27 February 1869 • Lockport, N.Y. (MS: CU-MARK, UCCL 00260)
Livy dear, it does seem that I am doomed never to get a satisfactory chance to write you again. They gave me no opportunity at Mr. Nevius’s, & so I traveled all night last night, purposely that I might have plenty of time to-dayⒶemendation.1explanatory note But now the day is nearly gone & I have only just gotten rid of an old California friend or two & the inevitable “committee.”2explanatory note And I have raced my feet off in the storm trying to find the villain (of the “committee”) who has got your letter—but of course I have failed, so far. If it were not wicked, I could cordially wish his funeral might occur tomorrow. However, I have bribed a man to find & bring me his body, dead or alive—& that letter. I know it is from you—there is no question about that.
We did not see Mrs. Brooks, my love. As I wrote you from Stuyvesant, she was out. We drove out there in the evening. I was not so very sorry she was absent, because I preferred to talk to Mr. Langdon, any-how—for I love him, & I only like Mrs. Brooks. Having made the call, my conscience was clear, because my Livy’s orders had been obeyed—& without orders from you, & only you of all people in the world, I wouldn’t have gone—for you know I wouldn’t be likely to forget that neither she nor her husband invited me to come back when I was there last.3explanatory note But I would go there fifty times if you desired it. Mr. Langdon acted very badly—& that was one reason why I didn’t grieve when we found her absent. He persisted in getting shaved before starting, & for no other reason than that he wanted to “show off.” He wanted to appear better looking than me. That was pure vanity. I cannot approve of such conduct as those.
I could not get much of Mr. Langdon’s company (except his Coal company.) I hardly like to tell on him,—but l Livy you ought to have seen what sort of characters he was associating with. He had his room full of them all the time. He had two abandoned coal-heavers Ⓐemendation there from Scranton, & two or three suspicious looking pirates from other districts, & that dissolute Mr. Frisbie from Elmira, & the a notorious character by the name of Slee, from Buffalo.4explanatory note But it was pleasant. The subject of coal is very thrilling. I listened to it for an hour—till my blood curdled in my veins, I may say. And what do you suppose they are going to do? Why they are going to take the Captain’s case into consideration. The Captain lives at Buffalo, you know. The Captain is all very well, but he don’t suit me. the Company. He wants his salary raised to three thousand. He says he can’t live on less. Simply because he has a large family to support—as if the coal company is was responsible for his family—or any of his other crimes, for that matter.5explanatory note No—the captain will find that the large-family dodge won’t answer. It is too old. We want something fresh. He lives in a twelve thousand-dollar Ⓐemendation house, you know, & they his lease is about out, & they are going to raise the rent on him from $500 to $800 a year—& just on that pretense he wants his wages advanced $600., per annum. torn in order to cancel: I j◇◇◇ ros◇ ◇p & Ⓐemendation
seven lines (between 6 and 40 words) torn away 6explanatory note
The Captain is all very well, you know, but he is altogether too valuable. He not only transacts all the duties that belong in his departments, but he transacts a little of everything that comes along. And maybe you won’t believe it, but he has actually been selling hundreds of dollars worth of coal on tickets—(hence the term “on tick.”) He Ⓐemendation sold a lot of it demurrage & other stuff on tickets to a Canadian mining company years ago, & they have got that coal plunder yet. Think of selling coal for tickets, Livy—when you know, & I know, that tickets are not good for anything but bread, & to travel on railroads with. But hereafter the notorious Slee will have to take charge of everything, in Buffalo himself—& the Head Centre (I mean the Head Salesman)7explanatory note will hire & discharge the men under him to suit himself, & be personally responsible, to Mr. Slee —& the Captain will have to keep his fingers out of that pie, & go remarkably slow on the Ticket system, too. And his wages will not be raised, either, unless Mr. Slee thinks fit. But The Captain’s family salary isn’t high enough, according to the size of his family as it now stands, & so it is plain enough to any noodle that that family has got to be reconstructed. Therefore, the salary will remain just as it is, & Mr. Slee will proceed to cut down the Captain’s family down to fit it. Business is business, you know. in margin: Mr. Slee gave me a very cordial invitation to visit his home in Buffalo, & I shall do it, some day. I like him first-rate. 8explanatory note
{Livy, they spell Plymouth without the u—take courage, my darling.}9explanatory note
Mr. Langdon thought of going up to Hartford about to-day, to see the Hookers;10explanatory note & you may well be glad of it, for he would wear himself out with business in New York in another week. He was at it all the time. However, he was in good spirits, & apparently in excellent health.
When I read your Stuyvesant letter I was inclined to be angry with Bement, at first, for writing you a note that made you down-hearted Ⓐemendation, but upon reflection I felt more charitable. He couldn’t write you a cordial letter, dear—it wouldn’t be human nature—for he loves you himself. Don’t talk back, Livy! He does love you—& so how could he rejoice that you are lost to him?11explanatory note
I am glad I marked those books for you, since the marking gives you pleasure, but I remember that the pencilings are very meagre—for which I am sorry. I have marked many a book for you, in the cars—& thrown them away afterward, not appreciating that I was taking a pleasure of any great moment from you. I will do better hereafter, my precious little wife.
And so you have been having visions of our future home, too, Livy? I have such visions every day of my life, now. And they always take one favorite shape—peace, & quiet—rest, & seclusion from the rush & roar & discord of the world. —You Ⓐemendation & I apart from the jangling elements of the outside world, reading & studying together when the day’s duties are done—in our own castle, by our own fireside, blessed in each other’s unwavering love & confidence. But it makes me ever so restive, Livy!—& impatient to throw off these wandering duties that thrall me now, & take you to my arms, never to miss your dear presence again. Speed the day! How I dread the California trip. Three awful months without seeing Livy once—it weakens my resolution to think of it. It is not a week since I saw you, & yet it seems already an age, & I would walk twenty miles through this snow-storm to kiss you, Livy. How will three months seem to me? A century.
Livy, darling, I see by your letter that you are not sleeping enough. Do you want to break this old heart of mine? But I was ever so glad to hear that when your father left, that morning, at 9 o’clock, you were still in bed. What I do long to hear, Livy, is that you lie abed late in the morning—that you don’t get up until your dear eyes refuse to stay shut any longer. For it is the morning sleep that is so strengthening, Livy. An hour of it is worth any other three hours. Please sleep later, Livy. I have talked it over with your father, & he is ready to le Ⓐemendation miss the blessing of your presence at breakfast in order that you may become more than ever a blessing to him by building up your strength through late sleeping. I want to see you looking strong and healthy when I take you in my arms on the 17th of March, Livy—& I can see you so, if you will only listen to my pleadings & sleep till ten o’clock every morning. Please, Livy darling.
Your new letter is come! No, Livy, Livy, Livy, I can’t see that you are in constant danger of pursuing your own tastes & pleasures instead of giving up your life for others. What I do see, though, is that you are always sacrificing yourself for other peoples’ Ⓐemendation benefit. I know it, Livy. You are doing enough. You are doing all that God has given you strength to do, & I tremble every time I detect a disposition in you to tax that strength further. Livy, the sweet spirit that goes out from you carries a constant blessing to the every member of the little circle you inhabit. You bless many persons by your beautiful life, while w most per people Ⓐemendation bless only one or two or three, by theirs—& therefore, why not be content? No, no, darling, it makes me uneasy, these thinkings, these longings & aspirings after a broader field of usefulness.12explanatory note It is because such thoughts & such broodings have their effect upon your physical strength—they waste it, they burn it out—& I so long to see you have a strength-restoring season of calm, of contentment, of tranquillity, both of mind & body—for then I know you would grow strong, & cheery & happy. Then you could think of others’ weal as much as you wished, Livy, & I would gladly help you scheme & plan & execute. Don’t be hurt at my solicitude, & my anxiety about your health, darling, for it is born of my strong, deep, deathless love for you, my worshipped idol.
I will send Hattie a photograph of the old pattern, & when I sit again, I will send her a new . Ⓐemendation one.13explanatory note {I talk of sitting, as complacently as if I were an old hen, .} & used to it.} And this reminds me that I told Mrs. Fairbanks you would sit for a large photograph for her, (like mine that hangs in the library,) as a companion to the one I gave her. She said she wanted her son & her daughter Ⓐemendation both, where she could look at them when she pleased,. But you needn’t hurry, Livy—in the spring will do. I will take you to the photographer’s & “fix” you., to suit myself.
The ring continuing to be “the largest piece of furniture in the house” is a burst of humor worthy of your affianced husband, Livy., you dear little Gravity. How I envy you your multiplicity of cousins!—for I can hardly claim a relative in the world outside our own family. I suppose it will be hard to write that letter to the Chicago cousin, under the circumstances, but then you are the brave girl that can do it.14explanatory note
I did not try to get the porcelain picture taken in New York because I would have no chance to examine “proofs” of it, having only half a day to spare there—but I will sit for it in Hartford.15explanatory note Which reminds me, honey, that you must direct your letters henceforward to “Saml. L. Clemens, 148 Asylum st., Hartford,”16explanatory note & thus oblige the man who loves, loves, loves you, Livy!
I kiss you, my own darling, on lip & cheek & brow, & bid you good-night, & pray that the ministering spirits of God will have you in their keeping & shield you from all harm.
Tell your mother that her eldest son is well, & sends his love.
docketed by OLL: 44th
If Clemens left Stuyvesant at 9:00 a.m. on 26 February, as planned (see the previous letter), he must have traveled all day as well as all night to reach Lockport, which was approximately 250 miles to the northwest, near Lake Ontario.
Neither the California friends nor any members of the committee have been identified. The latter group represented Clemens’s Lockport sponsor—the local post of the Grand Army of the Republic, the organization of Civil War veterans created in 1866 to help families of Union men killed in battle, and to lobby for improved government benefits for surviving veterans (“New Advertisements,” Lockport Journal, 2 Mar 69, 2, TS in CU-MARK).
Clemens apparently was “there last”—that is, at the Fifth Avenue and 53rd Street home of Fidele and Henry Brooks—on 3 November 1868, several weeks before Olivia accepted his marriage proposal. Then his “Honored Sister,” she had insisted that he introduce himself to the Brookses ( L2 , 278 n. 2).
Two of the “characters” Jervis Langdon consorted with have been identified. Eaton N. Frisbie (1833–93), mayor of Elmira in 1868, was president of the Pittston and Elmira Coal Company. John De La Fletcher Slee (1837–1901) was an 1862 graduate of Genesee College, at Lima, New York, and valedictorian of his class. In 1866 he had left a post as professor of Greek and German at Fally Seminary, in Fulton, New York, to go to Buffalo as western sales manager for Jervis Langdon’s coal firm. In 1869 he was “the authorized business agent,” “general salesman,” and “highest officer” of the Anthracite Coal Association of Buffalo, which was formed in 1861 and included the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company as well as Frisbie’s and Langdon’s firms. When Langdon reorganized his business in May 1870 as J. Langdon and Company, Slee became one of his partners, along with Charles J. Langdon and Theodore W. Crane. Slee had been married since 1862 to the former Emma Virginia Underhill, with whom he had four children (“Coal & Wood,” Elmira Advertiser, 27 Feb 69, 2; Towner 1892, 351; Gretchen Sharlow and Herbert A. Wisbey, Jr., personal communication; Chemung County Historical Society Biographical File, information courtesy of Timothy L. Decker and Nick Karanovich; SLC 1869; “Late J. D. F. Slee,” Elmira Gazette, 10 June 1901, 5; Smith, 2:201; “In Memoriam,” Elmira Saturday Evening Review, 13 Aug 70, 5).
George Dakin (1815–82), formerly a steamboat captain on Seneca Lake, an independent coal dealer, and a farmer, had gone to Buffalo in 1861 to establish coal yards and supervise coal shipments for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company. He became known as “practically the founder of the coal business of Buffalo” and the “foremost coal merchant of the city.” Dakin and his wife, the former Charlotte Brown, had three sons and four daughters (obituary, Buffalo Courier, 2 May 82, 2, TS in CU-MARK).
Clemens tore away the bottom third of the manuscript page. The excised passage probably began: “I just rose up &”.
Unidentified.
Clemens and Slee remained good friends for more than thirty years, with Slee occasionally providing assistance in business and personal matters (see Reigstad 1989, 1, 3, 4–5, for details of the friendship).
This teasing aside has not been explained. It may refer to William Bradford’s History of Plimoth Plantation, written between 1620 and 1647 but not published until 1856 (White, 62), which was conceivably among the books Clemens said he had marked for Olivia (see his seventh paragraph).
John and Isabella Beecher Hooker.
Edward P. Bement evidently worked for Jervis Langdon. Clemens had been persuaded for some time that he was a disappointed suitor of Olivia’s (see 6 Mar 69 to OLL and CJLclick to open link 1st of 2, p. 139, and L2 , 321 and 369).
Clemens had previously counseled Olivia against a life of active “usefulness” in his letter of 22 January.
For an example of “a photograph of the old pattern,” see the previous letter. It is not known whether Clemens ever made good his promise to Harriet Lewis.
Possibly Andrew Atwater, a cousin of Olivia’s who seems also to have been a suitor (see 8 and 9 Mar 69 to OLLclick to open link, p. 154).
The address of the American Publishing Company.
MS, Mark Twain Papers, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley (CU-MARK).
L3 , 114–120; Wecter 1947, 66, brief quotation; LLMT , 67–72; Davis 1977, 4, excerpt.
see Samossoud Collection, p. 586.
More information on provenance may be found in Description of Provenanceclick to open link.