The present volume consists of 104 autobiographical dictations, arranged chronologically by the date of their creation, continuing the series begun in Volume 1. It starts with the dictation of 2 April 1906 (Volume 1 ended with that of 30 March 1906), and it concludes with a dictation made on 28 February 1907, two years before the author ceased to add dictations to his text. The history of Mark Twain’s work on his autobiography, from the preliminary manuscripts and dictations he produced between 1870 and 1905 through the dictation series that began in early 1906, is given in the Introduction to Volume 1 (pp. 1–58). The editorial rationale for choosing between variants and for correcting errors is given in the Note on the Text to Volume 1 (pp. 669–79). Both are also available in the electronic edition published at Mark Twain Project Online (MTPO).

In this volume the source documents begin to present a textual situation not found earlier in the Autobiography: the existence of ribbon and carbon copies of a single typescript. It is not known for certain when Josephine Hobby began to make carbon copies, but it was probably in late May or early June 1906. Her original practice of retyping Mark Twain’s revised copy, generating the successive typescripts TS1, TS2, and TS3, did not entirely disappear until August 1906. After that, there is only a single typed text for any given dictation, although often either the ribbon or the carbon copy is now missing.

Mark Twain’s revision of these documents poses a minor problem. Beginning with the Autobiographical Dictation of 31 July, a pattern emerged in which he revised one copy (usually the ribbon) and transferred his changes to the other (usually the carbon), which he then further revised, often with contemporary (selective) publication in mind. Sometimes he had his revisions transferred by his secretary, Isabel Lyon. The transfer process was, as a rule, carried out accurately. But occasionally Clemens or Lyon neglected to transfer all of the originally inscribed changes. In all but a handful of cases, these variants between ribbon and carbon copy were inadvertent, and it is therefore necessary to accept all of them, regardless of where they were inscribed. In a few cases, however, Clemens seems to have deliberately altered a revision in the process of transferring it, in which case the version judged to be the later of the two has been adopted.

For some dictations Hobby, having made a typescript with a carbon copy, later made erasures and typed corrections of her own. In cases where, through omission or inattention, she created discrepancies, we follow her corrected (or first-corrected) version.

As with Volume 1, each dictation is supplied with a Textual Commentary, available only at MTPO, which spells out in detail how the editors have chosen between variants, and how and where they have corrected the text. Commentaries also identify and explain any necessary departures from the general policy.

This list defines the abbreviations used in this volume and provides full bibliographic information for works cited by an author’s name and a date, a short title, or an abbreviation. Works by members of the Clemens family may be found under the writer’s initials: SLC, OSC (Susy), CC (Clara), and JC (Jean).

AD. Autobiographical Dictation.

Ade, George. 1939. One Afternoon with Mark Twain. Chicago: Mark Twain Society of Chicago.

Alfonso Carlos, Prince of Bourbon and Austria-Este. 1902. “The Effort to Abolish the Duel.” North American Review 175 (August): 194–200.

American Bible Society. 1872. Fifty-sixth Annual Report of the American Bible Society, Presented May 9, 1872. New York: American Bible Society.

AMT. 1959. The Autobiography of Mark Twain. Edited by Charles Neider. New York: Harper and Brothers.

Anderson, Frederick, and Kenneth M. Sanderson, eds. 1971. Mark Twain: The Critical Heritage. New York: Barnes and Noble.

Andrews, Kenneth R. 1950. Nook Farm: Mark Twain’s Hartford Circle. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Antrobus, Augustine M. 1915. History of Des Moines County Iowa and Its People. 2 vols. Chicago: S. J. Clarke Publishing Company.

APC (American Publishing Company). 1866–79. “Books received from the Binderies, Dec 1st 1866 to Dec 31. 1879,” the company’s stock ledger, NN-BGC.

Archives Hub. 2011. “Frederic Whyte Papers.” http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb186fw. Accessed 8 December 2011.

Arms, George, and William M. Gibson. 1943. “ ‘Silas Lapham,’ ‘Daisy Miller,’ and the Jews.” New England Quarterly 16 (March): 118–22.

Asher, Robert. 2011. “Connecticut Inventors.” http://www.ctheritage.org/encyclopedia/topicalsurveys/inventors.htm. Accessed 11 January 2011.

Ashley, Mike. 2006. The Age of the Storytellers: British Popular Fiction Magazines, 1880–1950. London: British Library.

Atkinson, George W. 1876. History of Kanawha County. Charleston, W.Va.: Printed at the office of the West Virginia Journal.

AutoMT1. 2010. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Benjamin Griffin, Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, and Leslie Diane Myrick. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

AutoMT1-RE. 2012. Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1. Reader’s Edition. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Benjamin Griffin, Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, and Leslie Diane Myrick. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Baetzhold, Howard G. 1972. “Found: Mark Twain’s ‘Lost Sweetheart.’ ” American Literature 44 (November): 414–29.

Baetzhold, Howard G., and Joseph B. McCullough, eds. 1995. The Bible According to Mark Twain: Writings on Heaven, Eden, and the Flood. Athens: University of Georgia Press.

Baker, Simon. 1996. “Jesse Olney’s Innovative Geography Text of 1828 for Common Schools.” Journal of Geography 95 (January–February): 32–38.

BAL. 1955–91. Bibliography of American Literature. Compiled by Jacob Blanck. 9 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Banks, Charles Eugene, and Opie Read. 1906. The History of the San Francisco Disaster and Mount Vesuvius Horror. N.p.

Barnes, Tim. 2009. “C. E. S. Wood (1852–1944).” The Oregon Encyclopedia. http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/c_e_s_wood. Accessed 25 January 2011.

Bartlett, John. 1980. Familiar Quotations: A Collection of Passages, Phrases and Proverbs Traced to Their Sources in Ancient and Modern Literature. 15th ed., rev. and enl. Edited by Emily Morison Beck. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.

Baxter, James Phinney. 1904. Agamenticus, Bristol, Gorgeana, York. York, Me.: Old York Historical and Improvement Society.

Baylen, Joseph O. 1964. “Mark Twain, W. T. Stead and ‘The Tell-Tale Hands.’ ” American Quarterly 16 (Winter): 606–12.

Beck, Hamilton. 2005. “Mark Twain on the Crimean War.” The Victorian Web. http://www.victorianweb.org/history/crimea/beck/1.html. Accessed 19 October 2011.

Beecher Stowe Center. 2011. “Stowe’s Family.” http://www.harrietbeecherstowecenter.org/hbs/stowe_family.shtml. Accessed 16 December 2011.

Benedict, Frank Lee. 1870. Miss Van Kortland. A Novel. By the Author of “My Daughter Elinor.” New York: Harper and Brothers.

Bentley, G. E., Jr. 1997. “The Holy Pirates: Legal Enforcement in England of the Patent in the Authorized Version of the Bible ca. 1800.” Studies in Bibliography 50:372–89.

Bishop, D. M., and Co., comp. 1877. Bishop’s Oakland Directory for 1877–8. San Francisco: B. C. Vandall.

Bishop, Morris. 1962. A History of Cornell. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.

Bok, Edward W. 1922. The Americanization of Edward Bok. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Booth, Bradford A. 1954. “Mark Twain’s Comments on Bret Harte’s Stories.” American Literature 25 (January): 492–95.

Boyd, Andrew, and W. Harry Boyd, comps. 1872. Boyds’ Elmira and Corning Directory: Containing the Names of the Citizens, a Compendium of the Government, and Public and Private Institutions . . . 1872–3. Elmira, N.Y.: Andrew and W. Harry Boyd.

Brady, Tara. 2012. “Campaigners’ Dismay as Listed Mansion Falls to the Bulldozers.” Brent and Kilburn (England) Times, 19 January, 14.

Braid, James. 2008. The Discovery of Hypnosis: The Complete Writings of James Braid, “The Father of Hypnotherapy.” Edited by Donald Robertson. Studley, England: National Council for Hypnotherapy.

Briggs, Charles Augustus. 1906. “Criticism and Dogma.” North American Review 182 (June): 861–74.

Brown, T. Allston. 2005. “Early History of Negro Minstrelsy.” http://www.circushistory.org/Cork/BurntCork3.htm. Accessed 12 July 2011.

Browne, Charles Farrar [Artemus Ward, pseud.]. 1865. Artemus Ward; His Travels. New York: G. W. Carleton and Co.

Browne, Ray B. 1961. “Mark Twain and Captain Wakeman.” American Literature 33 (November): 320–29.

Budd, Louis J., ed.

1992a. Mark Twain: Collected Tales, Sketches, Speeches, & Essays, 1852–1890. The Library of America. New York: Literary Classics of the United States.

1992b. Mark Twain: Collected Tales, Sketches, Speeches, & Essays, 1891–1910. The Library of America. New York: Literary Classics of the United States.

Budge, E. A. Wallis. 1925. The Rise and Progress of Assyriology. London: Martin Hopkinson and Co.

Caldwell, O. H., and F. M. Feiker. 1919. “Gossip of the Trade.” Electrical Merchandising 22 (August): 109–16.

Campbell, Ballard C.

2008a. American Disasters: 201 Calamities That Shook the Nation. Edited by Ballard C. Campbell. New York: Checkmark Books.

2008b. “1893: Financial Panic and Depression.” In Campbell 2008a, 168–71.

Carlyle, Thomas. 1864. Collected Works. Volume 13, Latter-Day Pamphlets. London: Chapman and Hall.

Carnegie Endowment. 1919. A Manual of the Public Benefactions of Andrew Carnegie. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.

CC (Clara Langdon Clemens, later Gabrilowitsch and Samossoud).

1931. My Father, Mark Twain. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1938. My Husband, Gabrilowitsch. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1956. Awake to a Perfect Day: My Experience with Christian Science. New York: Citadel Press.

Chapple, Joe Mitchell. 1910. “Affairs at Washington.” National Magazine 32 (June–July): 285–310.

Chatham Census. 1880. Population Schedules of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. Roll T9. New Jersey: Morris County, Chatham Township. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Chautauqua County. 1904. The Centennial History of Chautauqua County. 2 vols. Jamestown, N.Y.: Chautauqua History Company.

Chemung Census. 1870. Population Schedules of the Ninth Census of the United States, 1870. Roll M593. New York: Chemung County, Elmira. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Cherny, Robert W. 2008. “1906: San Francisco Earthquake and Fire.” In Campbell 2008a, 198–200.

CHi. California Historical Society, San Francisco.

Cleveland Directory. 1871. Cleveland Directory, 1871–72. Comprising an Alphabetical List of All Business Firms and Private Citizens; A Classified Business Directory; and a Directory of the Public Institutions of the City. Compiled by A. Bailey. Cleveland: W. S. Robison and Co.

CLU-SC. University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Special Collections, Los Angeles, Calif.

CofC. 1969. Clemens of the “Call”: Mark Twain in San Francisco. Edited by Edgar M. Branch. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Colby, Frank Moore, ed. 1920. The New International Year Book: A Compendium of the World’s Progress for the Year 1919. New York: Dodd, Mead and Co.

Conard, Howard L., ed. 1901. Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri. 6 vols. New York: Southern History Company.

Conlin, Joseph R. 1986. Bacon, Beans, and Galantines. Reno: University of Nevada Press.

Connecticut Historical Society. 2012. “A Guide to the Gilman Family Papers at the Connecticut Historical Society.” http://www.chs.org/finding_aides/finding_aids/gilmf1787.html. Accessed 10 April 2012.

Cooper Union. 2011. “The Cooper Union.” http://cooper.edu/about-us. Accessed 10 May 2011.

Corcoran Gallery. 2012. “A Love of Europe.” http://www.corcoran.org/past_exhibitions/past/a_love_of_europe_highlights-from-the-william-a.-clark-collection. Accessed 10 July 2012.

Côté, Richard N. 2012. “Theodosia Burr Alston: Portrait of a Prodigy.” http://www.bookdoctor.com/corinthian/cote/theodosia.html. Accessed 23 January 2012.

Courtney, Steve.

2008. Joseph Hopkins Twichell: The Life and Times of Mark Twain’s Closest Friend. Athens: University of Georgia Press.

2011. “The Loveliest Home That Ever Was”: The Story of the Mark Twain House in Hartford. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications.

Craig, Christopher. 2003. “Woodward, R(obert) B(lum): Hotel and Amusement Resort Proprietor.” In Encyclopedia of San Francisco. http://www.sfhistoryencyclopedia.com. Accessed 12 October 2011.

Crapsey, Algernon Sidney. 1924. The Last of the Heretics. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

CSmH. Henry E. Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens, San Marino, Calif.

CtHMTH. Mark Twain House and Museum, Hartford, Conn.

CtHSD. Stowe-Day Memorial Library and Historical Foundation, Hartford, Conn.

CtY-BR. Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, New Haven, Conn.

CU-BANC. University of California, The Bancroft Library, Berkeley.

CU-MARK. University of California, Mark Twain Papers, Berkeley.

Curtis, David A. 1890. “In and About New York.” Kalamazoo (Mich.) Gazette, 24 May, 6.

CY. 1979. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court. Edited by Bernard L. Stein, with an introduction by Henry Nash Smith. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Dallas Census. 1880. Population Schedules of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. Roll T9. Texas: Dallas. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

D.A.R. Directory. 1908. Directory of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Compiled by Order of the Sixteenth Continental Congress. Washington, D.C.: n.p.

Darwin, Charles.

1877. “A Biographical Sketch of an Infant.” Mind: A Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy 7 (July): 285–94.

1884. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. New York: D. Appleton and Co.

1887. The Life and Letters of Charles Darwin, Including an Autobiographical Chapter. Edited by Francis Darwin. 2 vols. New York: D. Appleton and Co.

Depew, Chauncey M. 1922. My Memories of Eighty Years. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Derby, J. C. 1884. Fifty Years among Authors, Books and Publishers. New York: G. W. Carleton and Co.

Dickinson, Asa Don. 1935. “Huckleberry Finn Is Fifty Years Old—Yes; But Is He Respectable?” Wilson Bulletin for Librarians 10 (November): 180–85.

Dickinson, S. Meredith. 1900. Reports of Cases Decided in the Court of Chancery, and, on Appeal, in the Court of Errors and Appeals, of the State of New Jersey, Volume 13. Newark: Soney and Sage.

Disturnell, John, comp. 1876. New York as It Was and as It Is. New York: D. Van Nostrand.

DLC. United States Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Doane, T. W. 1882. Bible Myths and Their Parallels in Other Religions. 4th ed. New York: Commonwealth Company.

Dollis Hill House Trust. 2011. “Dollis Hill House: Our History.” http://www.dollishillhouse.org.uk/history.htm. Accessed 17 August 2011.

Donworth, Grace. 1908. The Letters of Jennie Allen to Her Friend Miss Musgrove. Boston: Small, Maynard and Co.

Downey, Stephen W. 1880. The Immortals. Argument of Hon. Stephen W. Downey, of Wyoming Territory, in the House of Representatives, Tuesday, April 13, 1880, on a Bill Providing for Certain Paintings on the Walls of the National Capitol. Washington, D.C.: n.p.

Draper, Warwick H. 1901. “Copyright Legislation.” Law Quarterly Review 17 (January): 39–55.

Duckett, Margaret. 1964. Mark Twain and Bret Harte. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Dunne, Finley Peter [Martin Dooley, pseud.]. 1963. Mr. Dooley Remembers: The Informal Memoirs of Finley Peter Dunne. Edited with an introduction and commentary by Philip Dunne. Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown and Co.

Eddy, Mary Baker G. 1884. Science and Health; with a Key to the Scriptures. 10th ed. 2 vols. Cambridge: published by the author. SLC copy of volume 2 in CU-MARK.

Ellis, Elmer. 1941. Mr. Dooley’s America: A Life of Finley Peter Dunne. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Ellsworth, William Webster. 1919. A Golden Age of Authors: A Publisher’s Recollection. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Ernst, Bernard M. L., and Hereward Carrington. 1932. Houdini and Conan Doyle: The Story of a Strange Friendship. New York: Albert and Charles Boni.

ET&S1. 1979. Early Tales & Sketches, Volume 1 (1851–1864). Edited by Edgar Marquess Branch and Robert H. Hirst, with the assistance of Harriet Elinor Smith. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

ET&S2. 1981. Early Tales & Sketches, Volume 2 (1864–1865). Edited by Edgar Marquess Branch and Robert H. Hirst, with the assistance of Harriet Elinor Smith. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Evans, Peter A., William R. Gillis, and Henry Alston Williams. 1970. Gillis family genealogy, unpublished manuscript documents, photocopy in CU-MARK.

Exman, Eugene. 1967. The House of Harper: One Hundred and Fifty Years of Publishing. New York: Harper and Row.

Fagen, M. D., ed. 1975. A History of Engineering and Science in the Bell System: The Early Years (1875–1925). N.p.: Bell Telephone Laboratories.

Fahlman, Betsy. 1991. “Women Art Students at Yale, 1869–1913: Never True Sons of the University.” Woman’s Art Journal 12 (Spring–Summer): 15–23.

Falk, Pasi, and Colin Campbell. 1997. The Shopping Experience. London: Sage Publications.

Fanning, Philip Ashley. 2003. Mark Twain and Orion Clemens: Brothers, Partners, Strangers. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

Fatout, Paul. 1976. Mark Twain Speaking. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.

Ferris, Ruth. 1965. “Captain Jolly in the Civil War.” Missouri Historical Society Bulletin 22 (October): 14–31.

FiH2. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura (Finnish Literature Society), Helsinki, Finland.

Flagg, Mildred Buchanan. 1966. Boston Authors Now and Then: More Members of the Boston Authors Club, 1900–1966. Cambridge: Dresser, Chapman and Grimes.

FM. 1972. Mark Twain’s Fables of Man. Edited by John S. Tuckey. Text established by Kenneth M. Sanderson and Bernard L. Stein. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Foor, Forrest LeRoy. 1941. “The Senatorial Aspirations of William A. Clark, 1898–1901: A Study in Montana Politics.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley.

Freedman. Collection of Samuel N. Freedman.

Freeport Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. Maine: Cumberland County, Freeport Township. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Fuller, Frank. 1911. “Utah’s War Governor Talks of Many Famous Men.” New York Times, 1 October, 5:10.

Gagey, Edmond M. 1971. “Cayvan, Georgia Eva.” In Notable American Women, 1607–1950: A Biographical Dictionary. Edited by Edward T. James, Janet Wilson James, and Paul S. Boyer. 3 vols. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Gallati, Barbara Dayer. 1995. William Merritt Chase. New York: Harry N. Abrams.

Gamo, Benjamin. 1908. Modern Billiards: A Complete Text-Book of the Game. New York: Brunswick-Balke-Collender Company.

Garrison, Charles. 1904. “The De Laval Steam Turbine.” National Engineer 8 (April): 1–4.

Geer, Elihu, comp.

1882. Geer’s Hartford City Directory and Hartford Illustrated; for the Year Commencing July 1st, 1882. Hartford: Elihu Geer.

1886. Geer’s Hartford City Directory; July 1, 1886: Being a Fifteen-Fold Directory of Hartford. Hartford: Elihu Geer.

GEU. Emory University, Atlanta, Ga.

Gilder, Rosamond, ed. 1916. Letters of Richard Watson Gilder. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Gillis, William R. 1930. Gold Rush Days with Mark Twain. New York: Albert and Charles Boni.

Gilmour, David. 2002. The Long Recessional: The Imperial Life of Rudyard Kipling. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Glasson, William H. 1918. Federal Military Pensions in the United States. Edited by David Kinley. New York: Oxford University Press.

Goble, Corban. 1998. “Mark Twain’s Nemesis: The Paige Compositor.” Printing History: The Journal of the American Printing History Association 18 (36): 2–16.

Gowdy, Anne Razey. 2003. “Frances Miriam Berry Whitcher, 1812?–1852.” In Writers of the American Renaissance: An A–Z Guide. Edited by Denise D. Wright. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Group.

Graver, William J. 1992. “Rudyard Kipling and Mark Twain: A Literary Friendship.” The Kipling Journal 66 (September): 13–30.

Gribben, Alan. 1980. Mark Twain’s Library: A Reconstruction. 2 vols. Boston: G. K. Hall and Co.

Gribben, Alan, and Nick Karanovich, eds. 1992. Overland with Mark Twain: James B. Pond’s Photographs and Journal of the North American Lecture Tour of 1895. Elmira, N.Y.: Center for Mark Twain Studies.

Gudde, Erwin G. 1962. California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. 2d ed., rev. and enl. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Hale, Edward Everett.

1863. “The Man without a Country.” Atlantic Monthly 12 (December): 665–79.

1906. “Statement of Rev. Edward Everett Hale.” Speech made on 7 December before the Senate and House Committees on Patents. In U.S. Congress 1906, 114–15.

Hall, Frederick J. 1947. “Fred J. Hall Tells the Story of His Connection with Charles L. Webster & Co.” Twainian 6 (November–December): 1–3.

Hannibal Courier-Post. 2011. “About Us.” http://www.hannibal.net/contact. Accessed 4 August 2011.

Harnsberger, Caroline Thomas, ed. 1948. Mark Twain at Your Fingertips. New York: Beechhurst Press.

Harris, Julia Collier. 1918. The Life and Letters of Joel Chandler Harris. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Harte, Bret.

1867. “Preface.” In Condensed Novels. And Other Papers. New York: G. W. Carleton and Co.

1868. “The Luck of Roaring Camp.” Overland Monthly 1 (August): 183–89.

1869a. “Current Literature.” Overland Monthly 3 (September): 292–96.

1869b. “Tennessee’s Partner.” Overland Monthly 3 (October): 360–65.

1869c. “The Idyl of Red Gulch.” Overland Monthly 3 (December): 569–74.

1870a. The Luck of Roaring Camp, and Other Sketches. Boston: Fields, Osgood, and Co. SLC copy in CU-MARK.

1870b. “Mr. Thompson’s Prodigal.” Overland Monthly 5 (July): 91–95.

1870c. “Plain Language from Truthful James.” Overland Monthly 5 (September): 287–88. Also known as “The Heathen Chinee.”

1876. “Thankful Blossom: A Romance of the Jerseys, 1779.” New York Sun: 3 December, 1–2; 10 December, 1–2; 17 December, 1–2; 24 December, 1–2.

1898. “Salomy Jane’s Kiss.” New York Sun, 22 May and 29 May, sec. 3, 7.

1926. The Letters of Bret Harte. Edited by Geoffrey Bret Harte. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

1997. Selected Letters of Bret Harte. Edited by Gary Scharnhorst. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Hartford Census. 1880. Population Schedules of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. Roll T9. Connecticut: Hartford County. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Harvard Directory. 1910. Harvard University Directory: A Catalogue of Men Now Living Who Have Been Enrolled as Students in the University. Cambridge: Harvard University.

Harvey, George.

1906. “The Editor’s Diary.” North American Review 183 (21 December): 1321–36.

1907. “The Man Who Ate Babies.” Harper’s Weekly 51 (2 March): 296.

Hawkins, Hunt. 1978. “Mark Twain’s Involvement with the Congo Reform Movement: ‘A Fury of Generous Indignation.’ ” New England Quarterly 51 (June): 147–75.

HC. Henry Clemens.

Henry of Huntingdon. 1853. The Chronicle of Henry of Huntingdon. Comprising the History of England, from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Accession of Henry II. Also, The Acts of Stephen, King of England and Duke of Normandy. Translated and edited by Thomas Forester. Bohn’s Antiquarian Library. London: Henry G. Bohn.

Herrmann, Dorothy. 1999. Helen Keller: A Life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hershkowitz, Leo. 1977. Tweed’s New York: Another Look. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press/Doubleday.

HF 2003. 2003. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Edited by Victor Fischer and Lin Salamo, with the late Walter Blair. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

HHR. 1969. Mark Twain’s Correspondence with Henry Huttleston Rogers. Edited by Lewis Leary. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Hicks, Urban E. 1886. Yakima and Clickitat Indian Wars, 1855 and 1856. Personal Recollections of Capt. U. E. Hicks. Portland, Ore.: Himes the Printer.

Higbie, Calvin H. 1906. “A Short Description Leading up to my Acquaintance with Saml. L. Clemens, Mark Twain.” Two versions survive: Higbie’s original MS of forty-six leaves, and a TS, by an unidentified typist, of thirty-four leaves (the version mailed to SLC, with his revisions); CU-MARK.

Hill, Hamlin.

1964. Mark Twain and Elisha Bliss. Columbia: University of Missouri Press.

1973. Mark Twain: God’s Fool. New York: Harper and Row.

Himmelwright, A. L. A. 1906. The San Francisco Earthquake and Fire: A Brief History of the Disaster. New York: Roebling Construction Company.

Hirst, Robert H. 1975. “The Making of The Innocents Abroad: 1867–1872.” Ph.D. diss., University of California, Berkeley.

Hiss, A. Emil, and Albert E. Ebert. 1910. The New Standard Formulary. Chicago: G. P. Engelhard and Co.

Hoffmann, Donald. 2006. Mark Twain in Paradise: His Voyages to Bermuda. Columbia: University of Missouri Press.

Hoppe, Willie. 1975. Thirty Years of Billiards. Edited by Thomas Emmett Crozier. New York: Dover Publications.

Householder, Fred W., Jr. 1936. “Quem Deus Vult Perdere Dementat Prius.” The Classical Weekly 29 (April): 165–67.

House of Lords. 1900. Report from the Select Committee of the House of Lords on the Copyright Bill [H. L.] and the Copyright (Artistic) Bill [H. L.]; Together with the Proceedings of the Committee, Minutes of Evidence, and Appendix. Session 1900. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

Howard, June. 2001. Publishing the Family. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.

Howard, William K. 1906. “Twenty-five United States Senators Estimated to Be Worth $171,000,000.” Washington Post, 27 May, SM3.

Howells, William Dean.

1875. “Recent Literature.” Atlantic Monthly 36 (December): 748–60. Reprinted in Appendix E, “Howells’s Review of Mark Twain’s Sketches, New and Old,” L6, 655–58.

1880. “Mark Twain’s New Book.” Atlantic Monthly 45 (May): 686–88. Reprinted in Budd 1999, 186–88.

1881. “New Publications. A Romance by Mark Twain.” New York Tribune, 25 October, 6.

1884. “The Rise of Silas Lapham.” Century Magazine 29 (November): 13–26.

1903. “Certain of the Chicago School of Fiction.” North American Review 176 (May): 734–46.

1910. My Mark Twain: Reminiscences and Criticisms. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1919. “Editor’s Easy Chair. In Memoriam.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 140 (December): 133–36.

1928. Life in Letters of William Dean Howells. Edited by Mildred Howells. 2 vols. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran and Co.

1979. W. D. Howells, Selected Letters, Volume 2: 1873–1881. Edited and annotated by George Arms and Christoph K. Lohmann. Textual editors Christoph K. Lohmann and Jerry Herron. Boston: Twayne Publishers.

1980. W. D. Howells, Selected Letters, Volume 3: 1882–1891. Edited and annotated by Robert C. Leitz III, with Richard H. Ballinger and Christoph K. Lohmann. Textual editor Christoph K. Lohmann. Boston: Twayne Publishers.

Hudson Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. New Jersey: Hudson County, Jersey City. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Hustvedt, Asti. 2011. Medical Muses: Hysteria in Nineteenth-Century Paris. New York: W. W. Norton and Co.

IaCrM. Iowa Masonic Library, Cedar Rapids.

Inds. 1989. Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer among the Indians, and Other Unfinished Stories. Foreword and notes by Dahlia Armon and Walter Blair. The Mark Twain Library. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

Ingersoll, Luther A. 1908. Ingersoll’s Century History: Santa Monica Bay Cities. Los Angeles: Luther A. Ingersoll.

InU-Li. Indiana University Lilly Rare Books, Bloomington.

James, George Wharton. 1916. Rose Hartwick Thorpe and the Story of “Curfew Must Not Ring To-night.” Pasadena, Calif.: Radiant Life Press.

James, William. 1983. Essays in Psychology. Edited by Frederick H. Burkhardt, Fredson Bowers, and Ignas K. Skrupskelis, with an introduction by William R. Woodward. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

JC (Jean Lampton Clemens). 1900–1907. Diaries of Jean L. Clemens, 1900–1907. 7 vols. MS, CSmH.

Jerome, Robert D., and Herbert A. Wisbey, Jr. 1977. Mark Twain in Elmira. Elmira, N.Y.: Mark Twain Society.

JIm. Iwaki Meisei University, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan.

JLC. Jane Lampton Clemens.

Johnson, Burges. 1952. “A Ghost for Mark Twain.” Atlantic 189 (May): 65–66.

Johnson, Robert Underwood. 1923. Remembered Yesterdays. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.

Johnson, Willis F. 1929. George Harvey, “A Passionate Patriot.” Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Jordan, David Starr. 1903. The Call of the Twentieth Century: An Address to Young Men. Boston: Beacon Press.

Joshi, S. T., and David E. Schultz. 1999. Ambrose Bierce: An Annotated Bibliography of Primary Sources. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.

Kanawha Census. 1850. Population Schedules of the Seventh Census of the United States, 1850. Roll M432. Virginia: Kanawha County. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Keller, Helen.

1903. The Story of My Life. New York: Doubleday, Page and Co.

2005. Helen Keller: Selected Writings. Edited by Kim E. Nielsen. New York: New York University Press.

Keokuk City Directory. 1859. Lee County Genealogy History. Submitted and transcribed by Salli Griswold. http://iagenweb.org/lee/data/1859/1859-5.htm. Accessed 13 May 2011.

King, Moses.

1892. King’s Handbook of New York City: An Outline History and Description of the American Metropolis. Boston: Moses King.

1893. King’s Handbook of New York City: An Outline History and Description of the American Metropolis. 2d ed. Boston: Moses King.

Kirkham, Samuel. 1835. English Grammar in Familiar Lectures, Accompanied by a Compendium; Embracing a New Systematick Order of Parsing, a New System of Punctuation, Exercises in False Syntax, and a System of Philosophical Grammar in Notes: To Which Are Added an Appendix, and a Key to the Exercises: Designed for the Use of Schools and Private Learners. 105th ed. Baltimore: John Plaskitt.

Kittredge, George Lyman. 1904. The Old Farmer and His Almanack. Boston: William Ware and Co.

Koenig, Samuel S., comp. 1909. Manual for the Use of the Legislature of the State of New York. Albany: J. B. Lyon Company.

Kohn, John S. Van E. 1957. “Mark Twain’s 1601.” Princeton University Library Chronicle 18 (Winter): 49–54.

Krass, Peter. 2007. Ignorance, Confidence, and Filthy Rich Friends: The Business Adventures of Mark Twain, Chronic Speculator and Entrepreneur. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.

Krauth, Leland. 2003. Mark Twain and Company: Six Literary Relations. Athens: University of Georgia Press.

Kruse, Horst H. 1992. “Mark Twain’s Nom de Plume: Some Mysteries Resolved.” Mark Twain Journal 30 (Spring): 1–32.

L1. 1988. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 1: 1853–1866. Edited by Edgar Marquess Branch, Michael B. Frank, and Kenneth M. Sanderson. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

L2. 1990. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 2: 1867–1868. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Richard Bucci, and Lin Salamo. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

L3. 1992. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 3: 1869. Edited by Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, and Dahlia Armon. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

L4. 1995. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 4: 1870–1871. Edited by Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, and Lin Salamo. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

L5. 1997. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 5: 1872–1873. Edited by Lin Salamo and Harriet Elinor Smith. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

L6. 2002. Mark Twain’s Letters, Volume 6: 1874–1875. Edited by Michael B. Frank and Harriet Elinor Smith. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Also online at MTPO.

Letters 1876–1880. 2007. Mark Twain’s Letters, 1876–1880. Edited by Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, and Harriet Elinor Smith, with Sharon K. Goetz, Benjamin Griffin, and Leslie Myrick. Mark Twain Project Online. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. [To locate a letter text from its citation, select the “Letters” link at http://www.marktwainproject.org, then use the “Date Written” links in the left-hand column.]

Letters NP1. 2010. Mark Twain’s Letters Newly Published 1. Edited by Victor Fischer, Michael B. Frank, Sharon K. Goetz, and Harriet Elinor Smith. Mark Twain Project Online. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. [To locate a letter text from its citation, select the “Letters” link at http://www.marktwainproject.org, then use the “Date Written” links in the left-hand column.]

Lamphere, George N. 1881. The United States Government: Its Organization and Practical Workings. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott and Co.

Lampton, Lucius Marion. 1990. The Genealogy of Mark Twain. Jackson, Miss.: Diamond L Publishing.

Landon, Melville D. [Eli Perkins, pseud.].

1898. Library of Wit and Humor by Mark Twain and Others. Chicago: Thompson and Thomas.

n.d. Hot Stuff by Famous Funny Men: Comprising Wit, Humor, Pathos, Ridicule, Satires, Dialects, Puns, Conundrums, Riddles, Charades, Jokes and Magic. Chicago: Reilly and Britton Company.

Lang, Andrew. 1886. “At the Sign of the Ship.” Longman’s Magazine 7 (February): 445–46. Reprinted in Anderson and Sanderson 1971, 146–47.

Lang, Herbert O. 1882. A History of Tuolumne County. San Francisco: B. F. Alley.

Lanier, Henry Wysham, ed. 1938. The Players’ Book: A Half-Century of Fact, Feeling, Fun and Folklore. New York: The Players.

Laws.

1862. Laws of the Territory of Nevada, Passed at the First Regular Session of the Legislative Assembly. San Francisco: Valentine and Co.

1863. Laws of the Territory of Nevada, Passed at the Second Regular Session of the Legislative Assembly. Virginia City: J. T. Goodman and Co.

Lawton, Mary. 1925. A Lifetime with Mark Twain: The Memories of Katy Leary, for Thirty Years His Faithful and Devoted Servant. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.

LE. 1962. Letters from the Earth. Edited by Bernard DeVoto. With a preface by Henry Nash Smith. New York: Harper and Row.

Leary, Lewis, ed. 1961. Mark Twain’s Letters to Mary. New York: Columbia University Press.

Library of Congress. 2011. “The Eliot Indian Bible: First Bible Printed in America.” Library of Congress Bible Collection. Ongoing exhibition, opened 11 April 2008. http://myloc.gov/exhibitions/bibles/pages/objectlist.aspx. Accessed 25 August 2011.

Lindau, Rudolf. 1917. Morgenland und Abendland. Mit einer Einleitung von Wilhelm Rath, einem Bilde des Verfassers und 11 Zeichnungen von Franz Müller-Münster. Hamburg-Grossborstel: Verlag der Deutschen Dichter-Gedächtnis-Stiftung.

Little, Mrs. C. M. 1893. History of the Clan MacFarlane. Tottenville, N.Y.: Mrs. C. M. Little.

Lomask, Milton. 1982. Aaron Burr: The Conspiracy and Years of Exile, 1805–1836. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux.

Lossing, Benson J. 1884. History of New York City, Embracing an Outline Sketch of Events from 1609 to 1830, and a Full Account of Its Development from 1830 to 1884. New York: A. S. Barnes and Co.

Lyde, Elsie Leslie. 1889. “My Stage Life.” With an added note by Lucy C. Lillie. Cosmopolitan 6 (February): 372–77.

Lyon, Isabel V.

1903–6. MS journal of seventy-four pages, with entries dated 7 November 1903 to 14 January 1906, CU-MARK.

1905a. Diary in The Standard Daily Reminder: 1905. MS notebook of 368 pages, CU-MARK. [Lyon kept two diaries for 1905, this one and Lyon 1905b; some entries appear in both, but each also includes entries not found in the other.]

1905b. Diary in The Standard Daily Reminder: 1905. MS notebook of 368 pages, photocopy in CU-MARK. [In 1971 the original diary was owned by Mr. and Mrs. Robert V. Antenne and Mr. and Mrs. James F. Dorrance, of Rice Lake, Wisconsin; its current location is unknown. Lyon kept two diaries for 1905, this one and Lyon 1905a; some entries appear in both, but each also includes entries not found in the other.]

1906. Diary in The Standard Daily Reminder: 1906. MS notebook of 368 pages, CU-MARK.

1907. Diary in Date Book for 1907. MS notebook of 368 pages, CU-MARK.

Lystra, Karen. 2004. Dangerous Intimacy: The Untold Story of Mark Twain’s Final Years. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Machias Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. Maine: Washington County, Machias Township. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Mahar, William J. 1999. Behind the Burnt Cork Mask: Early Blackface Minstrelsy and Antebellum American Popular Culture. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Manhattan Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. New York: Manhattan. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Marden, Orison Swett, ed. 1907. The Consolidated Library. Volume 14, The Ethics of Business and Inspiration of Daily Life. Rev. ed. New York: Bureau of National Literature and Art.

Marion Census. 1850. Population Schedules of the Seventh Census of the United States, 1850. Roll 406. Missouri: Marion, Mercer, Miller, and Mississippi Counties. National Archives Microfilm Publications, Microcopy no. 432. Washington, D.C.: General Services Administration.

Marshall, Edward. 1910. “Wizard with Amazing Powers Astounds Scientists.” New York Times, 13 November, SM1–2.

Massachusetts Historical Society. 2011. “Seth Eastman on Dighton Rock.” http://www.masshist.org/objects/2011march.php. Accessed 7 September 2011.

Matthews, Brander.

1885. “Huckleberry Finn.” Saturday Review 59 (31 January): 153–54. Reprinted in Anderson and Sanderson, 121–25.

1896. “The Penalty of Humor.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 92 (May): 897–900.

1922. “Memories of Mark Twain.” In The Tocsin of Revolt and Other Essays, 253–94. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Maurice, Arthur Bartlett. 1908. “The Author’s Full Dinner Pail.” Bookman 28 (December): 326–39.

McKeithan, Daniel Morley. 1961. The Morgan Manuscript of Mark Twain’s “Pudd’nhead Wilson.” Essays and Studies on American Language and Literature, 12. Uppsala: A.-B. Lundequistska Bokhandeln.

McKivigan, John. 2008. Forgotten Firebrand: James Redpath and the Making of Nineteenth-Century America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.

McNay, Dan. 2011. “Helena de Kay Gilder.” http://helenadekaygilder.org/index.htm. Accessed 18 May 2011.

MEC. Mary E. (Mollie) Clemens.

Melton, J. Gordon, ed. 2001. Gale Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology. 2 vols. Detroit: Gale Research.

Meyer, Hermann Julius. 1929. Meyers Lexikon, Band 11. 7 Auflage. Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.

MFai. Millicent Library, Fairhaven, Mass.

MH-H. Harvard University, Houghton Library, Cambridge, Mass.

Mieder, Wolfgang, Stewart A. Kingsbury, and Kelsie B. Harder, eds. 1992. A Dictionary of American Proverbs. New York: Oxford University Press.

Miller, Brenda J. 2012. “Bartlett’s Tower.” http://www.ctvisit.com/travelstories/details/bartlett-s-tower/81. Accessed 6 April 2012.

Miller, James, comp. 1866. Miller’s New York as It Is. New York: J. Miller. Citations are to the 1975 reprint edition, The 1866 Guide to New York City. New York: Schocken Books.

Miller, William C. 1973. “Samuel L. and Orion Clemens vs. Mark Twain and His Biographers (1861–1862).” Mark Twain Journal 16 (Summer): 1–9.

Missouri Death Records. 2011. Missouri Death Records, 1834–1910 [online database]. http://ancestry.com. Accessed 3 October 2011.

Missouri Marriage Records. 2011. Missouri Marriage Records, 1805–2002 [online database]. http://ancestry.com. Accessed 10 September 2011.

Mitchell, Edward P. 1924. Memoirs of an Editor: Fifty Years of American Journalism. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

MnHi. Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul.

Mooney, Michael Macdonald. 1976. Evelyn Nesbit and Stanford White: Love and Death in the Gilded Age. New York: William Morrow and Co.

MoPeS. St. Mary’s Seminary, Perryville, Mo.

Morgan, James Appleton. 1910. “Concluding Chapter of Dr. Morgan’s Autobiography.” New Shakespeareana 9, nos. 2–3 (May–September): 42–78.

Morris, Roy, Jr. 1995. Ambrose Bierce: Alone in Bad Company. New York: Crown Publishers.

Mott, Frank Luther.

1938a. A History of American Magazines, 1850–1865. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

1938b. A History of American Magazines, 1865–1885. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

1950. American Journalism: A History of Newspapers in the United States through 260 Years, 1690 to 1950. Rev. ed. New York: Macmillan Company.

MS. Manuscript.

MSM. 1969. Mark Twain’s Mysterious Stranger Manuscripts. Edited by William M. Gibson. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

MTA. 1924. Mark Twain’s Autobiography. Edited by Albert Bigelow Paine. 2 vols. New York: Harper and Brothers.

MTB. 1912. Mark Twain: A Biography. By Albert Bigelow Paine. 3 vols. New York: Harper and Brothers. [Volume numbers in citations are to this edition; page numbers are the same in all editions.]

MTBus. 1946. Mark Twain, Business Man. Edited by Samuel Charles Webster. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.

MTE. 1940. Mark Twain in Eruption. Edited by Bernard DeVoto. New York: Harper and Brothers.

MTEnt. 1957. Mark Twain of the “Enterprise.” Edited by Henry Nash Smith, with the assistance of Frederick Anderson. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

MTH. 1947. Mark Twain and Hawaii. By Walter Francis Frear. Chicago: Lakeside Press.

MTHL. 1960. Mark Twain–Howells Letters. Edited by Henry Nash Smith and William M. Gibson, with the assistance of Frederick Anderson. 2 vols. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

MTL. 1917. Mark Twain’s Letters. Edited by Albert Bigelow Paine. 2 vols. New York: Harper and Brothers.

MTLP. 1967. Mark Twain’s Letters to His Publishers, 1867–1894. Edited by Hamlin Hill. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

MTPO. Mark Twain Project Online. Edited by the Mark Twain Project. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. [Launched 1 November 2007.] http://www.marktwainproject.org.

MTTB. 1940. Mark Twain’s Travels with Mr. Brown. Edited by Franklin Walker and G. Ezra Dane. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Murray, Timothy D. 1986. “G. W. Carleton (New York: 1861–1871); G. W. Carleton and Company (New York: 1871–1886).” Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 49: American Literary Publishing Houses, 1638–1899. Part 1: A–M. Edited by Peter Dzwonkoski. Detroit: Gale Research Company.

“My Sutherland-Wright Ancestry.” 2011. Privately compiled genealogy, photocopy in CU-MARK.

N&J1. 1975. Mark Twain’s Notebooks & Journals, Volume 1 (1855–1873). Edited by Frederick Anderson, Michael B. Frank, and Kenneth M. Sanderson. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

N&J2. 1975. Mark Twain’s Notebooks & Journals, Volume 2 (1877–1883). Edited by Frederick Anderson, Lin Salamo, and Bernard Stein. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

N&J3. 1979. Mark Twain’s Notebooks & Journals, Volume 3 (1883–1891). Edited by Robert Pack Browning, Michael B. Frank, and Lin Salamo. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

NAR 1. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—I. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (7 September): 321–30. Galley proofs of the “Introduction” only (NAR 1pf) at ViU.

NAR 2. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—II. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (21 September): 449–60. Galley proofs (NAR 2pf) at ViU.

NAR 3. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—III. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (5 October): 577–89. Galley proofs (NAR 3pf) at ViU.

NAR 4. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—IV. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (19 October): 705–16. Galley proofs (NAR 4pf) at ViU.

NAR 5. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—V. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (2 November): 833–44. Galley proofs (NAR 5pf) at ViU.

NAR 6. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—VI. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (16 November): 961–70. Galley proofs (NAR 6pf) at ViU.

NAR 7. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—VII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (7 December): 1089–95. Galley proofs (NAR 7pf) at ViU.

NAR 8. 1906. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—VIII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 183 (21 December): 1217–24. Galley proofs (NAR 8pf) at ViU.

NAR 9. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—IX. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (4 January): 1–14. Galley proofs (NAR 9pf) at ViU.

NAR 10. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—X. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (18 January): 113–19. Galley proofs (NAR 10pf) at ViU.

NAR 11. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XI. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (1 February): 225–32. Galley proofs (NAR 11pf) at ViU.

NAR 12. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (15 February): 337–46. Galley proofs (NAR 12pf) at ViU.

NAR 13. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XIII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (1 March): 449–63. Galley proofs (NAR 13pf) at ViU.

NAR 14. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XIV. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (15 March): 561–71.

NAR 15. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XV. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (5 April): 673–82. Galley proofs (NAR 15pf) at ViU.

NAR 16. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XVI. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (19 April): 785–93.

NAR 17. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XVII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 184 (3 May): 1–12. Galley proofs (NAR 17pf) at ViU.

NAR 18. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XVIII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 185 (17 May): 113–22.

NAR 19. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XIX. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 185 (7 June): 241–51. Galley proofs (NAR 19pf) at ViU.

NAR 20. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XX. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 185 (5 July): 465–74.

NAR 21. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography—XXI. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 185 (2 August): 689–98. Galley proofs (NAR 21pf) at ViU.

NAR 22. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XXII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 186 (September): 8–21.

NAR 23. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XXIII. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 186 (October): 161–73.

NAR 24. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XXIV. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 186 (November): 327–36. Galley proofs (NAR 24pf) at ViU.

NAR 25. 1907. “Chapters from My Autobiography.—XXV. By Mark Twain.” North American Review 186 (December): 481–94. Galley proofs (NAR 25pf) at ViU.

National Park Service. 2012. The Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System [online database]. http://www.nps.gov/civilwar/soldiers-and-sailors-database.htm. Accessed 11 July 2012.

NBolS. Marcella Sembrich Memorial Studio, Bolton Landing, N.Y.

Newark Census. 1880. Population Schedules of the Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. Roll T9. New Jersey: Essex County, Newark. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Nichols, Heidi L. 2004. The Fashioning of Middle-Class America: “Sartain’s Union Magazine of Literature and Art” and Antebellum Culture. New York: Peter Lang.

NjP-SC. Princeton University, Princeton Special Collection, Princeton, N.J.

NN-BGC. New York Public Library, Albert A. and Henry W. Berg Collection, New York, N.Y.

NNC. Columbia University, New York, N.Y.

NNPM. Pierpont Morgan Library, New York, N.Y.

“Nook Farm Genealogy.” 1974. TS by anonymous compiler, CtHSD.

NPV. Jean Webster McKinney Family Papers, Francis Fitz Randolph Rare Book Room, Vassar College Library, Poughkeepsie, N.Y.

NRivd2. Wave Hill House, Riverdale, Bronx, N.Y.

Ober, K. Patrick. 2003. Mark Twain and Medicine: “Any Mummery Will Cure.” Columbia: University of Missouri Press.

OC. Orion Clemens.

O’Connor, Richard. 1966. Bret Harte: A Biography. Boston: Little, Brown and Co.

Odell, George C. D. 1927–49. Annals of the New York Stage. 15 vols. New York: Columbia University Press.

OLC. Olivia (Livy) Langdon Clemens.

OLL. Olivia (Livy) Louise Langdon.

Orr, Charles. 1906. “An Unpublished Masterpiece.” Putnam’s Monthly and The Critic 1 (November): 250–51.

OSC (Olivia Susan [Susy] Clemens).

1885–86. Untitled biography of her father, MS of 131 pages, annotated by SLC, ViU. Published in OSC 1985, 83–225; in part in MTA, vol. 2, passim; and in Salsbury 1965, passim.

1985. Papa: An Intimate Biography of Mark Twain. Edited by Charles Neider. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co.

Oxenham, Erica. 1946. Scrap-Book of J. O. London: Longmans, Green and Co.

PAM. Pamela Ann Moffett.

P&P. 1979. The Prince and the Pauper. Edited by Victor Fischer and Lin Salamo with the assistance of Mary Jane Jones. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Parmet, Herbert S., and Marie B. Hecht. 1967. Aaron Burr: Portrait of an Ambitious Man. New York: Macmillan Company.

Patterson, Homer L. 1908. Patterson’s College and School Directory of the United States and Canada. Chicago: American Educational Company.

Payne, Darwin. 2007. “Literary Connections: Mark Twain, Katherine Anne Porter, William A. Owens, and Tennessee Williams.” Legacies: A History Journal for Dallas 19 (Spring): 40–51.

Peattie, Elia W. 1907. “Socialistic Romance with Haymarket Riot as Culmination.” Chicago Tribune, 16 March, 9.

Pforzheimer. Collection of Walter L. Pforzheimer.

Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart. 1964. The Gates Ajar. Edited by Helen Sootin Smith. The John Harvard Library. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

Phelps, Roswell F. 1941. “Sumner B. Pearmain, 1859–1941.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 36 (December): 545–46.

Phillips, Michael J. 1920. “Mark Twain’s Partner.” Saturday Evening Post 193 (11 September): 22–23, 69–70, 73–74.

Portsmouth Census. 1860. Population Schedules of the Eighth Census of the United States, 1860. Roll M653. New Hampshire: Rockingham County, Portsmouth Township. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Rasmussen, R. Kent.

2007. Critical Companion to Mark Twain: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work. 2 vols. New York: Facts on File.

2013. Dear Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Reece, John Holroyd. 1937. The Harvest: Being the Record of One Hundred Years of Publishing, 1837–1937. Leipzig: Tauchnitz.

Rees, Thomas. 1908. Sixty Days in Europe and What We Saw There. Springfield, Ill.: State Register Company.

Reynolds, Cuyler, ed. 1911. Hudson-Mohawk Genealogical and Family Memoirs. 4 vols. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company.

RGB/CL. 2011. “Essay on Chase’s ‘Little Lord Fauntleroy.’ ” Spanierman Gallery, New York. http://www.spanierman.com/Chase,-William-Merritt/essay/top/Essay. Accessed 10 March 2011.

Rhodes, James Ford. 1922. The McKinley and Roosevelt Administrations, 1897–1909. New York: Macmillan.

RI 1993. 1993. Roughing It. Edited by Harriet Elinor Smith, Edgar Marquess Branch, Lin Salamo, and Robert Pack Browning. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. This edition supersedes the one published in 1972. Also online at MTPO.

Rice, Clarence C. 1925. “Mark Twain’s Doctor Tells How Wit Won Humorist His Wife.” Boston Sunday Globe, 29 November, unknown page.

Rice, Edward Le Roy. 1911. Monarchs of Minstrelsy, from “Daddy” Rice to Date. New York: Kenny Publishing Company.

Richards, James Howard. 1983. “Music and the Reed Organ in the Life of Mark Twain.” American Music 1 (Fall): 38–47.

Richardson, John. 2001. The Sorcerer’s Apprentice: Picasso, Provence, and Douglas Cooper. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Richardson, Robert. 1893. Willow and Wattle: Poems. Edinburgh: John Grant.

Richmond Then and Now. 2011. “Richmond Theatre Fire.” http://richmondthenandnow.com/Newspaper-Articles/Richmond-Theatre-Fire.html. Accessed 5 August 2011.

Riverdale Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. New York: Bronx Borough, Riverdale. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Rocha, Guy. 2000. “Sell the Sizzle and Not the Steak: Mark Twain in Carson City.” http://nsla.nevadaculture.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=726&Itemid=418. Accessed 3 January 2012.

Rolfe, W. J. 1890. “The So-Called Gunther Autograph of Shakespeare.” The Critic (8 March): 117.

Rood, Henry Edward. 1895. “New York Letter.” Literary World 26 (6 April): 104–5.

Rose, William Ganson. 1950. Cleveland: The Making of a City. Cleveland: World Publishing Company.

Rossum, Ralph A. 2001. Federalism, the Supreme Court, and the Seventeenth Amendment: The Irony of Constitutional Democracy. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.

RPB-JH. Brown University, John Hay Library of Rare Books and Special Collections, Providence, R.I.

Rubin, Louis D. 1969. George W. Cable: The Life and Times of a Southern Heretic. New York: Pegasus.

Salm. Collection of Peter A. Salm.

Salsbury, Edith Colgate, ed. 1965. Susy and Mark Twain: Family Dialogues. New York: Harper and Row.

Samon, Jud. 1979. “Sagebrush Falstaff: A Biographical Sketch of James Warren Nye.” Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland.

San Francisco Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. California: San Francisco. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

San Francisco Mortality Schedules. 1870. U.S. Federal Census Mortality Schedules, 1850–1885. Roll T655. California: San Francisco. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Satre, Lowell J. 2005. Chocolate on Trial: Slavery, Politics, and the Ethics of Business. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Saturday Morning Club. 1976. One Hundred Years of the Saturday Morning Club of Hartford. Hartford: Saturday Morning Club.

Scharf, J. Thomas. 1883. History of St. Louis City and County, from the Earliest Periods to the Present Day. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Louis H. Everts and Co.

Scharnhorst, Gary.

1995. Bret Harte: A Bibliography. Scarecrow Author Bibliographies, no. 95. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press.

2000a. Bret Harte: Opening the American Literary West. Volume 17 in The Oklahoma Western Biographies, edited by Richard W. Etulain. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

2000b. “ ‘I Do Not Write This in Anger’: Bret Harte’s Letters to His Sister, 1871–93.” Resources for American Literary Study 26 (no. 2): 200–222.

2006. Mark Twain: The Complete Interviews. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

2010. “The ‘Lorio’ Letters to the St. Louis Daily Reveille: On Mark Twain, Minstrelsy, Mesmerism, and McDowell’s Cave.” Resources for American Literary Study 33:277–84.

Schmidt, Barbara.

2002. “Frank Fuller, The American, Revisited.” Twainian 58 (March): 1–3.

2009. “Mark Twain’s Angel-Fish Roster and Other Young Women of Interest.” http://www.twainquotes.com/angelfish/angelfish.html. Accessed 20 May 2009.

2010. “A History of and Guide to Uniform Editions of Mark Twain’s Works.” http://www.twainquotes.com/UniformEds/toc.html. Accessed 19 November 2010.

2011. “Mark Twain’s Juggernaut Club Correspondence—The Helene Picard Letters.” http://www.twainquotes.com/picard.html. Accessed 12 April 2011.

Schoenbaum, S. 1991. Shakespeare’s Lives. New ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Scott, Charles P. G. 1905. “A Declaration of Independence: A Promise as to Twelve Words.” N.p.

Seville, Catherine. 2006. The Internationalisation of Copyright Law: Books, Buccaneers and the Black Flag in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Shelden, Michael. 2010. Mark Twain, Man in White: The Grand Adventure of His Final Years. New York: Random House.

SLC (Samuel Langhorne Clemens).

1852a. “Blabbing Government Secrets!” Hannibal Weekly Journal, 16 September, 2.

1852b. “Editorial Agility.” Hannibal Weekly Journal, 16 September, 2.

1852c. “Historical Exhibition—A No. 1 Ruse.” Hannibal Weekly Journal, 16 September, 2. Reprinted in ET&S1, 78–82.

1852d. “ ‘Local’ Resolves to Commit Suicide.” Hannibal Weekly Journal, 16 September, 2. Reprinted in ET&S1, 72–75.

1852e. “Pictur’ Department.” Hannibal Weekly Journal, 16 September, 2. Reprinted in ET&S1, 72–74, 76–77.

1855–56. “Jul’us Caesar.” MS of fourteen pages on four folios, NPV. Published in ET&S1, 110–17.

1856a. “Correspondence.” Letter dated 18 October. Keokuk Saturday Post, 1 November, 4. Reprinted in SLC 1928, 3–16.

1856b. “Snodgrass’ Ride on the Railroad.” Letter dated 14 November. Keokuk Post, 29 November, 2, and Keokuk Saturday Post, 6 December, 4. Reprinted in SLC 1928, 19–33.

1857. “Snodgrass, in a Adventure.” Letter dated 14 March. Keokuk Post, 10 April, 2, and Keokuk Saturday Post, 18 April, 4. Reprinted in SLC 1928, 37–48.

1859. “River Intelligence.” New Orleans Crescent, 17 May, 7. Reprinted in ET&S1, 126–33.

1862a. “Letter from Carson City.” Letter dated 5 December. Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, 8? December, clipping in Scrapbook 1:60, CU-MARK. Reprinted in MTEnt,35–38.

1862b. “Letter from Carson City.” Letter dated 12 December. Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, 15? December, clipping in Scrapbook 1:60, CU-MARK. Reprinted in MTEnt,39–41.

1863a. “Letter from Carson City.” Letter dated “Saturday Night” (31? January). Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, 3? February, clipping in Scrapbook 4:11, CU-MARK. Reprinted in ET&S1, 192–98.

1863b. “Ye Sentimental Law Student.” Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, 19 February. Reprinted in ET&S1, 215–19.

1865a. “The Only Reliable Account of the Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.” MS of eleven leaves, written between 1 September and 16 October, NPV. Published in ET&S2, 262–78.

1865b. “The Cruel Earthquake.” Gold Hill News, 13 October, 2, reprinting the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise of 10–11 October. Reprinted in ET&S2, 289–93.

1865c. “Popper Defieth Ye Earthquake.” Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, 15–31 October, clipping in the Yale Scrapbook, CtY-BR, 38A–39. Reprinted in ET&S2, 294–96.

1865d. “Earthquake Almanac.” San Francisco Dramatic Chronicle, 17 October, 3. Reprinted in ET&S2, 297–99.

1865e. “Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog.” New York Saturday Press 4 (18 November): 248–49. Reprinted in ET&S2, 282–88.

1865f. “The Great Earthquake in San Francisco.” New York Weekly Review 16 (25 November): 5. Reprinted in ET&S2, 300–310.

1866a. “Letter from Honolulu.” Letter dated 25 June. Sacramento Union, 19 July, 1. Reprinted in MTH, 335–47.

1866b. “Forty-three Days in an Open Boat.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 34 (December): 104–13.

1867a. The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, and Other Sketches. Edited by John Paul. New York: C. H. Webb.

1867b. “Letter from ‘Mark Twain.’ ” Letter dated 16 April. San Francisco Alta California, 26 May, 1. Reprinted in MTTB, 141–48.

1867c. “Letter from ‘Mark Twain.’ ” Letter dated 17 May. San Francisco Alta California, 16 June, 1. Reprinted in MTTB, 167–79.

1868a. “Letter from Mark Twain.” Letter dated 2 May. Chicago Republican, 31 May, 2.

1868b. “Letter from Mark Twain.” Letter dated 17 August. Chicago Republican, 23 August, 2.

1869. The Innocents Abroad; or, The New Pilgrims’ Progress. Hartford: American Publishing Company.

1870a. “Disgraceful Persecution of a Boy.” Galaxy 9 (May): 722–24.

1870b. “Goldsmith’s Friend Abroad Again.” Galaxy 10 (October): 569–71.

1871. “Memoranda.” Galaxy 11 (April): 615–18. Includes: “Valedictory,” “My First Literary Venture,” “About a Remarkable Stranger.”

1873–74. The Gilded Age: A Tale of To-day. Charles Dudley Warner, coauthor. Hartford: American Publishing Company. [Early copies bound with 1873 title page, later ones with 1874 title page: see BAL, 2:3357.]

1876–85. “A Record of the Small Foolishnesses of Susie & ‘Bay’ Clemens (Infants).” MS of 111 pages, “begun in August 1876 at ‘Quarry Farm,’ ” ViU.

1877–78. “Some Rambling Notes of an Idle Excursion.” Atlantic Monthly 40 (October–December 1877): 443–47, 586–92, 718–24; Atlantic Monthly 41 (January 1878): 12–19.

1880a. [Date, 1601.] Conversation, as It Was by the Social Fireside, in the Time of the Tudors. [Cleveland: privately printed.]

1880b. A Tramp Abroad. Hartford: American Publishing Company.

1881. “—He is gone. . . .” Untitled piece in “The Contributors’ Club.” Atlantic Monthly 48 (November): 716–17.

1882a. Date 1601. Conversation, as It Was by the Social Fireside, in the Time of the Tudors. [West Point, N.Y.]: Done att Ye Academie Presse.

1882b. The Stolen White Elephant, Etc. Boston: James R. Osgood and Co.

1882c. “Twichell and the profane ostler.” MS of nineteen leaves, numbered 429–47, deleted by SLC from chapter 34 of Life on the Mississippi, CU-MARK. Published in MTE, 366–72, mistakenly identified as “one of the random pieces that preceded Mark’s sustained work on the Autobiography.”

1883. Life on the Mississippi. Boston: James R. Osgood and Co.

1884. “Taming the Bicycle.” MS of eighty leaves, NPV. Published in SLC 1917, 285–96.

1885a. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Charles L. Webster and Co.

1885b. “ ‘What Ought He to Have Done?’: Mark Twain’s Opinion.” Christian Union 32 (16 July): 4–5.

1887. “A Petition to the Queen of England.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 76 (December): 157–58. Reprinted in Budd 1992a, 922–26.

1888. Mark Twain’s Library of Humor. New York: Charles L. Webster and Co.

1891a. “Struwwelpeter or Happy Tales and Funny Pictures. Freely Translated by Mark Twain.” From the German of Heinrich Hoffmann. MS of twenty-six leaves, CtY-BR. Published in SLC 1935.

1891b. “Luck.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 83 (August): 407–9. Reprinted in SLC 1892a.

1892a. Merry Tales. New York: Charles L. Webster and Co.

1892b. The American Claimant. New York: Charles L. Webster and Co.

1892c. “The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson and the Comedy Those Extraordinary Twins.” MS of 124 leaves, NN-BGC, and MS of six leaves rejected from the longer MS, NNPM.

1895–96. “Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine 90 (April): 680–99; (May): 845–58; 91 (June): 82–94; (July) 227–39; (August): 456–67; (September): 543–55; (October): 743–53; (November): 879–94; 92 (December): 135–50; (January): 288–306; (February): 432–45; (March): 585–97; (April): 655–73.

1896. Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1897. “James Hammond Trumbull. The Tribute of a Neighbor.” Century Magazine 55 (November): 154–55.

1898. “My Platonic Sweetheart.” MS of fifty-eight leaves, written in July, CU-MARK. Published in Harper’s Monthly Magazine 126 (December 1912): 14–20 and Budd 1992b, 284–96.

1899a. “Samuel Langhorne Clemens.” MS of fourteen leaves, notes written in March for Samuel E. Moffett to use in preparing a biographical sketch, NN-BGC.

1899b. “Jean’s Illness.” Untitled MS of nine leaves, written 5 August, CU-MARK.

1899c. “Christian Science and the Book of Mrs. Eddy.” Cosmopolitan 27 (October): 585–94.

1901. “The Death-Disk.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 104 (December): 19–26.

1901–2a. “Footnotes to Susy’s Biography.” Untitled MS of thirty-two leaves, ViU.

1901–2b. Untitled MS of one leaf, excised from SLC 1901–2a (“Footnotes to Susy’s Biography”), CU-MARK.

1902a. “A Double-Barrelled Detective Story.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 104 (January–February): 254–70, 429–41.

1902b. “Does the Race of Man Love a Lord?” North American Review 174 (April): 433–44.

1902c. “Christian Science.” North American Review 175 (December): 756–68.

1902d. “Was It Heaven? Or Hell?” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 106 (December): 11–20.

1903a. “As Regards the Company’s Benevolences.” TS of four leaves, CU-MARK. Published in HHR, 533–34.

1903b. “Christian Science—II.” North American Review 176 (January): 1–9.

1903c. “Christian Science—III.” North American Review 176 (February): 173–84.

1903d. “Mrs. Eddy in Error.” North American Review 176 (April): 505–17.

1903e. “Why Not Abolish It?” Harper’s Weekly 47 (2 May): 732. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 550–53.

1903f. “A Dog’s Tale.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 108 (December): 11–19.

1905a. King Leopold’s Soliloquy: A Defense of His Congo Rule. Boston: P. R. Warren Company. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 661–86.

1905b. “Concerning Copyright. An Open Letter to the Register of Copyrights.” North American Review 180 (January): 1–8. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 627–34.

1905c. “The Czar’s Soliloquy.” North American Review 180 (March): 321–26.

1905d. “From My Unpublished Autobiography.” Harper’s Weekly 49 (18 March): 391. Reprinted as “Mark Twain Was Pioneer in Use of Typewriter,” Atlanta Constitution, 3 April, 6, and as “The First Writing-Machines” in SLC 1906f, 166–70.

1905e. “As Concerns Interpreting the Deity.” MS of thirty-two leaves and TS of twenty-four leaves, written in June and typed later in the summer, CU-MARK. Published in SLC 1917, 265–74, and WIM, 109–20.

1905f. “Christian Citizenship.” Collier’s, The National Weekly, 2 September, 17. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 658–60.

1906a. Eve’s Diary: Translated from the Original MS. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906b. Mark Twain’s Library of Humor: A Little Nonsense. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906c. Mark Twain’s Library of Humor: Men and Things. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906d. Mark Twain’s Library of Humor: The Primrose Way. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906e. Mark Twain’s Library of Humor: Women and Things. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906f. The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1906g. “William Dean Howells.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 113 (July): 221–25. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 722–30.

1906h. “A Horse’s Tale.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 113 (August–September): 327–42, 539–49.

1906i. “Statement of Mr. Samuel L. Clemens.” Speech made on 7 December before the Senate and House Committees on Patents. In U.S. Congress 1906, 116–21.

1906j. “Mark Twain Soliloquizes on ‘Being Good’ and Decides to Let ‘Good Enough’ Alone.” Harper’s Weekly 50 (15 December): 1790–91.

1907a. Christian Science, with Notes Containing Corrections to Date. New York: Harper and Brothers. Reprinted in WIM, 215–397.

1907b. A Horse’s Tale. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1907–8. “Extract from Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 116 (December 1907): 41–49; (January 1908): 266–76.

1909a. “A Simplified Alphabet.” MS of fifteen leaves, CU-MARK. Published in SLC 1917, 256–64.

1909b. Extract from Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1909c. Is Shakespeare Dead? From My Autobiography. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1910. “The Turning Point of My Life.” Harper’s Bazar 44 (February): 118–19. Reprinted in Budd 1992b, 929–38, and WIM, 455–64.

1916. The Mysterious Stranger: A Romance. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1917. What Is Man? And Other Essays. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1922a. “Unpublished Chapters from the Autobiography of Mark Twain: Part II.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 144 (March): 455–60.

1922b. “Unpublished Chapters from the Autobiography of Mark Twain.” Harper’s Monthly Magazine 145 (August): 310–15.

1923a. Europe and Elsewhere. With an appreciation by Brander Matthews and an introduction by Albert Bigelow Paine. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1923b. Mark Twain’s Speeches. With an introduction by Albert Bigelow Paine and an appreciation by William Dean Howells. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1928. The Adventures of Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass. Edited by Charles Honce, with a foreword by Vincent Starrett, and a note on “A Celebrated Village Idiot” by James O’Donnell Bennett. Chicago: Pascal Covici.

1935. Slovenly Peter (Struwwelpeter), or Happy Tales and Funny Pictures, Freely Translated by Mark Twain. From the German of Heinrich Hoffmann. New York: Harper and Brothers.

1939. Mark Twain’s Conversation as It Was by the Social Fireside in the Time of the Tudors. Embellished with an Illuminating Introduction, Facetious Footnotes and a Bibliography by Franklin J. Meine. Chicago: privately printed for the Mark Twain Society of Chicago.

1961. “Ah Sin.” A Dramatic Work by Mark Twain and Bret Harte. Edited by Frederick Anderson. San Francisco: Book Club of California.

1963. “Reflections on Religion.” Edited by Charles Neider. Hudson Review 16 (Autumn): 329–52.

1996a. Christian Science. Foreword by Shelley Fisher Fishkin. Introduction by Garry Wills. Afterword by Hamlin Hill. The Oxford Mark Twain. New York: Oxford University Press.

1996b. 1601, and Is Shakespeare Dead? Foreword by Shelley Fisher Fishkin. Introduction by Erica Jong. Afterword by Leslie A. Fiedler. The Oxford Mark Twain. New York: Oxford University Press.

1996c. The Stolen White Elephant and Other Detective Stories. Foreword by Shelley Fisher Fishkin. Introduction by Walter Mosley. Afterword by Lillian S. Robinson. The Oxford Mark Twain. New York: Oxford University Press.

2001. A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage. Foreword and afterword by Roy Blount, Jr. New York: W. W. Norton and Co.

2002. “Copyright in Perpetuity.” The Green Bag, 2d ser., 6 (Autumn): 109–15.

2004. Mark Twain’s Helpful Hints for Good Living: A Handbook for the Damned Human Race. Edited by Lin Salamo, Victor Fischer, and Michael B. Frank. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

2007. Mark Twain’s Civil War. Edited by David Rachels. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.

2009a. Who Is Mark Twain? Edited, with a note on the text, by Robert H. Hirst. New York: HarperStudio.

2009b. “Hell or San Francisco: In Which the Author Recalls the ‘Great Earthquake of 1865’ in the Wake of a Much Greater One in 1906.” California 120 (March–April): 28–29.

2009c. “The Prince and the President: In Which the Author Recalls Meetings with Edward, Prince of Wales and Ulysses S. Grant.” California 120 (March–April): 43–46.

2010a. Mark Twain’s Book of Animals. Edited by Shelley Fisher Fishkin. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

2010b. “The Palm Readers.” Playboy 57 (December): 84–86.

Smiles, Samuel. 1857. The Life of George Stephenson, Railway Engineer. London: John Murray.

Smith, Jean Edward. 2001. Grant. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Social Register. 1902. Social Register, Summer 1902. New York: Social Register Association.

Sondhaus, Lawrence. 2002. Navies of Europe, 1815–2002. London: Longman.

Sotheby. 2003. The Mark Twain Collection of Nick Karanovich. Sale of 19 June. New York: Sotheby and Co.

Spears, John R. 1908. A History of the United States Navy. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

Staver, Addie Johnstone, comp. 1938. “Marriage Records. Copy of the Original Records of Marriage by Rev. Thomas K. Beecher of Park Church, Elmira, New York, from 1854 to 1900.” Copied for Chemung Chapter of Daughters of the American Revolution. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Stead, William T. 1895. “Character Reading by Palmistry and Otherwise.” Borderland 2 (January): 60–64.

Stedman, Edmund Clarence, and Ellen Mackay Hutchinson, comps. and eds. 1888–90. A Library of American Literature from the Earliest Settlement to the Present Time. 11 vols. New York: Charles L. Webster and Co.

Stern, Madeleine B.

1969. “Mark Twain Had His Head Examined.” American Literature 41 (May): 207–18.

1971. Heads and Headlines: The Phrenological Fowlers. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Stewart, A. A., comp. 1912. The Printer’s Dictionary of Technical Terms. Boston: School of Printing, North End Union.

Stewart, George R., Jr. 1931. Bret Harte: Argonaut and Exile. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Stoneley, Peter. 1992. Mark Twain and the Feminine Aesthetic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Suetonius Tranquillus, C. 1876. The Lives of The Twelve Cæsars. By C. Suetonius Tranquillus; to Which Are Added, His Lives of the Grammarians, Rhetoricians, and Poets. Translated by Alexander Thomson. Revised and corrected by T. Forester. Bohn’s Classical Library. London: George Bell and Sons. SLC copy in CU-MARK.

Swiderski, Richard M. 2009. Calomel in America: Mercurial Panacea, War, Song and Ghosts. Boca Raton: BrownWalker Press.

Tannenbaum, Samuel A. 1927. Problems in Shakspere’s Penmanship: Including a Study of the Poet’s Will. New York: Century Company, for the Modern Language Association of America.

Teller, Charlotte. 1925. S.L.C. to C.T. New York: privately printed.

Tennyson, Alfred. 1842. Poems. 2 vols. London: Edward Moxon.

Terry, Ellen. 1908. The Story of My Life: Recollections and Reflections. New York: McClure Company.

Thieme, Otto Charles, et al. 1993. With Grace and Favour: Victorian and Edwardian Fashion in America. Cincinnati: Cincinnati Art Museum.

Thomas, Joseph D., and Jay Avila, eds. 2003. A Picture Postcard History of Fairhaven. New Bedford: Spinner Publications.

Thompson, Slason. 1907. Railway Statistics of the United States of America for the Year Ending June 30, 1906. Compared with the Official Reports of 1905 and Recent Statistics of Foreign Railways. Chicago: Gunthorp-Warren Printing Company.

Timlow, Heman R. 1875. Ecclesiastical and Other Sketches of Southington, Conn. Hartford: Case, Lockwood and Brainard Company.

Towner, Ausburn [Ishmael, pseud.]. 1892. Our County and Its People: A History of the Valley and County of Chemung from the Closing Years of the Eighteenth Century. Syracuse, N.Y.: D. Mason and Co.

Trevelyan, G. Otto. 1876. The Life and Letters of Lord Macaulay. 2 vols. London: Longmans, Green and Co.

Trombley, Laura Skandera. 2010. Mark Twain’s Other Woman: The Hidden Story of His Final Years. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

TS. Typescript.

TS. 1980. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; Tom Sawyer Abroad; and Tom Sawyer, Detective. Edited by John C. Gerber, Paul Baender, and Terry Firkins. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Tuckey, John S. 1963. Mark Twain and Little Satan. West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Studies.

Turner, Arlin. 1956. George Washington Cable: A Biography. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.

Twichell, Joseph H. 1874–1916. “Personal Journal.” MS of twelve volumes, Joseph H. Twichell Collection, CtY-BR.

TxU-Hu. Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, University of Texas, Austin.

UkBrH. Brighton and Hove Libraries, Rare Books and Special Collections, Hove, Sussex, England.

UkOxU. Oxford University, Bodleian Library, Oxford, England.

UkReU. University of Reading Library, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, England.

Union League Club. 1916. The Union League Club of New York. New York: Knickerbocker Press (G. P. Putnam’s Sons).

University Art Galleries. 1985. A Circle of Friends: Art Colonies of Cornish and Dublin. Durham: University Art Galleries, University of New Hampshire.

U.S. and International Marriage Records. 2011. U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560–1900 [online database]. http://ancestry.com. Accessed 4 August 2011.

U.S. Army Center of Military History. 2011. “U.S. Army Five-Star Generals.” http://www.history.army.mil/html/faq/5star.html. Accessed 21 January 2011.

U.S. Congress. 1906. Copyright Hearings, December 7 to 11, 1906. Arguments before the Committees on Patents of the Senate and House of Representatives, Conjointly, on the Bills S. 6330 and H.R. 19853. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.

U.S. Government Printing Office.

1884. Exercises at the Ceremony of Unveiling the Statue of John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States, in Front of the Capitol, Washington, May 10, 1884. . . . With the Proceedings of the Philadelphia Bar Relating to the Monument to Chief Justice Marshall. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.

1906. Simplified Spelling. For the Use of Government Departments. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.

U.S. National Archives and Records Administration.

1795–1905. Passport Applications. Microfilm Serial: M1372. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

1877–1907. Emergency Passport Applications (Passports Issued Abroad). Microfilm Serial: M1834. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

1907–9. Fentress Land Co. et al. v. Bruno Gernt et al. Civil Case No. 967, Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern Division of the Eastern District of Tennessee, Southeast Region Archives, Morrow, Ga.

Varble, Rachel M. 1964. Jane Lampton Clemens: The Story of Mark Twain’s Mother. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Co.

Vining, E. P. 1887. “The Gunther Folio and Autograph.” Shakespeariana 4:154–59.

ViU. University of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Vogel, Dan. 2006. Mark Twain’s Jews. Jersey City, N.J.: KTAV Publishing House.

VtMiM. Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vt.

Wakeman, Edgar. 1878. The Log of an Ancient Mariner. Being the Life and Adventures of Captain Edgar Wakeman. Edited by Minnie Wakeman-Curtis. San Francisco: A. L. Bancroft and Co.

Wakeman, Robert P. 1900. Wakeman Genealogy. 1630–1899. Meriden, Conn.: Journal Publishing Company.

Waltz, Robert B., and David G. Engle. 2011. “The Traditional Ballad Index: An Annotated Bibliography of the Folk Songs of the English-Speaking World.” http://www.csufresno.edu/folklore/BalladSearch.html. Accessed 21 March 2011.

Washington Census. 1900. Population Schedules of the Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Roll T623. Washington: District of Columbia. Photocopy in CU-MARK.

Watson, Aaron. 1907. The Savage Club: A Medley of History, Anecdote and Reminiscence . . . With a Chapter by Mark Twain. London: T. Fisher Unwin.

Watson, Thomas A. 1926. Exploring Life. The Autobiography of Thomas A. Watson. New York: D. Appleton and Co.

Wave Hill. 2011. “A Brief History of Wave Hill: 1843–1903.” http://wavehill.org/about/history.html. Accessed 8 March 2011.

W.C.T.U.

1913. Report of the Ninth Convention of the World’s Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. N.p.

2011. “Early History.” http://www.wctu.org/earlyhistory.html. Accessed 17 August 2011.

Wecter, Dixon.

1941. “Mark Twain as Translator from the German.” American Literature 13 (November): 257–63.

1952. Sam Clemens of Hannibal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, Riverside Press.

Weidenaar, Reynold. 1995. Magic Music from the Telharmonium. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press.

Wheeler, Candace. 1918. Yesterdays in a Busy Life. New York: Harper and Brothers.

White, Andrew Dickson. 1905. Autobiography of Andrew Dickson White. 2 vols. New York: Century Company.

White, Horatio S. 1925. Willard Fiske, Life and Correspondence: A Biographical Study. New York: Oxford University Press.

Whitford, Noble E. 1906. History of the Canal System of the State of New York Together with Brief Histories of the Canals of the United States and Canada: Supplement to the Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor of the State of New York for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905. 2 vols. Albany: Brandow Printing Company.

Wilbor, Elsie M., ed. 1887. Werner’s Directory of Elocutionists, Readers, Lecturers and Other Public Instructors and Entertainers. New York: Edgar S. Werner.

Wilson, James Grant, and John Fiske, eds. 1887–89. Appletons’ Cyclopaedia of American Biography. 6 vols. New York: D. Appleton and Co.

Wilson, John. 1973. CB: A Life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. London: Constable and Co.

WIM. 1973. What Is Man? And Other Philosophical Writings. Edited by Paul Baender. The Works of Mark Twain. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Winship, Michael. 2012. “Uncle Tom’s Cabin: History of the Book in the 19th-Century United States.” http://utc.iath.virginia.edu/interpret/exhibits/winship/winship.html. Accessed 14 February 2012.

Woolsey, Sarah Chauncey [Susan Coolidge, pseud.]. 1906. Last Verses. Boston: Little, Brown, and Co.

Wuliger, Robert. 1953. “Mark Twain on King Leopold’s Soliloquy.” American Literature 25 (May): 234–37.

WWD. 1967. Mark Twain’s Which Was the Dream? and Other Symbolic Writings of the Later Years. Edited by John S. Tuckey. The Mark Twain Papers. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

Yale Alumni Directory. 1920. Alumni Directory of Yale University (Graduates and Non-graduates). Compiled by Lottie G. Bishop. New Haven: Yale University.

Yandell, L. P. 1838. “Louisville Medical Institute.” American Medical Intelligencer 2 (2 April): 14.

Young, John Russell. 1892. “More Than Eloquent. John Russell Young Tells of Thirty Years’ Friendship with Daniel Dougherty the Orator.” Pittsburgh (Pa.) Dispatch, 18 September, 9.

Boldfaced page numbers indicate principal identifications or short biographies. All literary works are by Clemens unless otherwise noted: his major writings are listed only by title; the minor ones are listed both by title and under “Clemens, Samuel Langhorne: works.” Other literary works are found only under their authors’ names. Place names are indexed only when they refer to locations SLC lived in, visited, or commented upon. Newspapers are listed by city, other periodicals by title. Bullets (•) designate people and places represented in the photographs following page 300.

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L

M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

Adams, Charles Follen, 153, 534

Adams, Maude, 475, 564–65

Ade, George, 152, 534

Adelaide (clipper ship), 549

“The Adventures of a Microbe” (“Three Thousand Years Among the Microbes”), 196, 552

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: banned by libraries, 28, 29–33, 473–76; contract and publication, 58–59, 492–93, 651; deleted passages, 273, 580; inspiration for, 332; mesmerist episode considered, 590; Mississippi River description, 477; praised, 30–31, 33, 265, 347, 475, 477, 577; praised by SLC, 355; sales and royalties, 59, 528; shooting episode, 590

characters: Mary Jane Wilks, 356, 609; prototypes, 626, 653–54; SLC’s defense of Huck, 30–31, 476

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer: banned by libraries, 28, 29–33, 473–76; composition, 196, 446, 551–52, 645; inspiration for, 332; prototypes for characters, 626, 653–54; publication, 53, 599, 641, 650; readers’ responses, 16, 33; whitewashing fence episode, 317, 321, 596

African Americans: Helen Keller’s playmate, 414–15; political events, 472; Quarry Farm servants, 542; servant of Speakers of the House, 319, 598; Wakeman’s execution of, 192–93, 549. See also Lewis, John T.; Minstrel shows

Ah Sin (SLC and Harte): collaboration, 419–20, 632–34; lead actor, 423, 636; reviews, 633–34; SLC’s opinion, 633–34

Aircraft, 360–61, 612

Albigenses, 134, 524

•Alden, Henry Mills, 230–31, 562

•Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 318, 339, 353, 485, 609

Alexander, Charles B., 493

Alexander the Great, 330

Alexander and Green (law firm), 59, 493. See also Whitford, Daniel

Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia; pope), 134, 525

Alfonso Carlos (prince of Bourbon and Austria-Este), 98, 507

Allen, Jennie. See Donworth, Grace

Alonzo Child (steamboat), 405

Alston, Theodosia Burr (Aaron Burr’s daughter), 359, 610–11

Ament, Joseph P., 561, 649

America (steamboat), 549

American Bible Society, 499

The American Claimant, 553

American Copyright League, 317–18, 584–85, 597

American Missionary Society, 297

American News Company, 48, 49–50, 485

American Philological Association, 581

American Publishers’ Copyright League, 597

American Publishing Company (Hartford): directors and staff, 48, 52–53, 486, 488–89, 492; Grant’s Personal Memoirs, 61–62; Harpers’ agreement, 160, 539; Harte’s contract, 421, 634–35; Richardson’s books, 486; rights to SLC’s books, 143, 160, 528; SLC’s contracts and disputes, 49–53, 143, 147, 487–88, 527–28; SLC’s split from, 52–53, 488–89. See also Bliss, Elisha, Jr., and Bliss, Francis E.

publication of slc’s works: Following the Equator, 504, 651; The Gilded Age, 53, 650; Huckleberry Finn (considered), 492–93; The Innocents Abroad, 48–51, 53, 486–88, 650; Mark Twain’s Sketches, New and Old, 53, 650; Pudd’nhead Wilson, 651; Roughing It, 50–51, 53, 143, 147, 488, 527–28, 641, 650; Tom Sawyer, 53, 650; A Tramp Abroad, 51–52, 488, 651

“The American Vandal Abroad,” 48, 486, 608, 650

Angels Camp, 484, 621, 650

Anna (Jean’s maid), 511

Anne (queen of England), 339–40, 605

Appleton, William H., 506, 597

Appleton, William Worthen, 317, 597

Army and Navy Stores, 450–52, 647

Army of the Tennessee, 70, 181, 496

Arthur, Chester A., 70

Arthur (king), 218, 307

“As Concerns Interpreting the Deity,” 363–70, 613–15

Ashcroft, Ralph W., 652, 655

Associated Press: on Clara’s début, 243, 568; on Jessamy Harte, 427; SLC’s speech at banquet, 245–46, 274–77, 563–64, 569; on Thaw case, 454

Astrology, 226, 558–59

Atlantic Monthly: editors and publishers, 353, 521, 548, 554, 609; Harte’s writing, 120, 521; Hale’s writing, 636; SLC’s writing, 353, 489, 549, 551, 609, 611

“At the Farm,” 557

Audubon, John James, 413, 629

Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein (empress of Prussia), 432

Augustus (Gaius Octavius; emperor of Rome), 365, 614

Austria: dueling, 98, 507; Clemenses’ stay in Marienbad, 227–28, 559; Clemenses’ stay in Kaltenleutgeben, 602, 651. See also Vienna

Autobiography (SLC): daily dictation time, 621; remarks about form and content, 12, 127, 162, 172, 229–30, 243, 522, 640; written as from the grave, 68–69, 116, 121, 153, 158, 169–70, 172, 344, 357, 430, 522. See also Florentine Dictations; “Chapters from My Autobiography”

B., Mr. (unidentified), 304–6

Babyhood (periodical), 600

Backus, Charles, 293–94, 588

Bacon, Charles P., 36–37, 479–80

Bacon, Francis, 155, 333

Bacon, H. D., 550

Bahamas, 455, 648

Bailey, James Montgomery (“Danbury News Man”), 153, 534

Bancker, G., 588

Bangs, John Kendrick, 510

Bar Association of Philadelphia, 308–9, 592

Barber, Joseph (“Disbanded Volunteer”), 153, 534–35

Barbour, Thomas S., 461–62

Barnard College, 15, 17, 466

Barnes, Benjamin F.: appointed postmaster, 3, 6–8, 11–12, 460; Morris incident, 3, 7–9, 11–12, 457–58, 460

Barnes, George Eustace, 114–17

Barr, Robert, 552–53

Barret, Richard Aylett, 610

Barret, Richard Ferril (called Dr. Gwynn), 358, 610

Barrett, Lawrence, 330, 601, 637

Barrie, J. M., 30, 475

Bartlett, Matthew Henry, 536

Bartlett Tower (Talcott Mountain), 156, 536

Bateman, Seth, 622

Bateman’s Point resort (Newport, R.I.), 385–87, 622

Bay. See Clemens, Clara Langdon

Bayer and Company, 502

Bay State Belting Company, 483

Beale, Edward Fitzgerald (Ned), 218, 556, 557

Beard, Dan, 526

Beardsley, Lillian Robinson, 189–90, 547

•Beckwith, James Carroll, 251, 573

Beecher, Catharine, 643

Beecher, Henry Ward: family, 501, 574, 626; proposed autobiography, 501; scandal and trial, 253, 501, 573–74; work: Life of Jesus, the Christ, 77, 500–501

Beecher, William, 574

Beef Trust, 116, 515

Belgium. See Leopold II

Bell, Alexander Graham, 56–57, 491–92, 586

Benedict, Frank Lee, 346, 606

Benjamin, Anne Engle Rogers, 622

Benjamin, William Evarts, 387, 389, 504, 622

Bentley, George, 633

Berlin: Clemenses’ visits, 82, 157, 310, 315–16, 432–33, 536, 555, 584, 596, 655; SLC’s dinner with Wilhelm II, 310–12, 315, 431–34, 593–95; SLC’s illness, 432, 593–94

Berlin disaster (1907), 437–44

•Bermuda, 359–63, 611–12, 652

Bermudian (ship), 611

Bernard, William H., 588

Bethune, George W., 563

Bible: copyright, 291, 341, 587; corrupting influence on children, 30, 135; Natick translation, 412–13, 628–29; school opened with reading, 178; stories shared with other religions, 130–31, 522–23; unreliable as evidence, 131–32, 140–41; Wakeman’s explanation of miracles, 192, 194–95; mentioned, 109, 236, 360, 374. See also Christianity; Eve’s Diary; God

references: “After a time, and half a time . . .” (Revelation), 54, 489; “Ask and ye shall receive” (Matthew), 178; Decalogue (Ten Commandments), 337, 605; Elijah and prophets of Baal (1 Kings), 551; “The end is not yet” (Matthew), 313, 595; “feeding of the five thousand” (Matthew), 102, 509; “Golden Rule” (Matthew), 130, 522; “how beautiful are the feet . . . gospel of peace” (Romans), 134, 524; “seventy times seven times” (Matthew), 129, 522; “sufficient unto the day” (Matthew), 337, 605; Noah’s flood (Genesis), 54, 130, 489, 523; “the voice . . . heard in the land” (Song of Solomon), 335, 604

Bierce, Ambrose, 118, 517

Bicycling (SLC), 258–59, 575

•Billiards, 53, 149, 161, 346, 377–85, 619–22

Billings, Josh (Henry Wheeler Shaw), 153, 485, 534

Birch, William (Billy), 293–94, 588

Bismarck, Otto von, 310, 594

Bixby, Horace E., 58, 238, 492, 566, 649

“Blabbing Government Secrets,” 561

Blamire, Joseph, 641

Blind, associations for, 32, 477, 582. See also Keller, Helen

“Blindfold Novelette” (planned by SLC and Howells), 548

•Bliss, Elisha, Jr.: characterized by SLC, 50, 52, 54, 60; death, 52; “swindles” SLC, 50–53, 143, 147, 527–28; A Tramp Abroad published, 51–52, 488. See also American Publishing Company

•Bliss, Francis E., 52, 62, 143–44, 489, 528

B’nai B’rith, 608

Boardman, Douglass, 479–80

Boer War (second, 1899–1902), 137–38, 526, 543

Bohn’s Classical Library, 365–66, 614

Bok, Edward, 446, 644

Boker, George H., 601

Bonaparte, Napoleon, 364, 613

Book of Common Prayer, 587

Book of Mormon, 247, 571

Booth, Edwin, 348, 607

Booth, Etta, 24–25, 471

Booth, Lucius A., 24, 471

Borderland (periodical), 604, 624

Borgia, Rodrigo (Pope Alexander VI), 134, 525

Boston (Mass.): courteous cabmen, 362; pedestrian excursion, 380, 620, 643; press dinner, 256; SLC’s visits, 445, 495,

Boston (Mass.) (continued)
586, 643; typewriter purchased, 445–46, 643–44

Boston Carpet-Bag, 561

Boston Journal, 568

Boston Lyceum Bureau. See Redpath, James

Boswell, James, 570

Boucicault, Dion, 637

Bowen, Barton S., 561

Bowen, William, 405

Bowers, H. C., 490

Bowker, Richard R., 317, 319, 597–98

Bowling, 380–81, 385–87

Bowser, Wattie, 532

Boyle, B. Butler, 213

Braid, James, 591–92

Bridgman, Laura, 582

Briggs, Charles Augustus, 131, 523–24

Bristol, Frank M. (Rev. Mr. X.), 410–12, 628

British Congo Reform Association, 529

British Empire: Anglo-Saxon superiority, 225–27; Boer War (second), 137–38, 526, 543; wars and depredations in name of Christianity, 134–35, 525. See also Great Britain

British Inland Revenue Office, 179–80, 545

British Parliament: and copyright law, 288–90, 291, 586–87; SLC’s testimony, 290–92, 338–41, 587

Brooklyn Magazine, 644

Brooklyn Public Library, Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer banned, 28–33, 473–76

Brown, John (doctor), 551–52

Brown, John (“Ossawatomie”; abolitionist), 255–56, 574–75

Brown, John Hay, 595

Brown, William, 150, 532

Browne, Charles Farrar (Artemus Ward), 46, 153, 484–85

Browne, Ross, 553

Bruce, Sarah Charlotte, 559

Brush, George de Forest, 200, 203, 214–15, 553, 555

Buckland, Francis Trevelyan, 435, 642

Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 72–73, 497

Buddhism, 130, 131, 523

Buffalo (N.Y.), 650, 653–54

Buffalo Courier, 536

Buffalo Express, 550, 650

Bunce, Edward M., 346

Bundy, Horace L., 602

Bunker Hill battle and monument, 257, 373, 616

Burdette, Robert J., 153, 534

Burke, William, 235, 563

Burr, Aaron, 359, 610–11

Burton, Joseph R., 387, 622–23

Bushwhackers, 575

Butters, Henry A., 393, 399, 625

Byrd, C. O., 533

Cable, Eva Colegate Stevenson, 603

Cable, George W.: author’s reading, 554; reading tour with SLC, 59, 66, 165, 333–34, 493, 539, 591, 651; second marriage, 334, 603

Cable, Louise Stewart Bartlett, 603

Cacography (and semiliterate letters as literature): from Higbie to SLC, 182–83, 188–89; from Jennie Allen to Stockbridge, 191–92, 246–47, 276–77, 548, 570; from Page to Helen Keller, 413–15, 629–30; from and about the “western girl,” 121–27, 521–22; from Wakeman to Twichell, 192, 195, 413. See also Clemens, Olivia Susan, biography of SLC

Cadwalader, John, 308–9, 592

Caesar, Julius, 71–72

Cahill, Thaddeus, 645

Caldwell, Samuel L., 16, 465

California. See Angels Camp; Jackass Hill; San Francisco

Californian (periodical): contributors, 118; Harte’s editing and writing, 118, 484, 517; replaced by Overland Monthly, 520; SLC’s writing, 485, 562, 650; Webb’s founding and editing, 46, 484

Caligula, 128

Cambridge University Press, 587

Camp, Herman, 20–21, 468

Campbell, William Wilfred, 376–77, 618–19

Campbell-Bannerman, Henry, 227–28, 559, 560

Cannon, Joseph Gurney, 319, 598

Caprell, Madame (fortune teller), 404–8, 627

Caprivi, Georg Leo von, 310–11, 594

“Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven,” 193–95, 269, 549–51

Carleton, George B., 46–47, 484–85

Carlyle, Thomas, 304, 591, 599

Carnegie, Andrew: dinner with SLC, 334; letters from SLC, 172–73, 541, 603; philanthropy, 172, 541, 554, 578; and Simplified Spelling (as “Croesus”), 266, 273, 578, 580; wealth, 116, 266, 578

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 541

Carnegie Hall: SLC’s “The Death-Disk,” 105–6, 510; SLC’s speech for Robert Fulton Memorial Association, 14, 15, 59, 465; SLC’s speech for Tuskegee Institute, 8, 460–62

Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, 172, 541

Carnegie Mellon University, 541

Carson City (Nev.): SLC’s and Orion’s journey to, 458, 480, 649; SLC’s and Orion’s residence, 5–6, 21, 458–59, 469; SLC’s reportage of Territorial Legislature, 5, 239, 458, 567

Carvalho, Charles T. (court interpreter), 114, 514

Case, Newton, 52–53, 488

Casey, Margaret (Peggy; SLC’s mother’s mother), 409, 627

Castelhun, Maida, 15, 465

Catholic Church, 134, 145–46, 523–24

Catskill Mountains. See Onteora Park

Cayvan, Georgia, 277–78, 581

The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, and Other Sketches: attempt to destroy plates, 49, 487, 608; authorized English edition, 641; contract dispute, 49–50, 487–88; pirated edition, 641; price and sales, 48, 49, 485, 487; publication, 47–48, 485, 650; title story, 46–47, 230, 484–85, 562, 650

Cellini, Benvenuto, 12, 463

Censorship: Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer banned from libraries, 28, 29–33, 473–76

Central Africa. See Congo

Century Company, 60–63, 280, 500

Century Magazine: contributors, 61–62, 568, 576, 607, 619; editors, 317, 494, 597; SLC’s writing, 629

articles: Campbell’s “Love,” 619; Grant’s Civil War articles, 61–62; Howells’s Silas Lapham serialized, 607; SLC’s tribute to Trumbull, 629; Stockton’s “His Wife’s Deceased Sister,” 576

Chace, Jonathan, 283, 584

Chace Bill, 283–84, 584, 597

Champollion, Jean François, 363, 365, 613

“Chapters from My Autobiography” (North American Review), 404, 463, 469, 522, 618, 620, 626–27, 652, 656–60

Charades, 164–65, 333

Charcot, Jean-Martin, 304–5, 591, 592

Charles I (king of England), 595

Charles II (king of England), 409, 605, 627

Charles L. Webster and Company: book acquisitions and rejections: 76–78, 494, 499–503, 583; bookkeeper’s embezzlement, 73–76, 498–99; failure, 78–80, 158–59, 162, 493, 498, 500, 504–5, 538, 651; general agent’s default, 76, 499; Olivia as creditor, 79, 159, 654; organization and offices, 57–59, 64–66, 76, 78, 492–95, 500, 502–3, 651. See also Hall, Frederick J.; Webster, Charles L.

works published: Custer’s Tenting on the Plains, 500, 571–72; Cox’s Diversions of a Diplomat, 598; Crawford’s The Genesis of the Civil War, 500; Grant’s Personal Memoirs, 63–65, 69, 71, 73–76, 493–94, 497–99, 505, 574; McClellan’s Own Story, 500; Sheridan’s Personal Memoirs, 500; SLC’s books, 58–59, 77, 492–93, 501, 528, 530, 534, 651; Stedman’s Library of American Literature, 78, 503–4; The Idler (periodical; distributor), 553

Charlotte (laundress), 542

Chase, William Merritt, 272, 580

Chatterton, Thomas, 247, 570

Chatto, Andrew, 179

Chatto and Windus, 545–46, 641

Chaucer, Geoffrey, 277

Chaykovsky, Nikolai, 564

“The Chicago G.A.R. Festival,” 546

Chicago (Ill.): banquet for Grant, 70–71, 181, 252, 255, 573; “School of Fiction,” 534

Chicago Republican, 549–50

Chicago Tribune, 252, 556, 573

Chickering Hall (N.Y.), 60, 202–3, 494, 554

“Children’s Record.” See “A Record of the Small Foolishnesses of Susy & ‘Bay’ Clemens (Infants)”

Childs, George W., 63–64

China, 13, 465

Chincha Islands, 192–93, 549

Choate, Joseph H.: at benefits with SLC, 8, 32, 259; 460, 477, 572; at Fourth of July banquet, 157, 345, 537; handsomeness, 161; on privileges of age, 250

“Christian Citizenship,” 353, 609

Christianity: “automatic,” 292–93; as cause of wars and depredations, 132–35, 524; demise, 135–36; futility of prayer, 138, 178, 526; 545; modern vs. medieval, 306–7; minister’s heresy, 131, 523–24; virgin birth/divinity of Jesus, 131–32, 140–42, 523–24. See also Bible; Christian Science; God; Morality; Religion

denominations: Catholics, 134, 145–46, 523–24; Congregationalists, 253, 465, 488, 574, 576, 615; Dunker Baptists, 173–75, 543; Episcopalians, 131, 523; Mormons, 247, 571; Presbyterians, 117, 131, 175, 462, 468, 523–24

Christian Science (Church of Christ, Scientist): believers characterized, 132, 136, 247; SLC’s writings, 144–45, 525–26, 528–29, 643, 652; tenets, 343, 525, 571, 602

“Christian Science” (articles), 144, 525–26, 528

Christian Science (book), 144–45, 526, 528–29, 643, 652

Christian Union (periodical), 270, 327–29, 600–601

Christy, E. P., and minstrel troupe, 296–97, 588

“The Chronicle of Young Satan,” 530, 552

Church of the Brethren (Dunkers), 173–75, 543

City Missionary Society (Hartford). See Hawley, David

Civil War (1861–65): beginning, 616; Hale’s “Man without a Country,” 424, 636; Mississippi River steamboats shut down, 238; Nast’s illustrations, 462; pensions for veterans, 371–74, 387, 431–32, 615–17; Sherman’s march through Georgia, 302, 591; SLC’s service, 649; unprofitable books about, 76, 500. See also Grand Army of the Republic; Grant, Ulysses S.

battles: Bunker Hill, 373, 616; First Bull Run, 265–66, 578; Fort Donelson, 73, 497

Clairvoyance. See Fortune telling and divination

Clapp, Henry, Jr., 47, 485

Clark, Charles Hopkins, 146, 501, 520. See also Mark Twain’s Library of Humor

Clark, Marshall (Professor Niblo), 391–93, 396, 624

Clark, William A., 387–89, 410, 622–23

•Clemens, Clara Langdon (Bay; SLC’s daughter): biographical information, 650, 654, 655; characteristics, 99, 103, 224–25, 240–41, 309, 328, 332; friendships, 466, 473, 508–9, 569, 579; SLC’s difficulty in remembering face, 270; and SLC’s writing, 152, 328–29, 343–44, 353; mentioned, 542, 609

childhood: accidents, illnesses, and injuries, 240, 242, 309–10, 331, 568, 593; 602; education (general), 218, 310, 654–55; education (musical), 603; family pets, 217–18, 224; Harris’s visit, 260; Kipling’s visit, 175; “mark twain” call, 357; mind cure, 342, 602; Olivia’s discipline, 327–28; playacting English history, 333; playacting The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 331, 602; solitaire playing, 331; tennis playing, 218. See also Clemens family amusements

later years: around-the-world trip, 79, 81, 162, 244, 504, 651, 654–55; as Christian Scientist, 526; correspondence, 151–52, 509, 547; daughter, 655; Fifth Avenue house selection, 23; gift of SLC’s papers, 699; health, 569, 655; letters from SLC, 506, 547; lying, 99–107, 509; marriages, 509, 652, 655; music studies, 224, 240, 509, 567–68, 655; as Olivia’s nurse, 99–107, 509; opinion of SLC’s speaking, 244–45; praises SLC and Olivia, 152, 654; relationship with SLC, 243–45; singing career, 224, 235, 240, 243–44, 567–68, 655; telephone conversation, 199

works: Awake to a Perfect Day, 526; My Father, Mark Twain, 655

Clemens, Henry (SLC’s brother), 150, 237, 532, 649, 653

Clemens, James Ross (SLC’s second cousin), 11, 463

•Clemens, Jane Lampton (SLC’s mother): biographical information, 653; ancestors, 409, 627; belief in mesmerism, 302–4; characteristics, 358, 393, 406, 545, 653; children, 402, 649; Clemenses’ visits, 356–58, 591; comforts SLC, 178; death and funeral, 25, 357, 609–10; early romance, 357–58, 61, 653; ends SLC’s schooling, 409; fondness for entertainment, 296–97; health, 357–58, 394, 470; letters from SLC, 566, 627, 633; marriage, 357–58, 610, 652–53; namesake of Jean Clemens, 356, 655; prototype for Aunt Polly, 653; residences, 470, 492, 591, 610, 652–53; SLC’s support, 22, 25, 408, 470; SLC’s tribute, 610, 653; W.C.T.U. membership, 613

•Clemens, Jean (Jane Lampton; SLC’s daughter): biographical information, 655–56; birth and death, 651–52, 654; characteristics, 222–24; friendships, 224, 473, 508, 557; language abilities, 223–24, 264; letters from SLC, 218, 645; SLC’s difficulty in remembering face, 270; SLC’s reminiscence, 656; mentioned, 247, 504, 557, 609, 655

childhood: characterizes SLC and Olivia, 224; education, 218, 257, 310, 654–55; family pets, 218, 224, 511; health, 342, 355; love of animals, 223, 292; mind cure, 342, 602; playacting English history, 333; playacting The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 331; rescued from fire, 241; on SLC’s meeting Wilhelm II, 310, 594; and SLC’s writing, 224–25, 343–44, 355; solitaire playing, 331. See also Clemens family amusements

later years: diary, 555–56; Dublin stay, 511, 651; health, 82, 100–107, 270, 506, 509, 579, 609, 646, 651, 655–56; hobbies and interests, 100–101, 105–6, 509, 655; Italy visit, 108; Lewis’s pension, 173; relationship with SLC, 656; as SLC’s typist and secretary, 101–2, 613, 643, 651, 656; “spontaneous oratory” debate noted, 555–56; Stormfield residence, 652, 656

Clemens, Jennie (SLC’s niece), 653

Clemens, John Marshall (SLC’s father): biographical information, 627, 652; characteristics, 357–58, 394, 653; children, 649, 652–53; death, 237, 301, 406, 408–9, 590, 649, 652; education and occupations, 652; marriage, 357–58, 653; self-medication, 408–9, 627, 652; Tennessee land, 21, 469; mentioned, 589

Clemens, Langdon (SLC’s son), 650, 654

•Clemens, Mary Eleanor Stotts (Mollie; Orion’s wife): birth and death, 24, 521, 653; California residence, 469–70, characteristics, 5, 22, 25; daughter, 653; Fredonia stay, 470; Hartford stay, 26; hears Jane Clemens’s account of early romance, 357, 610; Keokuk residence, 22–23, 25, 470–72, 610; letters from SLC, 473; marriage, 653; Memphis (Mo.) residence, 627; Muscatine residence, 653; Nevada residence, 5–6, 21–22, 459, 469–70, 653; New York City visit, 470; Orion’s death, 473; portrayed by SLC as Mrs. Williams, 121–27, 521–22; SLC’s support, 470–72

•Clemens, Olivia Louise Langdon (Livy, Mousie; SLC’s wife): biographical information, 654; around-the-world trip, 79, 81, 162, 504, 651, 654–55;

Clemens, Olivia Louise Langdon (continued)
characteristics, 82, 97, 107, 224, 538, 654; charitable activities, 278–79, 582; Clara’s nursing, 99–107, 509; closeness to SLC, 28; courtship and marriage, 239, 565, 650, 654; death, 80–81, 108, 251, 260, 651, 654; education, 654; friendships, 250–51, 260, 330, 483, 509, 540, 557, 571–72, 603; Harte’s visits, 419–20; health, 41, 81–83, 97–108, 506, 654; household and social burdens, 81–82, 97, 654; intuition, 354–55, 609; letters from SLC, 470–71, 548, 579; letter to SLC, 556; mother’s death, 353, 609; Onteora visits, 250–53, 571, 573; runaway horse incident, 542; Webster and Company creditor, 79, 159–60, 504, 654; mentioned, 352. See also Clemens family residences

as mother: births and deaths of children, 650, 654; concern for children, 309, 331, 342, 353–55, 609; disciplinary measures, 223–24, 327–29, 600; education of children, 218, 257, 310, 654–55; family pets, 218; house-fly killing scheme, 257–58; mind cure, 331, 342–43, 602; solitaire playing, 331. See also Clemens family amusements

slc’s writing: autobiography, 508; “The Death-Disk” (“The Death-Wafer”), 106; Huckleberry Finn, 273; The Innocents Abroad, 352, 608; “Luck,” 343–44; The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 353; Roughing It, 352, 608; SLC’s copyrights, 79, 159–60, 504, 654; as SLC’s editor, 197, 270, 273, 350, 508, 654; SLC’s enjoying his own book, 352, 608; SLC’s reputation, 197; SLC’s speeches, 97; “ ‘What Ought He to Have Done?’: Mark Twain’s Opinion,” 328–29, 600–601

•Clemens, Olivia Susan (Susy; SLC’s daughter): biographical information, 654–55; birth, 650, 654; characteristics, 223–24, 258, 328–30, 332, 654; gravestone inscription, 376–77, 618–19; illness and death, 81, 504, 582, 651, 654, 655; remembered and missed, 258, 359; Vassar College visit, 16–17, 465

childhood: education (general): 218, 310, 654–55; education (musical), 218, 241, 603; Harris’s visit, 260; Kipling’s visit, 175–77; lying, 223–24; mind cure, 330–31, 342–43, 602; nearsightedness, 331, 342–43; Olivia’s discipline, 223–24, 327–28; playacting English history, 333; playacting The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 216, 331, 602; poem misattributed, 376–77, 618–19; promenading with SLC, 269, 271; rescued from fire, 241; mentioned, 225. See also Clemens family amusements

Clemens, Olivia Susan, biography of SLC: Cable’s visit, 333–34; characterizes Clara, 309, 332; characterizes Elizabeth Custer, 250; characterizes Jean, 224; characterizes self, 309, 332; excerpts, 165–66, 215–19, 247, 250, 255, 257–60, 263–65, 269–70, 273, 283–84, 292–93, 306, 309, 327, 330–32, 342–43, 346–47, 349–52, 356, 358; Howellses’ visit, 349; parents’ relationship, 269–70, 273, 328–29; people given passing mention, 247; secrecy of writing, 654; SLC’s footnotes, 165–66, 218, 255, 269, 332, 350, 540; SLC’s praise, 166, 257, 292, 330, 413–14; spelling, 273, 333, 348, 413; “There is a happy land,” 292, 293; unfinished, 358–59; visits to Elmira, 216, 327; visit to Keokuk, 356, 358; visit to Onteora, 250; visit to Vassar College, 16–17, 465; written for family, 257

family anecdotes and activities: arithmetic problem, 215–16; blowing soap bubbles, 258; Clara’s injuries, 309, 331; family pets, 216–18, 247–48, 257; favorite stories, 346; games, 347; Jean and ducks, 292–93; Jean and insects, 257; mind cure, 331, 342; playacting The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 216, 331, 602; SLC’s history game, 351

remarks about olivia: characteristics, 224, 330; disciplining children, 327; occupations, 218; opinion of SLC’s writing, 329, 343; relationship with children, 218, 257, 309, 331, 342, 654–55

remarks about slc: characteristics, 16, 166, 253, 269–70, 330–32; chess scheme, 333; Christian Union article, 270, 326, 328–29; copyright opinion, 283–84; cure for colds, 330; enjoying his own book, 352, 608; fiftieth birthday and tributes, 258, 259–60, 263–65, 347–48, 575; Howells and Jews, 349–50, 607; lecturing, 165; literary plans, 269; “Luck,” 343–44; as publisher, 269; reading manuscripts to family, 273, 306, 343–44; Redpath’s compliment, 255; tribute and assistance to Grant, 218–19, 255; trip to England and Scotland, 165; writings, 217, 273, 328–29, 332, 343–44, 348–49, 352, 608

•Clemens, Orion (SLC’s brother): biographical information, 653; autobiography, 27, 404, 472–73; death, 24, 27, 473, 521; described by fortune teller, 404, 406, 407–8; employs SLC, 230, 237, 560–61, 653; finances, 5–6, 20–23, 25, 458–59, 470–71, 653; Hartford bathtub incident, 26; hears Jane Clemens’s account of early romance, 610; letters from SLC, 21, 23, 404–9, 468, 471, 473, 505, 566, 627; letters to SLC, 472, 499; marriage and family, 653; politics, 20, 26, 468, 472, 653; religion, 20, 26, 393, 468, 471; SLC’s support, 22–23, 25, 238, 458, 470–72, 653; temperance opinions, 20–21, 468; Tennessee land, 21; trip west with SLC, 37–38, 238, 458, 649; warning about book agent, 499

characteristics: changeability, 6, 20–21, 26, 393, 407, 472; depression, 393; as dreamer, 653; honesty, goodness, and kindness, 5, 20, 25–26, 47, 653; ineffectuality, 5, 22; patience, 473

occupations: author, 27, 404, 468, 472–73, 588–89, 653; chicken farmer, 22–23, 25, 471–72, 653; inventor, 25, 472; lawyer, 20, 22, 25, 407, 468, 471, 653; lecturer, 653; mining investor, 20–21, 422; Nevada territorial and state official, 5–6, 20–22, 37, 238, 458–59, 468–70, 649, 653; newspaperman, 22, 25–26, 230, 233–34, 470–71, 560–61, 653; printer, 237, 261, 653

residences: California, 469–70; Hartford, 22, 26, 470; Keokuk, 22–23, 470–72, 499, 610, 653; Memphis (Mo.), 627; Muscatine, 653; Nevada, 5–6, 21, 458, 469, 653; New York City, 470; Rutland, 471; St. Louis, 653

Clemens, Pamela A. (SLC’s sister). See Moffett, Pamela A.

Clemens, Samuel (SLC’s father’s father), 627

•Clemens, Samuel Langhorne (SLC): biographical information (life chronology), 649–52; appearance, 249–50, 572; attitude toward life and death, 68–69, 473; Civil War service, 649; eyesight, 342–43; family biographies, 652–56; first sweetheart (see Wright, Laura Mary); forebears, 627; images and photographs, 161, 173, 203, 204–10, 543, 554, 573; reported death, 11, 463; sale of letters, 10, 462–63; writing method, 195–96. See also Clemens family residences

amusements: bicycling, 258–59, 575; billiards, 53, 149, 161, 346, 377–85, 619–22; bowling, 380–81, 385–87; chess, 333; “Quaker” (card game), 382–83; solitaire, 331. See also Clemens family amusements

birthday activities: fiftieth birthday and tributes, 258–60, 263–65, 575–78, 606; sixty-seventh birthday dinner and tributes, 105, 510; seventy-first birthday, 285; centenary, Dunne’s tribute, 619

business and financial matters: bankruptcy, 78–80, 158–60, 197, 493, 503–4, 538–39, 654; failure to buy telephone stock, 56–57, 489–90; Federal Steel Company, 80, 162, 505; Hale and Norcross mine, 18, 20–21, 422, 468; Hartford Accident Insurance Company, 55–56, 490–91; Kaolatype, 54, 489–90; Lyon and Ashcroft’s influence, 655; miscellaneous inventions, 54–55, 489–90; Paige typesetting machine, 80, 158–60, 505, 537, 539, 651; Plasmon Company, 625; royalty income, 55, 159–60, 487–88, 490, 538–39; support for mother and brother, 22–23, 25, 238, 408, 458, 470–72, 653; taxes, 21, 116, 179–80, 504, 516, 545. See also American Publishing Company; Charles L. Webster and Company; Rogers, Henry H.

Clemens, Samuel Langhorne (SLC)

(continued)

characteristics: characterized by Jean, 224; characterized by Susy, 16, 166, 253, 269–70, 330–32; charitable, forgiving, and gentle nature, 75, 368, 392, 491; college-girl habit, 15–17; dignity, 212–13; excitability, 299; fashion sense, 249–50, 572; generosity, 255; grudge-bearing, 158; honesty and lying, 116, 298, 302–4; imagination, 298–99; laziness, 37, 46, 51, 115, 170, 196; love of cats, 216–18, 224, 247–49, 331, 393, 429; mercifulness, 222; representative of human race, 383; temper, 198, 226, 251, 430; vanity, 10, 16–17, 243–44, 291, 300, 387, 432–33. See also Fortune telling and divination; Palmistry; Phrenology

charitable activities: advice for fundraisers, 281–83; appearances, lectures, and speeches, 8–9, 14–17, 32, 59, 350, 460–62, 465–66, 477, 493, 572, 584, 608; influencing contributors, 193, 279–81, 582–83, 639; pension scheme for charities, 279–81, 582–83; personal contributions, 211, 278–80, 582

childhood and youth: early experiences as author, 230–35, 238–39, 560–63, 649; education and schoolteachers, 177–78, 233, 237, 360, 409, 544–45, 649; health, 408–9; mesmerism experiments, 297–304, 589–90; mischief, 177–78; 237, 262–63; parental relationship observed, 357–58; schoolmates, 178, 545

journalism: Golden Era, 562, 650; Hannibal Journal, 560–61; Hannibal Western Union, 561, 589, 649, 653; Keokuk Post, 230–35, 563; Muscatine Journal, 561; New Orleans Crescent, 561; New York Weekly Review, 513; San Francisco Alta California, 549, 588; San Francisco Dramatic Chronicle, 513, 621; Saturday Press, 47, 485, 562, 650. See also Californian; Sacramento Union; San Francisco Morning Call; Virginia City Territorial Enterprise

lectures and speeches: after Clara’s début, 243–45, 569; on American manners, 8–9, 462; “The American Vandal Abroad,” 48, 486, 608, 650; around-the-world tour, 79–81, 159, 162, 244, 504, 651, 654–55; Associated Press banquet, 235, 245–46, 274–77, 563–64, 569; “The Babies,” 180–81; Barnard College, 17, 466; Booth banquet, 348–49, 607; Carnegie banquet, 578; Carnegie Hall, 8, 14–15, 59, 105–6, 460–62, 465; Chickering Hall, 60, 202–3, 494, 554; City Missionary Society (Hartford), 584; Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, 350, 608; Cooper Union, 38–40, 481–82, 558; on copyright, 284, 319, 337–42, 572, 584–85, 587, 597–98, 605; Delmonico’s Restaurant, 607; drunken man anecdote, 186–87, 342; early lecture tours, 40, 48, 482, 486, 650; Ends of the Earth Club, 558; on The Gilded Age, 558; Grant banquet, 180–81; Hudson Theatre, 16–17, 465–66; Jessamy Harte benefit declined, 638–39; lecturing speed, 446; on Leopold II (undelivered), 8, 460–62; long-necked clam, 348–49, 607; lost-sock anecdote, 16, 465; Majestic Theatre, 8–9, 462; on marriage engagements, 187; on men and women, 214; Monk-Greeley anecdote, 200–203, 553–54; on morals, 17, 462, 505; New York State Association for Promoting the Interests of the Blind, 32, 477, 572; pedestrian excursion anecdote, 14–15, 465; plan to quit speaking for money, 14–15, 59, 212; Platt’s Hall, 200–202, 553; on Quaker City excursion, 48, 486, 608, 650; reluctance to speak, 316; Robert Fulton Memorial Association, 14, 15, 59, 465, 493; Sandwich Islands lecture, 38–40, 200–202, 239, 280, 481–82, 553, 558, 569, 583, 650; Savoy Hotel, 558; Simplified Spelling, 245–46, 266–69, 274–77, 563–64, 569, 578; SLC-Cable reading tour, 59, 66, 165, 333, 493, 539, 591, 651; Smith College, 16, 465; “spontaneous oratory” scheme, 184–88, 200, 203, 213–15, 555–56; stage fright, 569; talk distinguished from speech, 244–45; tour with Nast proposed, 10, 462; Tuskegee Institute, 8, 460–62; Vassar College, 16–17, 465–66; at Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, 32, 477, 563–64; Washington Ladies’ Literary Association, 597–98; Women’s University Club, 14–18, 465; for Young Men’s Christian Association, 8–9, 462

letters. See Letters from SLC; Letters to SLC

occupations: authorial history, 230–35, 238–39, 560–63, 649–52; clerk for Orion in Nevada, 458–59, 649; editorship turned down, 197; errand boy, 649; inventor, 55, 351–52, 490, 608; miner and mining speculator, 20–21, 118, 168–69, 238, 422–23, 459, 468, 566, 621, 636, 649; ministry considered, 238, 566; printer, 561, 589, 649, 653; quartz-mill laborer, 238, 566; steamboat pilot, 58, 150–51, 230, 238, 264, 405–8, 458, 492, 531–32, 561, 566, 649

organizational activities and memberships: Congo Reform Association, 8, 460–62, 529; Ends of the Earth Club, 225–27, 558; Fellowcraft Club, 183–87, 546; Freemasonry, 649; The God Damned Human Race club, 442–43, 643; Juggernaut Club, 28–29, 474; Kinsmen, 573; Lotos Club, 436; Monday Evening Club, 265, 578; The Players club, 426, 540, 565, 607; Saturday Morning Club, 419, 633; Savage Club, 435–36, 640–42; Tile Club, 579–80

pet schemes (SLC’s advice): employment, 34–37, 470–71, 479; “graduated blush,” 188; pension, for charities, 279–81, 582–83; “spontaneous oratory,” 184–88, 200, 203, 213–15, 546, 555–56

pseudonyms: A Dog-be-Deviled Citizen, 561; Blab, 560–61; Josh, 562, 566–67, 649; Mark Twain, 239, 353, 356–57, 567, 650; Sergeant Fathom, 561; Snodgrass, 230–35, 563

reading: The Acts of Stephen, 614; Bible (as child), 30, 135; Briggs’s “Criticism and Dogma,” 131, 523–24; Carlyle’s French Revolution, 591; Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, 527; Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 540; Doane’s Bible Myths, 523; dueling essay, 98, 507; English history, 155–56; friends’ literary offerings, 162–63; Hartwick’s “Curfew Shall Not Ring To-night,” 215, 556; Henry of Huntingdon, 366–69, 614; his own dictations, 158; humorists, 153, 534–35; Jacobs’s Dialstone Lane, 182; William James’s works, 513; Joseph Jefferson’s autobiography, 76, 500; Kipling, 176–77, 544; laughing at own books, 346, 352–53, 355; Macaulay, 586–87; Oliver Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches, 553; Phelps’s The Gates Ajar, 194, 550; Pliny the Younger, 110, 512; Poe’s “To Helen,” 323, 599; Reade’s The Cloister and the Hearth, 606; reading aloud to family, 273, 306, 343–44, 540; reading in German, 248; SLC’s marginalia, 518, 521, 525, 573, 614; Suetonius, 365, 614; White’s autobiography, 33, 477. See also names of other authors and titles of newspapers

works: “The Adventures of a Microbe,” 196, 552; The American Claimant, 553; “As Concerns Interpreting the Deity,” 363–70, 613–15; “At the Farm,” 557; “Blabbing Government Secrets,” 561; “Blindfold Novelette,” 548; “Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven,” 193–95, 269, 549–51; “Chapters from My Autobiography” (North American Review), 404, 463, 469, 618, 620, 626–27, 652, 656–60; “The Chicago G.A.R. Festival,” 546; “Christian Citizenship,” 353, 609; “Christian Science” (articles), 144, 525–26, 528; Christian Science (book), 144–45, 526, 528–29, 643, 652; “The Chronicle of Young Satan,” 530, 552; “Closing Words of My Autobiography,” 656; Colonel Sellers, 467–68, 601, 633, 636; “Concerning Copyright,” 605–6; A Curious Dream, 641; “The Czar’s Soliloquy,” 592; “The Death-Disk” (“The Death-Wafer”), 106, 197–98, 510, 553; “Disgraceful Persecution of a Boy,” 515; “A Dog’s Tale,” 189, 547; “A Double-Barrelled Detective Story,” 498; “Editorial Agility,” 561; Eve’s Diary, 167–68, 540; Following the Equator, 504, 546, 651; “Forty-three Days in an Open Boat,”

Clemens, Samuel Langhorne (SLC)

works (continued)
641; The Gilded Age (with Warner), 53, 467, 478, 533, 558, 601, 633, 641, 650; “Goldsmith’s Friend Abroad Again,” 515; “Hellfire Hotchkiss,” 588; “Historical Exhibition—A No. 1 Ruse,” 561; “A Horse’s Tale,” 145, 188–90, 529–30, 547; Is Shakespeare Dead?, 518, 628; “James Hammond Trumbull,” 629; “Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog” (“The Jumping Frog”), 46–47, 230, 484–85, 562, 650; “Josh” letters, 562, 566–67, 649; “Jul’us Caesar,” 561; “Kiditchin,” 217; “King Leopold’s Soliloquy,” 145, 529; “ ‘Local’ Resolves to Commit Suicide,” 561; “Luck,” 157, 343–45, 537; “Mark Twain’s Own Account,” 434–36, 640–41; Mark Twain’s Sketches, New and Old, 53, 542, 602, 641, 650; “A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage,” 548; “My Autobiography [Random Extracts from It],” 469, 574, 659; “My Debut as a Literary Person,” 641; “My First Literary Venture,” 561; “My Platonic Sweetheart,” 533; The Mysterious Stranger: A Romance, 530; “No. 44, The Mysterious Stranger,” 146, 196–97, 530, 552; 489; “The Only Reliable Account of the Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” 621; Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc, 197, 353, 608–9, 651; “A Petition to the Queen of England,” 179–80, 545–46; “Pictur’ Department,” 561; “Prayer,” 545; Pudd’nhead Wilson, 543, 651; “A Record of the Small Foolishnesses of Susie & ‘Bay’ Clemens (Infants),” 222–25, 330, 557, 593; 196, 198, 549, 552; “River Intelligence,” 561; “Schoolhouse Hill,” 552, 588, 589; “Scraps from My Autobiography,” 576, 659–60; “A Simplified Alphabet,” 578; “Snodgrass” letters, 231–35, 563; “Some Rambling Notes of an Idle Excursion,” 549, 551, 611–12; The Stolen White Elephant, Etc., 54, 489, 551; “Taming the Bicycle,” 575; The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories, 596; “Those Extraordinary Twins,” 588; “Three Thousand Years Among the Microbes,” 196, 552; “Tom Sawyer’s Conspiracy,” 545, 590; “To the Person Sitting in Darkness,” 651; Tom Sawyer Abroad, 477; A True Story, and the Recent Carnival of Crime, 489; “A True Story, Repeated Word for Word as I Heard It,” 542; “The Turning Point of My Life,” 565; “Villagers of 1840–3,” 626; “The War-Prayer,” 526, 651; “Was it Heaven? Or Hell?,” 83–96, 103–4, 107, 506; “ ‘What Ought He to Have Done?’: Mark Twain’s Opinion,” 328–29, 600–601; “Which Was It?,” 196, 552; “Why Not Abolish It?,” 647–48; “Ye Sentimental Law Student,” 562, 567. See also Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The Adventures of Tom Sawyer; Ah Sin; The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County; A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court; Date 1601; The Innocents Abroad; Life on the Mississippi; Mark Twain’s Library of Humor; The Prince and the Pauper; Roughing It; A Tramp Abroad; What Is Man?

Clemens family amusements: arithmetic problem, 215–16; charades, 164–65, 333; croquet, 347; Olivia’s reading aloud, 218, 654; playacting English history, 333; playacting The Prince and the Pauper, 165–66, 216, 331, 540, 602; SLC’s history game, 351–52, 608; SLC’s reading aloud, 260, 273, 306, 343–44, 540; soap-bubble blowing, 258; solitaire, 331; songs and poems, 217, 293–94; storytelling, 346–47; tennis, 218; theater-going, 333, 603

•Clemens family pets: children’s responses to kitten’s death, 224; at Quarry Farm, 216–18, 247–48, 257, 556; SLC’s love of cats, 216, 224; at Upton House, 248–49, 511

names: Ashes (cat), 248–49, 511; Cadichon (Kiditchin, donkey), 216–18, 556; Famine (cat), 217; Motley (kitten), 224; Old Minnie (cat), 217; Prosper (dog), 511; Rob (dog), 556; Sackcloth (two cats), 248–49, 511; Sour Mash (cat), 216–17, 247–49, 257, 556; “Stray Kit” (cat), 331

•Clemens family residences: 14 West 10th Street (N.Y.), 80, 81–82, 506; Hartford house, 79, 504, 626, 654; Riverdale (now Wave Hill), 82, 99–107, 506–8, 511, 651; Stormfield (Redding, Conn.), 509, 579, 652, 656; 21 Fifth Avenue (N.Y.), 23, 32, 111, 149, 447, 645, 651; vacation houses rented, 82, 97, 101, 183, 187, 506–8, 546, 552. See also Dublin (N.H.); Florence; London

•Clemens family servants: Anna (Jean’s maid), 511; George Griffin (butler), 241, 257, 419, 567; George O’Connor (coachman), 511; Julia Koshloshky (wet nurse), 241, 567; Katherine (waitress), 511; Lilly Gillette Foote (governess), 510, 602; Margaret Sherry (nurse), 102, 104, 107, 509; Mary (cook), 511; Miss Tobin (nurse), 100, 101–2, 103, 508; Patrick McAleer (coachman), 292–93, 380, 446, 620. See also Hay, Rosina; Leary, Katy

Cleveland, Grover, 472, 508, 593

Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum, 350, 608

“Closing Words of My Autobiography,” 656

Collier, Robert J., 619

Collier’s Weekly, 609

Collins, Wilkie, 45, 483

Colonel Sellers, 467–68, 601, 633, 636. See also The Gilded Age

Colorado: corrupt legislature, 409, 410, 628; Huckleberry Finn banned by Denver library, 29, 474–75. See also Denver Post

Colt Arms Factory, 54

Columbia University, 505. See also Barnard College

“Concerning Copyright,” 605–6

Concord (Mass.) Public Library, 29, 33, 474

Confucius’s “Golden Rule,” 130, 522

Congo. See Leopold II

Congo reform associations, 8, 460–62, 529

Congregationalists, 253, 574

Congressional Record (formerly Congressional Globe), 154, 535

A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court: composition and publication, 77, 196, 501, 552, 651; great inventors praised, 586; reviews, 604; theme, 306–7

Cooke, John Esten, 627

Cook’s pills, 409, 627

Coolidge, Susan (Sarah Chauncey Woolsey), 375–76, 617

Cooper, James Fenimore, 339, 517

Cooper, Peter, 481

Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art (N.Y.), 38–40, 481–82

Cope, Edgar, 440–41

Coppée, François, 45, 483

Copyright: and German law, 285; international, 283–84, 286–88, 318, 584, 585–86, 597; legislators’ ignorance, 288–90, 318–19; SLC’s argument for perpetual, 290–92, 338, 339–41, 587; SLC’s testimony for Parliament, 290–92, 338–41, 586–87

on slc’s books: Harpers and American Publishing Company, 143–44, 146, 528; transferred to Olivia, 159–60, 504, 654. See also titles of works

and u.s. legislation: in 1886, 283–84, 318, 584, 585–86, 597; in 1889, 317–20, 596–98; in 1906, 286, 320–24, 337–42, 585, 599

Copyright Act (U.K., 1842), 586

Copyright Act (U.S., 1909), 286, 585

Corbett, James J., 12, 463

Corey, Ella J., 603

Corey, Susan (Susy), 333, 603

Cornell, Ezra, 477, 478

Cornell University: cofounders, 477; Fiske-McGraw marriage and consequent lawsuit, 33–37, 478–79; Paige typesetting machine, 80, 505

Cosmopolitan, 517, 526, 644

Cowing, George B., 459

Cowper, William, 109, 512

Cox, Samuel Sullivan (Sunset), 318–19, 501–2, 597–98

•Crane, Susan Langdon (Aunt Susy; Mrs. Theodore Crane): letters from SLC, 100, 101–3, 508, 533; letter to SLC, 174–75; and Lewis, 173, 174–75, 542; mentioned, 328, 655. See also Quarry Farm

Crane, Theodore, 542

Crapsey, Algernon Sidney, 131, 523

Crawford, Samuel Wylie, 500

Criterion (periodical), 568–69

The Critic (periodical), 259–60, 263–65, 575–78

Cromwell, Oliver, 106, 409, 553, 556, 627

Cross, Samuel, 177, 544

Cumming, Alfred, 480

Cure, Louis, 622

A Curious Dream, 641

Currier, Frank D., 598

Curtis, George William, 562

Custer, Elizabeth B., 247, 250, 500, 501, 571–72

Cutler, Albert G., 622

Cutting, Miss (university woman), 15

“The Czar’s Soliloquy,” 592

Czolgosz, Leon, 464

Daggett, Rollin, 566–67

Daguerre, Louis, 186, 547

Dake, Charles T., 532

Dake, Laura. See Wright, Laura Mary

Dana, Charles A., 419, 633. See also New York Sun

Dante, 601

D. Appleton and Company, 494, 502, 564–65, 597

Darwin, Charles, 223–24, 527, 557

Date 1601,153–57, 535–38

David I (king of Scotland), 367, 614

Davis (mate on John J. Roe), 211–12

Davis, Fay, 18–19, 105, 466, 510

“The Death-Disk” (“The Death-Wafer”), 106, 197–98, 510, 553

Defoe, Daniel, 169, 512, 540

De Laval Steam Turbine Company, 597

Delmonico’s Restaurant (N.Y.), 607, 631

Delsarte, François, 278, 581

Denver Post, 410, 474–75

Denver (Colo.) Public Library, 29, 474–75

Depew, Chauncey M., 71, 72, 349, 387, 496–97, 623

Derby, George, 153, 534

Determinism: consequences of Adam’s first act, 236–39, 240–41; of God/Nature, 127–28, 138–39, 141–43, 427–30

DeVoto, Bernard, 578, 620

Dewey, George, 558

Dibble, W. E. (Cincinnati publisher), 78, 503

Dickens, Charles, 119–20, 381, 408, 517, 521, 599, 606, 621

Dickinson, Anna, 43, 483

Dickinson, Asa Don, 29–32, 475–76

Dighton Rock (Berkley, Mass.), 364, 613

Dillon, Mr. (unidentified), 377–78, 619–20

Disability Pension Act (U.S., 1890), 616

“Disgraceful Persecution of a Boy,” 515

Doane, T. W., 523

Dodge, Bayard, 100, 103, 105, 508, 509

Dodge, Cleveland Earl, 100, 103, 105, 508, 509

Dodge, Cleveland H., 107, 508, 511

Dodge, Elizabeth, 100, 103, 105, 508, 509

Dodge, Julia, 100, 103, 105, 508, 509

•Dodge, Mary Mapes, 247, 250–53, 272, 573, 579

Dodge, William E., 107, 511

Doesticks, Q. K. Philander (Mortimer Thomson), 153, 535

“A Dog’s Tale,” 189, 547

Dolby, George, 381–82

•Dollis Hill House (London), 448–53, 646

Doniphan (Kans.) Crusader of Freedom, 575

Donworth, Grace (Jennie Allen), 191–92, 246–47, 276–77, 548, 569–70

Dooley, Martin. See Dunne, Finley Peter

“A Double-Barrelled Detective Story,” 498

Doubleday, Frank N., 506

Dougherty, Daniel (called O’Dogherty), 309, 593

Douglas, John H., 66, 495

Downey, Stephen W., 154, 535

Doyle, Arthur Conan, 74, 498

Drake, Sidney, 48, 486

Dreadnought (battleship), 525

Dublin (N.H.): artists’ colony, 553; Clemenses’ acquaintances, 548, 553, 555; Clemenses’ stay at Upton House, 46, 68, 108–9, 148, 151, 495, 511, 530, 554, 651; “Interpreting the Deity” written, 363–70; letters by SLC, 154, 169–70, 189–90; photographs of SLC, 203, 204–10, 554; talent shows for residents, 199–200, 203, 214–15, 555–56; white suit worn, 249–50

Dueling, 98, 416, 507, 630, 650

•Duneka, Frederick A.: biographical information, 527; characterized by SLC, 143–49, 530–31; Mark Twain’s Library of Humor and piracy concerns, 146–49, 152, 530–31, 534; opinion of SLC’s works, 144–46, 506; 528–30. See also Harper and Brothers

Dunker Baptists, 173–75, 543

Dunlap, Jim (James), 178, 545

“Dunlap,” use of name, 545

Dunne, Finley Peter (Martin Dooley), 152, 377, 379–80, 534, 619, 620–21, 643

Dwight, Fanny, 572

École des Beaux Arts (Paris), 509

Ecyot, 218

Eddy, Mary Baker G.: biographical information, 525, 571; Science and Health, 136, 247, 525, 602; SLC’s opinion, 132, 136, 247, 525–26

Edison, Thomas, 625–26

“Editorial Agility,” 561

Edward I (king of England), 352

Edward VII (king of England; formerly prince of Wales): anecdote about property deed, 225, 228–29, 560; on Anglo-American marriages, 415, 629–30; as Savage Club member, 436, 642; SLC’s meeting, 180–82, 546; mentioned, 559

Egypt: Rosetta stone, 363–64, 613; Simplified Spelling sketch, 266–69, 578; SLC’s proposed visit, 578; mentioned, 186, 371, 478

Eliot, Charles William (president of Harvard), 414, 629

Eliot, George (Mary Ann Evans), 65, 494–95, 599

Eliot, John, 412–13, 628–29

Elisabeth (Carmen Sylva; queen of Romania), 97–98, 507

Elizabeth I (queen of England), 154–56, 333, 537

Ellsworth, William Webster, 277, 280–81, 583

Elmira (N.Y.). See Langdon family; Quarry Farm

Elmira Gazette, 479

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 233, 339, 619

Emin Pasha, 280, 583

Emmett, Dan, 588

Empire Theatre (N.Y.), 30, 475

Employment. See Clemens, Samuel Langhorne: pet schemes

Ends of the Earth Club, 225–27, 558

England. See Great Britain; London

Equitable Life Assurance Society, 493, 497

Ericson, Eric the Red, 176, 544

Ericson, Leif, 544

Erie Canal, boat design competition, 25, 472

Ernest II (duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha), 599

Evans, Mary Ann (George Eliot), 65, 494–95, 599

Everyday Housekeeping (periodical), 541

Every Saturday (periodical), 521

Eve’s Diary, 167–68, 540

Executive Order 78 (Roosevelt), 372, 616

F., Baron (unidentified), 304–6, 591

•Fairhaven (Rogers’s mansion at): construction, 506; SLC’s visits, 82, 149, 151, 173, 235

Faxon, Ellen, 41–42, 483

Faxon, Frank, 41

Fechheimer, Morris W., 607–8

Federal Steel Company, 80, 162, 505

Fellowcraft Club, 183–87, 546

Fentress Land Company, 469

Fields, James T., 521, 633

Fields, Osgood and Company, 53. See also Osgood, James R.

Fifth Avenue Hotel (N.Y.), 255, 574

Fifth-Avenue Theatre (N.Y.), 603, 633

Financial panics: of 1857, 516; of 1873, 518; of 1893–94, 78–79, 158–59, 504

Finn, Jimmy, 590

Fish, James D., 61, 66

Fiske, Daniel Willard: biographical information, 34–35, 477,478; Cornell University lawsuit, 35, 36–37, 479–80

Fiske, Jennie McGraw, 34–35, 478, 479

Fiske, Minnie Maddern, 547

Fitch, Thomas, 416, 417, 630

Fitzhildebrand, Robert, 368, 614–15

Fitzsimmons, Robert P., 12, 463

Fletcher, John William, 394–96, 624, 640

Florence: Clara’s public singing, 240, 243, 567; Olivia’s illness and death, 80–81, 82,100, 107–8, 651; Villa di Quarto landlady, 625

Florentine Dictations, 80, 445–46, 503, 643

Florida (Mo.), 649, 652

Following the Equator, 504, 546, 651

Foote, Lilly Gillette, 510, 602

Foote, Mary Hubbard, 106, 510

Fortune telling and divination: augury in ancient Rome, 364–65, 369–70; SLC’s experience with Madame Caprell (1861), 404–8, 627; SLC’s experience with clairvoyant Professor Riess (1907), 401–3, 625–26. See also Palmistry; Mental telegraphy

“Forty-three Days in an Open Boat,” 641

Foster, Stephen, 588

Fowler, Lorenzo N., 334–36, 337, 391, 603, 604

Fowler, Orson Squire, 603, 604

France: Clemenses’ stay at Aix-les-Bains, 82, 506; Huckleberry Finn news item, 27–29, 32; Huguenots assassinated, 134, 524; naval fleet and statesmanship, 134–35, 525; SLC destroys manuscripts, 197

Franklin, William Buel, 265–66, 578

Fredonia (N.Y.): home of Jane Clemens and Pamela Moffett, 470, 492, 610, 653; home town of Webster and Whitford, 492, 493, 503; SLC’s visit, 591

Freeman, Mary E. Wilkins, 548

Free speech, 442

French Revolution, 227

Frohman, Charles, 19, 466

Frohman, Daniel, 19, 466

Fuller, Annie Weeks Thompson, 40–42, 482

Fuller, Frank: biographical information, 480–81; as acting governor of Utah Territory, 37–38; adopted and biological sons, 41–42, 482–83; daughters, 42, 481, 483; SLC’s lecture, 38–40, 481; SLC’s meeting, 481; steam generator company, 54–55, 490; wife’s death, 40–41

Fuller, Louis R., 41–42, 482–83

Fuller, Mary F., 481

Gabrilowitsch, Clara Clemens. See Clemens, Clara Langdon

Gabrilowitsch, Nina (SLC’s granddaughter), 655

Gabrilowitsch, Ossip (Clara’s husband), 509, 652, 655

Galaxy (periodical), 515, 561

Garfield, James A., 137, 526

Garrety, Margaret, 508, 509

General Act of Berlin (international agreement, 1885), 461

George III (king of England), 134, 352,
525

George Routledge and Sons: authorized SLC editions, 488, 641; New York agent, 641; SLC’s meeting (1872), 435–36. See also Routledge, Edmund

Gerhardt, Karl, 247, 333, 571

Germany: Clemens family activities, 225; copyright law, 284–85; Harte as consul, 119, 519, 520, 635; Harte’s Gabriel Conroy popular, 635; naval fleet, 525; SLC’s translation project, 584–85; SLC’s travels with Twichell, 181–82, 546; SLC’s works published, 316, 599; U.S. tariff negotiations, 433, 640; Wagner’s Lohengrin, 539. See also Wilhelm II

places: Baden-Baden, 242, 568; Bad Homburg, 181–82, 228, 546, 560; Bad Nauheim, 181, 506, 546; Frankfurt, 584–85; Hamburg, 417, 631; Mannheim, 539. See also Berlin

Gilbert, W. S., 333, 537, 560, 603

The Gilded Age (SLC and Warner), 53, 467, 478, 533, 588, 601, 633, 641, 650. See also Colonel Sellers

Gilder, Dorothea, 270, 509

Gilder, Helena de Kay, 243, 568

Gilder, Louise Comfort Tiffany, 569

•Gilder, Richard Watson: as Century Magazine editor, 494; family, 243, 244, 568–69, 579; as Fellowcraft Club member, 183–84, 186, 546; Friday night soirées, 568

Gilder, Rodman, 244, 568–69

Gilgamesh epic, 130, 523

Gillette, Elisabeth (Lilly; Mrs. George Warner), 331, 540, 557

Gillette, William Hooker, 224, 557

Gillis, William (Billy), 514, 636

Gillis, Francina California, 514

Gillis, James (Jim): clothing, 422; Harte’s stay, 518; liberality, 423; “pocket mining,” 422, 621, 636; safe after earthquake, 113, 114; SLC’s stay, 514

Gillis, Mary Elizabeth (Mollie), 514

Gillis, Stephen E. (Steve), 113, 114, 514

Gillis, Theresa Ann (Mrs. Henry Williams), 514

Gilman, George Shepard (“Judge What’s-his-name”), 53, 488–89

Ginn, Frank H., 535

Gladstone, William, 449, 560, 646–47

God: characterized by SLC, 127–30, 136–40; Clara’s comments, 309–10, 593; creation of man, 288–89; man’s interpretation of intentions, 365–79; as Providence, 117, 292–93, 380, 382, 440–42; SLC’s reluctance to discuss frankly, 121, 522. See also Bible; Determinism; Christianity; Religion

The God Damned Human Race (club), 442–43, 643

Goelet, May, 415, 629–30

Goggin, Pamelia (SLC’s father’s mother), 627

“Goldsmith’s Friend Abroad Again,” 515

Golden Era (periodical), 118, 119, 517, 518, 562, 650

Goodman, Joseph T.: on “Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven,” 550; duel with Fitch, 416, 630; on insurance stock, 55, 56; safe after earthquake, 113; SLC hired, 567

Gordon, Clara J., 244, 569

Gould, Jay, 116, 388, 409, 623–24

G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 597. See also Putnam, George Haven

Grand Army of the Republic: allied organizations, 623; annual convention, 372; banquet for Grant, 70–71, 181, 252, 573; founding and goals, 615–16; influence on Congress, 387. See also Pensions

Grant, Frederick, 60–61, 62, 64, 74–75, 498

Grant, Jesse, 333, 603

Grant, Julia: Grant’s funeral, 574; proceeds from Grant’s Memoirs, 73, 74, 75–76, 255, 497, 498, 499, 574

Grant, Miriam M. McFarland, 301, 590–91

Grant, Orville R., 301, 590, 590–91

Grant, Ulysses S.: Chicago banquet, 70–71, 180–81, 252, 496, 573; Civil War articles, 61–62, 494; death and funeral, 73, 255, 574; Gerhardt’s bust, 571; illnesses, 65, 66, 72, 495; names and faces remembered, 181; Nast’s sketch, 13; pension and title restored, 70–71, 496; popularity of Roosevelt compared with, 9; presidential appointments, 45, 556–57; sale of letters, 10, 463; SLC’s meeting, 180, 546; SLC’s tribute, 218–19; “Unconditional Surrender” nickname, 497; Ward’s swindling, 61, 62, 66–67. See also Personal Memoirs

Grant and Ward (brokerage firm), 61, 62, 66–67, 497

Gray, David, 156–57, 175, 536

Great Britain: Clemenses’ travel (1872–73), 165, 539, 650; copyright law, 284, 288–89, 291, 318, 339–41, 586–87, 605, 641; free speech absent, 442; and international copyright, 287–88; naval fleet and statesmanship, 134–35, 525; pirated editions of SLC’s works, 641; Simplified Spelling opposed, 274, 580; SLC’s history game, 351–52, 608; tax on foreign copyright owners, 179–80, 545. See also British Empire; British Parliament; London

Great Eastern Railway Company, 444

Greece (ancient), 130–31, 168, 323, 371

Greeley, Horace: Nast’s sketch, 13; SLC’s anecdote, 199, 200–203, 553, 554; mentioned, 464

Green, George Walton, 584

Greening, Tabitha Quarles, 470

Gregory I (pope), 369, 615

Griffin, George, 241, 257, 419, 567

Griffiths, Mrs. William, 122–23, 126–27, 521–22

Griswold, Anna (Mrs. Francis Bret Harte), 420, 426, 630–31

Guggenheim, Simon, 410, 628

Guiteau, Charles J., 526

Gunn, Alexander, 153–54, 535

Gunn, John C., 627

Gunther, Charles F., 628

Gutenberg, Johannes, 586

Gwynn, Dr. See Barret, Richard Ferril

The Hague, Palace of Peace, 172, 541

Hale, Edward Everett, 318, 338–40, 424, 598, 605, 636

Hale and Norcross Silver Mining Company, 20–21, 422, 468

Hall, Frederick J.: biographical information, 503; A Connecticut Yankee, 501; Hoffmann’s Der Struwwelpeter, 584–85; management of Webster and Company, 78, 500–503; military memoirs and war literature, 500; Walters’s Oriental Ceramic Art, 502

Hambourg, Mark, 103, 509

Hancock, Almira Russell, 500

Hancock, Winfield Scott, 500, 593

Hannibal (of Carthage), 330

Hannibal (Mo.): cemetery, 152–53, 534; Clemenses’ living arrangements, 301, 590; Clemenses’ move, 649, 652; Jane Clemens’s departure, 653; mesmerist, 297–300, 589; minstrel show, 294, 296, 588; phrenologist’s visit, 335; schools and teachers, 177–78, 544; SLC’s last visit, 534, 590, 641; stabbing affray, 301, 590; story about Huck and Tom’s later years, 552

Hannibal Gazette, 589

Hannibal Journal: Orion’s ownership, 230, 560, 653; serial story sought, 233–34; SLC’s sketches, 230, 560–61; staff, 260–61, 589

Hannibal Missouri Courier, 561, 649

Hannibal Tri-Weekly Messenger, 561

Hannibal Western Union, 561, 589, 649, 653

Hapgood, Emilie Bigelow, 101, 102, 270, 509, 579

Hapgood, Norman, 270, 509, 579

Harcourt, William Vernon, 228, 560

Hare, William, 235, 563

Harper and Brothers: American Publishing Company purchase, 160, 539; Christian Science published, 144–45, 529; Howells’s contract, 501; legal counsel (see Larkin, John); Mark Twain’s Library of Humor, 146–49, 151, 530–31; rights to SLC’s books, 143–44, 528; SLC’s contract, 146–47, 531, 539, 651. See also Duneka, Frederick A.; Harvey, George

Harper’s Bazar, 190, 526, 547–48

Harper’s Monthly, Nevinson’s articles on Portuguese West Africa, 145, 529; SLC’s tribute to Howells, 152, 533–34

slc’s works: “Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven,” 550–51; “The Death-Disk,” 553; “A Dog’s Tale,” 189, 547; “A Horse’s Tale,” 145, 189–90, 529, 547; “Was it Heaven? Or Hell?,” 83–96, 100, 103–4, 107, 506

Harper’s New Monthly Magazine: Alden as editor, 562; Huckleberry Finn reviewed, 475; Snodgrass letters, 230–31, 562

slc’s works: “Forty-three Days in an Open Boat,” 641; “Luck,” 157, 344, 537; “Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc,” 608–9; “A Petition to the Queen of England,” 179–80, 545–46

Harper’s Weekly: Harvey’s parable about White, 455–56, 648; on Kipling, 543–44; Nast’s cartoons of Tweed Ring, 462, 464–65; palm readings arranged by editor, 337, 390, 400, 624. See also Harvey, George

slc’s works: series of photographs, 204–10, 554; “Why Not Abolish It?,” 647–48

•Harris, Joel Chandler (Uncle Remus): age, 260; expression “dry gripes,” 115; letter from SLC, 577; photograph mentioned, 576; praise for Huckleberry Finn, 265, 577; tribute for SLC’s fiftieth birthday, 259, 263, 264–65, 575

Harrison, Katherine I., 504

Harrods (London), 450–52, 647

Harte, Anna Griswold (Mrs. Francis Bret Harte), 420, 426, 630–31

Harte, Eliza C. T. (Mrs. Frederick Knaufft; Bret’s sister), 420, 634

•Harte, Bret: death, 422, 636; marriage and family, 417, 630–31, 638; mistresses, 422, 635–36; move to East, 119, 120, 518–19; treatment of son, 425, 637; mentioned, 484, 599

characteristics: debts, 417–18, 420–21, 634; “Howells’s opinion, 519–20; “man without a country,” 424–25; pretense of wealth, 423–24; SLC’s opinion, 119–20, 127, 417–18, 420–21, 425–26, 519; temperament, 427–28, 430; treachery, 425

literary concerns: anecdote of Osborn’s adventure, 324–26; dialects used in writing, 118, 518, 520, 521; fame, 416–17; literary contracts, 120, 421, 635; on Phelps’s The Gates Ajar, 550; playwriting, 418–20, 631–32 (see also Ah Sin); proposed book of sketches with SLC, 485; writing process, 118–19

occupations: compositor, newspaper and magazine editor, 118, 415–16, 517; schoolteacher, 118, 415, 517–18; secretary at U.S. Mint, 117–18, 516–17; U.S. consul, 119, 424–25, 519–20. See also Californian; Golden Era; Overland Monthly

relationship with slc: Hartford visits, 418, 419–20, 424, 631, 632–33; ruptured friendship, 634, 635; SLC’s loans, 418, 421, 423–24, 634

works: Condensed Novels, 118, 517; Gabriel Conroy, 120, 421, 634–35; “The Idyl of Red Gulch,” 631; The Luck of Roaring Camp, and Other Sketches (including title story), 120, 416–17, 518, 520–21; “Mr. Thompson’s Prodigal,” 631; “Plain Language from Truthful James” (“The Heathen Chinee”), 120, 520; “Tennessee’s Partner,” 120, 521; “Thankful Blossom” (called “Faithful Blossom”), 419, 632–33; Two Men of Sandy Bar, 418–19, 631–32, 636. See also Ah Sin

Harte, Ethel (Bret’s daughter), 426, 630–31

Harte, Francis King (Frank; Bret’s son), 425–26, 630–31, 637

Harte, Griswold (Bret’s son), 630–31

Harte, Jessamy (Bret’s daughter), 426, 427, 630–31,638–39

Hartford Accident Insurance Company, 55–56, 490–91

Hartford Courant, 35–36, 56–57, 146, 479, 491, 609

Hartford Engineering Company (steam-powered pulleys), 55, 490

Hartford Evening Post, 22, 26, 470–71

Hartwick, Rose (Mrs. Thorpe), 215, 556

Hartwig, Elias, 507

Hartwig, Florence, 97–98, 507

•Harvey, George: biographical information, 510; “Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven” accepted, 551; Eve’s Diary review clipping sent, 540; as club member, 643; hires Duneka, 527; letter from SLC, 609; palm readings arranged, 337, 90, 400, 624; parable about White, 455–56, 648; and SLC’s sixty-seventh birthday dinner, 105, 510; Tennyson lines quoted, 612; travels, 149, 151. See also Harper and Brothers

Hastings (writer), 118, 517

Hawkins, Homer, 41–42, 482

Hawley, David, 281–83, 583–84

Hawley, Joseph Roswell, 56, 283, 491

Hawley Bill, 284, 288, 584

Hay, John, 153–55, 535

Hay, Rosina (Mrs. Horace K. Terwilliger; nurse): children rescued, 240–42, 568; in Germany with family, 225; marriage, 242, 568; mentioned, 539, 542

Hayes, Rutherford B., 424–25, 519–20, 636–37

Heinrich (prince of Prussia): SLC as guest at dinner, 310, 594; U.S. visit, 432–33, 639–40; on veterans’ pensions, 431

“Hellfire Hotchkiss,” 588

Hemans, Felicia, 644

Henderson, Berta von Bunsen, 555

Henderson, Ernest Flagg, 214, 555

Henry (prince). See Heinrich

Henry I (king of England), 351, 365–67, 614

Henry II (king of England), 614

Henry III (king of England), 352

Henry V (king of England), 352

Henry of Huntingdon, 366–69, 614

Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (prince), 444, 643

Hervy, Miss (university woman), 15–16

Hicks, Urban East, 298–99, 300, 589, 590

Hieroglyphics: alphabet vs., 266–69; mock translations, 363–64, 613

Higbie, Calvin: biographical information, 540; manuscript sent for SLC’s criticism, 168–71, 182–83, 188, 541

Higgins (bowler), 385–86

Hill, David B., 36–37, 479, 480

Hillis, Newell Dwight, 369–70, 615

Hinckley, Howard N., 492

Hinduism, 130, 131, 474, 523

Hinton, J. T., 561

Hirsch, Gilbert, 564

“Historical Exhibition—A No. 1 Ruse,” 561

•Hobby, Josephine (stenographer-typist): clippings pasted in typescript, 457, 463; Dublin stay, 511; and Simplified Spelling dictation, 578; SLC’s letter to Carnegie, 541; transcriptions, 540, 586, 615, 643, 646, 661; typing of Lyon’s notes, 611

Hodson, Henrietta (Labouchere’s wife), 228, 559–60

Hoeber, Arthur, 580

Hoffmann, Heinrich (doctor): entertainment for sick children, 284–85; work: Der Struwwelpeter, 284, 584–85

Holden, Miss (mind cure practitioner), 331, 602

Holliday, Melicent S. McDonald, 404, 405, 626

Holmes, Oliver Wendell: and father’s misplaced paper, 354, 356; letter from SLC, 577; life of books, 339; reaction to SLC’s copyright ideas, 286–88, 586; SLC’s opinion, 339; tribute for SLC’s fiftieth birthday, 259, 263–64, 575; mentioned, 233

Holsatia (ship), 631

Hood, Thomas, 435–36, 642

Hooker, Edward Beecher, 403, 626

Hooker, Isabella Beecher, 403, 626

Hooker, John, 626

Hoppe, William F., 384, 621, 622

Hornet (ship), 435, 641

Horr, Elizabeth, 177–78, 233, 544, 653

“A Horse’s Tale”: composition and publication, 529–30, 547; Duneka’s opinion, 145–46; reader’s letter (and SLC’s reply), 188–90

Hot Stuff by Famous Funny Men (Perkins, ed.), 534

Hotten, John Camden, 488, 641

Houdini, Harry, 626

Houghton, Richard Monckton Milnes, Lord, 156, 536

House, Edward H. (friend in Japan), 156, 536

House-flies. See Insects

Howe, Samuel Gridley, 279, 582

Howells, Elinor Mead, 509, 542–43, 607

Howells, John Mead, 102, 509, 652

Howells, Mildred (Pilla), 349, 607

•Howells, William Dean: as club member, 643; hears story of Jane Clemens’s early romance, 610; and Jews, 349–50, 607; letters from SLC, 151–52, 495, 501, 515, 519, 520, 522, 542–43, 548, 586, 608, 631–34; letter to Hayes, 519–20; SLC’s opinion, 339; SLC’s tribute, 152, 533–34; summer visit with Clemenses, 80, 83; tribute to SLC, 510; typewriter gift, 446; mentioned, 527, 578

literary concerns: “Chicago School of Fiction,” 534; collaborative story idea, 190, 547–48; and copyright hearings, 318–19; as editor of Atlantic Monthly and Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, 353, 548, 562, 609; novelettes and play planned with SLC, 548, 553

topics discussed: age, 265; Harte, 418, 519; invalid story, 83 (see also “Was it Heaven? Or Hell?”); SLC’s character, 332, 602; SLC’s white suit, 572; SLC’s works, 194, 550, 552, 602

works: “A Double-Barrelled Sonnet to Mark Twain,” 510; The Rise of Silas Lapham, 349–50, 607; Venetian Life, 152, 534. See also Mark Twain’s Library of Humor

Howells and Stokes (architectural firm), 509

Huckleberry Finn. See Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Hudson Theatre (N.Y.), 16–17, 466

Hugo, Victor, 517, 601

Huguenots, assassinated on Bartholomew’s Day, 134, 524

Human race: advance to perfection, 134; cats compared with, 248–49; character evidenced in letters, 121–27; easily deceived, 247; as ephemeral as soap bubbles, 258; exception to generalities about, 412–13; extreme behaviors juxtaposed, 307; free speech abominated by, 442; God’s disappointment, 288; and God’s two halves, 128–30; greed, 234–35; hopes for heaven, 140; house-fly’s mastery, 219–22; impossibility of irreverence, 167–68; law of temperament, 427–28, 429–30; love for titles, 37–38, 70, 314, 652; naïve self-appreciation, 18, 142; SLC’s study of self as representative, 383–84, 412; unchangeable nature, 370–72; vanity, 171; yearnings, 566. See also Determinism

The Human Race (club), 442–43, 643

Humor: about baldness, 26; of alcohol’s effects, 186; characteristics, 153; contagiousness of laughter, 297; early newspaper satire by SLC, 560–61; first humorous woman’s book, 45, 483; humor magazine editorship declined, 197, 552–53; as independent from facts, 167–68; Jacobs’s Dialstone Lane as perfect story, 182, 546; of maxims, 361; in minstrel shows, 295–96; newspaper satire, 6–7; phrenologists and palmists on SLC’s sense of humor, 336–37, 390–91, 397, 399–400, 624; publisher’s concern about humor in Innocents Abroad, 48; repetition of Monk-Greeley anecdote, 200–203; SLC’s disinterest, 332n; in tributes for SLC’s fiftieth birthday, 259–60. See also Practical jokes

Hunt, Sylvia M., 122–27, 521–22

Hunt, William, 13, 464–65

Hutchinson, Ellen M., 503

•Hutton, Eleanor Varnum Mitchell, 330, 582, 601, 618

•Hutton, Laurence: biographical information, 573, 601; as guest at Onteora, 251; and Helen Keller, 279–80, 582; letter from SLC, 507–8; Susy on visit, 330

Hymettus (Greek mountain), 238, 566

Hypnotism. See Mesmerism

The Idler (periodical), 553

India: and Kipling, 175–77; SLC’s travel, 81, 651. See also Hinduism

Indians. See Native Americans

Ingersoll, Joseph R., 592

“In God We Trust” motto, 226–27

The Innocents Abroad: authorized and pirated English editions, 641; contract and publication, 48, 49, 486, 487, 650; copyright registered, 487, 585; delivery of manuscript, 180; Gray’s opinion, 156–57; invitation to write, 239; pictures noted, 14; Quaker City passengers, 17–18, 466; readers’ responses, 351, 434–35; sales and royalties, 48–49, 487, 488; SLC’s subsequent notoriety, 50, 488; Wilhelm II’s appreciation, 434. See also Quaker City excursion

Insects: house-flies, 139, 219–22, 257–58, 428–29; mosquitoes and fleas, 220, 221, 428–29; spider, 138–39, 221, 428–29, 526–27; wasps and Jim Wolf, 261, 262–63; wasps’ nature, 139, 428–29, 526–27

Insurance industry: graft, 115–16, 515; investigations, 59, 464, 493, 497; SLC’s investment, 55–56, 490–91

International Copyright Act (U.S., 1891), 597

International Typographical Union, 283, 584

“Interpreting the Deity,” 363–70, 613–15

Interstate Commerce Commission, 612

Inventions and patents: all born of ideas, 291–92, 339–40; daguerreotype, 186, 547; Kaolatype, 489–90, 493; lawyer for infringements, 592; Orion’s, 25, 472; Paige typesetting machine, 80, 158–60, 505, 537, 539, 651; self-pasting scrapbook (SLC), 55, 490; steam generator, 54–55, 490; steam-powered pulley, 55, 490; Telharmonium, 447, 645; typewriter, 445–47, 643–45. See also Telephone

Ireland, William-Henry, 247, 570–71

Irving, Henry, 19, 166, 467, 540

Irving, Washington, 250, 339, 500, 573

Is Shakespeare Dead?, 518, 628

Italy. See Florence; Rome

Jackass Hill (or Gulch, Calif.): billiard playing, 384–85; Harte’s stay, 118, 517–18; SLC’s stay, 422–23, 468, 514, 621, 636, 650

Jackson, Andrew, 9

Jacobs, William Wymark, 182, 546

James, Henry, 527

James, William, 112–13, 513, 513–14

James I (king of England), 352

“James Hammond Trumbull,” 629

“Jane Lampton Clemens,” 610, 653

Janeway, Edward Gamaliel, 101, 508

Japan: Date 1601 privately printed, 155–56; war with Russia (1904–5), 369–70, 525, 615

Jayhawkers, 256, 574–75

Jefferson, Joseph, 76, 499–500, 557–58

Jeffries, James J., 12, 463

Jerome, Jerome K., 553

Jerome, William T., 647

Jewish Orphan Asylum (Cleveland), 350, 608

Jews: attitudes toward, 69, 350, 496, 607–8; as “chosen,” 129, 136; Howells and, 349–50, 607; orphan homes, 350, 608; Russian pogroms, 132–34, 524; Webster’s Jewish ancestry suggested, 69, 496

“Jim and the Strainin’ Rag” (recitation), 346–47

“Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog,” 46–47, 230, 484–85, 562, 650

Joan of Arc: in others’ writing, 564, 566; in SLC’s writing, 197, 353, 608–9, 651; mentioned, 28

John A. Gray and Green (printer), 485, 487

John J. Roe (steamboat), 150–51, 211, 531–32

John Marshall Monument Fund, 308–9, 592–93

Johnson, Burges, 530

Johnson, Frank Minitree, 564

Johnson, Robert Underwood, 317–18, 319, 597, 598

Johnson, Samuel, 642

Jolly, Sobieski (Beck), 150, 532

Jones, John P., 55–56, 490–91

Jonson, Ben, 155

Jordan, David Starr, 392, 624

Jordan, Elizabeth, 526, 547–48

“Josh” letters, 562, 566–67, 649

Josie (housemaid), 542

Judaism. See Jews

Juggernaut Club, 28–29, 474

“Jul’us Caesar,” 561

“The Jumping Frog.” See “Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog”; The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County

Jung, Carl, 510

Kaiser. See Wilhelm II

Kanawha (Rogers’s steam yacht): Bahamas trip, 455, 648; Clemenses’ travel aboard, 82, 506; Rogers’s character aboard, 161; SLC’s living aboard, 149; and “spontaneous oratory” scheme, 183, 187–88

Kansas City Star, 414, 629

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), 255–56, 574–75

Kaolatype Engraving Company, 489–90, 493

Katherine (waitress), 511

Katonah (N.Y.), 579, 656

Keene, Laura, 13, 464

Keller, Helen: cowboy’s letter to, 413–15, 629; Lyon’s description, 617–18; raising support for, 280, 582; SLC’s dinner with, 374–76; SLC’s meeting, 279, 581

Kellgren, Jonas, 513, 646, 656

Kennin, Frank Nicholls, 618–19

Keokuk (Iowa): Clemenses’ visit, 356–58; mother’s home, 22, 25, 237–38; 469, 470, 591, 653; Orion’s chicken farm, 22–23, 25, 471–72; SLC’s home, 237, 649; SLC’s 1885 visit, 591; mentioned, 27

Keokuk Gate City, 22, 470

Keokuk Post, 562, 563

Kerr, Orpheus C. (Robert Henry Newell), 153, 535

“Kiditchin,” 217

“King Leopold’s Soliloquy,” 145, 529. See also Leopold II

Kinsmen (club), 573

Kipling, Rudyard: biographical information, 544; in Ends of the Earth Club, 558; visit to SLC and America, 175, 176–77, 544; mentioned, 274; works: The Jungle Book and The Second Jungle Book, 177; Kim, 177; Plain Tales from the Hills, 177; “South Africa,” 543

Kirkham, Emily, 359, 360, 611

Kirkham, Mary Ann, 359, 360, 611

Kirkham, Samuel, 360, 611

Kittredge, Alfred B., 598

Knaufft, Eliza C. T. Harte (Mrs. Frederick Knaufft; Bret’s sister), 420, 634

Knaufft, Frederick, 634

Knight, Elizabeth Owen, 477

Kooneman, Margaret, 178, 545

Koshloshky, Julia (wet nurse), 241, 567

Labouchere, Henry du Pré, 228, 559

Lacey (steamboat), 561–62

La Cossitt, Henry, 589

Ladies’ Home Journal, 474, 541, 543, 570, 644

Laffan, William Mackay, 77, 502

Lakeside Monthly, 119, 120, 518–19

Lampton, Benjamin (SLC’s mother’s father), 627

Lampton, Jane. See Clemens, Jane Lampton

Lampton, William (SLC’s mother’s grandfather), 627

Lancaster (ship), 325

Landon, Melville D. (Eli Perkins), 153, 534

Lang, Andrew, 347–48, 606–7

Langdon, Charles Jervis (Olivia’s brother), 64, 239, 377, 494, 619–20

Langdon, Ida B. Clark (Charles’s wife), 542–43

Langdon, Jervis (little Jervis), 542

Langdon, Jervis (Olivia’s father), 377–78, 541, 619, 650, 654

Langdon, Julia, 542–43

Langdon, Olivia Lewis (Olivia’s mother), 176, 542, 609, 654

Langdon, Olivia Louise. See Clemens, Olivia Louise Langdon

Langham Hotel (London), 334, 436

Larchmont disaster (1907), 436–37, 441–43, 642–43

Larkin, John, 149, 469, 531

Latta, M. C., 12, 463

Launcelot, 218

Lauterbach, Edward, 149, 531

Lavedan, Henri, 466

Lawrence, Joe, 118–19

Lawton, Mary, 18–19, 466–67

Layton (mesmerist), 589

•Leary, Katy (housekeeper): and Clara’s début, 243; examines Fifth Avenue house, 23; and Jean’s illness, 100, 102, 105, 107, 353–55; length of service, 471; memoir, 466; at Olivia’s death, 108

Leavenworth, Mark, 150, 532

Leavenworth, Zebulon, 150–51, 532

Lee, Henry S., 435–36, 642

Leonard (doctor), 99

Leopold II (king of Belgium): crimes, 8, 134, 141, 145, 307, 393, 460–62, 529; SLC’s article on, 529; and Stanley’s exploration of Congo, 583

Leschetizky, Theodor, 509, 655

Leslie, Dora (Eda O. Lyde), 224, 557–58

Leslie, Elsie (Elsie Leslie Lyde), 224, 557–58

Leslie, Mrs. (Evelyn Lyde), 224, 557–58

Lester, George B., 55–56, 490–91

Letters from SLC: destroyed after Laura Wright’s death, 533; sold at auction, 10, 12–13, 462; typewritten, 446, 644

to family members: Clara, 506, 547; Jane Lampton Clemens, 566, 627, 633; Jean, 645; Mollie (Orion’s wife), 473; Olivia, 470–71, 538, 548, 556, 579, 602; Orion, 21, 23, 404–9, 468, 471, 473, 499, 505, 566, 627; Susan Crane, 100, 101–3, 508, 533

to other people: Maude Adams, 564–65; Thomas S. Barbour, 461–62; Robert Barr, 553; Lillian Robinson Beardsley, 189–90; George Bentley, 633; Elisha Bliss, 486–87, 641; Frank Bliss, 489; Edward Bok, 446, 644; John Brown, 551–52; Joseph Cannon, 598; Andrew Carnegie, 172, 541; Chicago Republican editor, 549, 550; Denver Post editor, 474–75; Asa Don Dickinson, 30, 476; Charles Frohman, 19, 466; Joel Chandler Harris, 577; George Harvey, 609; Calvin Higbie, 169–70; Oliver Wendell Holmes, 577; William Dean Howells, 151–52, 495, 501, 515, 519, 520, 522, 548, 586, 608, 631–34; William Dean and Elinor Howells, 542–43; Eleanor Hutton, 582; Laurence Hutton, 508; Rudolf Lindau, 594–95; Thomas Nast, 10; Charles Orr, 154–55; Henry Huttleston Rogers, 567; Mary Rogers, 572,

Letters from SLC

to other people (continued)
578; Upton Sinclair, 515; Otis Skinner, 466–67; Thorvald Solberg (register of copyrights), 605–6; Anne W. Stockbridge, 569–70; Frank Stockton, 576; Bessie Stone, 355–56, 609; Charlotte Teller, 564; Ellen Terry, 19; Joseph Twichell, 103–7, 155, 498; Victoria (queen of England), 179–80, 545–46; Lord Wolseley, 537–38; Frederick Whyte, 334, 603; Charles E. S. Wood, 607–8

Letters to SLC: about Christian Science, 144–45; about Christian Union article, 329, 600–601; Lyon asked to locate for autobiography, 508; opposing ban on Huckleberry Finn, 29–32, 33; SLC’s burden of correspondence, 81–82

from family members: Clara, 152; Olivia, 556; Orion, 472, 499; Susan Crane, 174–75

from other people: Henry Mills Alden, 231; Lillian Robinson Beardsley, 189; B. Butler Boyle, 199, 213; George W. Cable, 334; Andrew Carnegie, 541; Susy Crane, 174–75; Asa Don Dickinson, 29–30, 31, 32; Morris Fechheimer, 608; Minnie Maddern Fiske, 547; Thomas Fitch, 415, 630; Bret Harte, 634, 635; George Harvey, 551; Calvin Higbie, 182–83; William Dean Howells, 501; Charles Orr, 153; Hélène Elisabeth Picard, 28, 29, 473–74; Henry Huttleston Rogers, 582; “John Senior,” 600–601; Anne W. Stockbridge, 246; Frank R. Stockton, 259; Bessie Stone, 355–56, 609; J. Hammond Trumbull, 467–68; Joseph Twichell, 510, 551; Laura Wright, 151, 211, 553, 554

•Lewis, John T.: biographical information, 541–42; death, 173–75; pension, 172–73, 175; rescue of women, 542–43; on Sour Mash (cat), 216

Library of Humor. See Mark Twain’s Library of Humor

Library of Wit and Humor by Mark Twain and Others (anthology), 152–53, 534

Lies and lying: Carlyle quoted, 304, 591; Clara’s lies to Olivia, 99–103, 104–7, 509; SLC’s mesmerism deception, 298–302; Susy’s lies in childhood, 223–24; truth perceived as, 302–4, 381–82. See also “Was it Heaven? Or Hell?”

Life on the Mississippi: contract, 53; German porter’s appreciation, 315–16; Lewis’s rescue of women recounted, 543; origin of “Mark Twain” pseudonym, 230, 356, 561; profane ostler anecdote, 380, 620; publication, 52, 53–54, 489, 492, 651; typewritten copy, 645; Wilhelm II’s appreciation, 310, 315, 431, 594

Lincoln, Abraham: assassination, 13, 464; Gettysburg Address compared to Malory, 218; letter and memorabilia sold at auction, 13; political appointments, 458, 480, 653; political supporters and tribute, 573, 593, 619

Lindau, Rudolf (called Smith): biographical information, 536; copy of Date 1601 promised, 157; letter from SLC, 594–95; vacation (or resignation) request, 311–12, 594–95; work schedule, 310–11

Lindsey, Ben B., 628

Literature: amateur offerings from friends, 162–63, 168–71; children’s writing, 166 (see also Clemens, Olivia Susan, biography of SLC); detective stories, 74, 498; journalism vs., 230, 562; most prodigious asset of a country, 323–24; popular recitations by others, 556; right form for a story, 197–98; writing from the heart, 127, 183, 188–90, 413–15. See also Autobiography (SLC)

Littleton, Martin W., 547

Livingstone, David, 583

Lloyd’s News, 439–40

“ ‘Local’ Resolves to Commit Suicide,” 561

Locke, David Ross (Petroleum V. Nasby), 153, 445–46, 643–44

Loeb, William, Jr., 460

Logan, James O’Neill, 44–45

Logan, John Alexander, 70, 496

Logan, Olive, 43–46, 483

London: American Society’s Independence Day dinner, 157, 537; billiard playing, 381–82; Clemenses’ stay in Tedworth Square (1896–97), 10–11, 81; Clemenses’ stay at Dollis Hill House (1900), 81, 448–53, 646; house addresses puzzling, 452–53; merchants, 447–48, 449–52, 645–46; phrenology readings, 334, 335–36, 391, 604; rumor of SLC’s death, 11; Simplified Spelling rejected by press, 580; SLC’s first visit (1872), 434–36, 641; SLC’s meeting of Campbell-Bannerman, 227–28; SLC’s meeting of Wolseley, 157, 345; SLC’s testimony before Parliament, 290–92, 338–41, 587; Terry’s jubilee celebrations, 19, 467. See also Chatto and Windus; George Routledge and Sons

London Evening Standard, 580

London Globe, 580

London Idler (monthly), 553

London Leader, 580

London Pall Mall Gazette, 580

London Standard, 525, 543

London Tribune, 227, 559

London Westminster Gazette, 167, 540

London World, 177

Long, John Davis, 319, 598

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 563, 599

Longman’s Magazine, 606

Longworth, Nicholas, 21

Lord’s Prayer, 175, 267, 269

Lotos Club (N.Y.), 436, 582, 642

“Lou Dillon” (mare), 415, 630

Louisville Courier-Journal, 616

“Love” (William Wilfred Campbell), 376–77, 618, 619

Low, James, 3, 458

Low, Seth, 640

Lowell, James Russell: biographical information, 554; at copyright hearings, 283–84, 318, 584, 597; fiftieth birthday, 265–66, 578; and Monk-Greeley anecdote, 202–3, 554; mentioned, 233, 563

•Lower Saranac Lake (N.Y.), 82, 506

“Luck,” 157, 343–45, 537

Luckstone, Isidore, 243–44, 568

Lyceum Theatre (London), 467

Lyceum Theatre (N.Y.), 581

Lyde, Eda O. (Dora), 224, 557

Lyde, Elsie Leslie, 224, 557–58

Lyde, Evelyn (Mrs. Leslie), 224, 557–58

Lyell, Charles, 212, 555

Lyon, Isabel Van Kleek (secretary): biographical information, 473,651, 652; Bermuda trip, 611; Clara’s suspicions, 655; errands for Olivia, 101, 102; Harpers’ Christian Science advertisement, 529; “Hon. Sec.” of The Human Race (club), 643; Orion’s autobiography, 27, 473; playing the orchestrelle, 376, 618; reporters handled, 31–32, 476; SLC’s letters gathered, 508; telephone conversation, 198–99

topics and events recorded: Annie Fuller, 482; clairvoyant reading, 625; Dublin household, 511; Duneka’s reaction to “No. 44,” 530; Helen Keller, 617–18; Jessamy Harte benefit, 638–39; Kipling, 544; Luckstone (music teacher), 568; missing autobiographical dictations, 615; old letters unearthed, 521–22; palm readings, 640; poetry misattributed to Susy, 618, 619; proposed speech on Standard Oil, 564; rumors that SLC will remarry, 565; SLC’s dinner and billiards with Dunne, 619, 620; SLC’s letter to Orr, 535; Tennessee land, 46

MacAlister, John Y. W., 640

Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Lord, 289, 341, 586–87

MacVeagh, Franklin, 109, 511

Macy, Annie Sullivan: biographical information, 582; cowboy’s praise, 413–15; in need of support, 279–80, 582; as SLC’s dinner guest, 374–75, 617–18

Macy, John, 374, 617, 618

Madison Square Garden (N.Y.), 384–85, 621–22, 647

Majestic Theatre (N.Y.), 8–9, 462

Malet, Edward (British ambassador), 181, 546

Malone, Edmond, 570

Malory, Thomas, 218–19

Mandeville, Geoffrey de (called Godfrey), 367–68, 614

Manners, 8–9, 362, 462

Manning, Daniel, 13, 464

Manning, James H., 13, 464

Margherita Maria Teresa Giovanna of Savoy (queen of Italy), 400, 625

“Mark Twain (A Post-prandial Obituary)” (Bangs), 510

“Mark Twain” pseudonym: Isaiah Sellers’s use, 230, 561–62; meaning, 356–57; SLC’s first use, 239, 567, 650

Mark Twain House and Museum, 505, 573

Mark Twain in Eruption (DeVoto), 620

Mark Twain’s Library of Humor: 1888 edition, issued by Webster and Company (SLC, Howells, and Clark, eds.), 77, 146, 501, 520–21, 528, 530, 534; 1906 edition, issued by Harpers, 146–48, 149, 530–31

“Mark Twain’s Own Account,” 434–36, 640–41

“Mark Twain’s Patent Self-Pasting Scrap Book,” 55, 490

Mark Twain’s Sketches, New and Old, 53, 542, 602, 650

Mark Twain’s Speeches (Paine), 462

Marmion, Robert, 367–68, 614

Marr, Thomas E., 543

Marsh, Mrs. E. L., 542

Marsh, May, 542

Marshall, John, 308–9, 592–93

Mary (cook), 511

Mary (queen of Scots), 333

Massachusetts: Dighton Rock (Berkley), 364, 613; Huckleberry Finn banned by Concord library, 29, 33. See also Boston; Fairhaven

Massiglia, Countess (Frances Paxton), 399, 400, 625

Mather, Cotton, 117, 516

Matilda (queen of England), 614

•Matthews, Brander, 30, 273–74, 475, 580, 607

McAleer, Patrick, 292–93, 380, 446, 620

McCall, Peter, 592

McClellan, George B., 265, 500, 578

McClure, Robert, 197–98, 553

McClure, S. S., 553

McCullough, John, 425, 637

McCurdy, Richard A., 13, 464

McFarland, Lethe Reynolds (called Mrs. Crawford), 301, 590–91

McGlural, Smiggy. See McGrew, William K.

McGraw, Jennie (Mrs. Daniel Willard Fiske), 34–35, 478, 479

McGraw, John, 34, 478

McGrew, John L., 12

McGrew, William K. (Smiggy McGlural), 116–17, 118, 119, 516

McKinley, William, 9, 458, 464, 508, 595, 648

McVay, George W., 642

Meat Inspection Act (U.S., 1906), 116, 516

Medici, Catherine de’, 524

Medill, Joseph, 252, 573

Mental telegraphy, 198, 582

Mergenthaler Company, 505

Merritt, John A., 3, 7, 458

Merwin-Clayton Company, 10, 12–13

Mesmer, Franz, 591

Mesmerism: and Baron F. incident, 304–6; SLC’s confession not believed, 302–4; SLC’s experience in Hannibal, 297–302; theory, 591–92

Metropolitan Club (N.Y.), 105, 510

Mexican War (1846–48), 497, 616

Millet, Francis D., 598

Mind cure, 330–31, 342–43, 513, 602, 655

Miners and mining interests: corporate charters and fees, 5, 458–59; Esmeralda region, 168–69, 238, 540, 566, 649; Hale and Norcross mine, 18, 20–21, 422–23, 468; and Harte, 118, 415, 517–18, 630; Humboldt region, 238, 566, 649; Jackass Hill (or Gulch), 118, 384, 422, 514, 621, 636. See also Higbie, Calvin

Miners’ Restaurant (San Francisco), 324, 600

Minnehaha (ship), 646

Minstrel shows, 293–97, 587–88

Missouri: “border ruffians” and Kansas-Nebraska Act, 255–56, 574–75; SLC born in Florida, 649, 652; SLC’s satire of legislature, 561; See also Hannibal; St. Louis

Moffat, Dr., 99

•Moffett, Annie (Mrs. Charles L. Webster; SLC’s niece), 21, 469, 489, 492, 494, 588, 653

•Moffett, Pamela A. Clemens (SLC’s sister): biographical information, 653–54; characterized by SLC, 393; Fredonia home with Jane Clemens, 470, 492, 591, 653; hears Jane Clemens’s account of early romance, 610; prototype for Tom Sawyer’s cousin Mary, 653–54; W.C.T.U. membership, 613

Moffett, Samuel E. (SLC’s nephew), 21, 469, 492, 653

Moffett, William A., 492, 653

Mommsen, Theodor, 157, 536

Monadnock, Mount, 68, 108–9

Monarchy, 312–15, 371–72, 595

Monday Evening Club, 265, 578

Monk, Hank, 200–202, 553–54

Montana, 387–88, 622–23

Morality: “Christian Citizenship,” 609; copyright violation as theft, 287–88, 322–23, 622–23; corrupting power of wealth, 370–71; commercial graft, 115–17, 515–16; government graft, 72, 116, 372–74, 387–88, 409–10, 464, 497, 623; insurance company investigations, 59, 464, 493, 497, 515; “moral purpose” photographs, 203, 204–10, 554; public vs. private, 226–27, 287–88; SLC’s lectures, 17, 462, 465, 505. See also Lies and lying

Morel, Edmund Dene, 529

Mormon Church, 247, 571

Morningstar, Orlando E., 622

Morris, Minor, 460

Morris, Mrs. Minor, 3, 7, 9–12, 457–58, 460

Morse, Samuel, 478, 592

Mount McGregor (Saratoga Springs resort), 72–73, 495, 497

Mount Morris Bank (N.Y.), 504

Mulford, Prentice, 118, 517

Munsey, Frank A., 511

“A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage,” 548

Murphy, Margret, 458

Murray, John, 587

Murray Hill Hotel (N.Y.), 224–25

Muscatine (Iowa), 237, 649, 653

Muscatine Journal, 561

Musgrave, Thomas B. (Harte’s benefactor), 417, 631

Music: Aeolian Orchestrelle (organ), 376, 618; and Clemens children, 103, 224, 240, 567, 603, 654, 655; and Helen Keller, 617–18; in mining camp, 423; in minstrel shows, 293–96, 587–88; and Pamela Moffett, 653; SLC as singer, 248; SLC’s passion, 400; Telharmonium, 447, 645

“My Autobiography [Random Extracts from It],” 469, 574, 659

“My Debut as a Literary Person,” 641

“My First Literary Venture,” 561

“My Platonic Sweetheart,” 533

146, 196–97, 530, 552

The Mysterious Stranger: A Romance, 530

Nansen, Fridtjof, 436, 642

Nasby, Petroleum V. (David Ross Locke), 153, 445–46, 534, 643–44

Nast, Thomas, 10, 12–13, 462, 464–65

Nathan, Maud, 625

National Auxiliary to Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War, 623

National Bell Telephone Company, 491–92

National Cordage Company, 504

Native Americans: Natick translation of Bible, 412–13, 628–29; petroglyphs, 364, 613

Neal, Henry, 319–20, 598

Nero, 128

Nesbit, Evelyn (Mrs. Harry K. Thaw), 454, 647

Nevada: Chief Justice Turner, 238–39, 566; Governor Nye, 4–6, 20, 37, 458–59, 468, 545; Orion as secretary, 3, 5–6, 20, 238, 458–59, 653; Senator Jones, 55–56, 490–91; Senator Stewart, 180–81; statehood, 6, 459, 468. See also Carson City; Miners and mining interests; Virginia City; Virginia City Territorial Enterprise

Nevada State Assembly, 468

Nevada Territorial Legislature: laws, 5, 458–59; SLC’s reporting, 3, 5, 239, 458, 567

Nevinson, Henry Woodd, 145, 529

Newell, Robert Henry (Orpheus C. Kerr), 153, 535

New Hampshire. See Dublin (N.H.)

New Orleans (ship), 549

New Orleans Crescent, 561

New Orleans True Delta, 230

Newport (R.I.): Bateman’s Point resort, Newport (R.I.) (continued)
383, 385–87, 622; community of aristocrats, 418

Newspapers: “the palladium of our liberties,” 409–10, 628. See also Associated Press and titles of newspapers

New York (state): Clemenses’ stay at Lower Saranac Lake, 82, 506; Clemenses’ visit to Onteora, 250–53, 571, 573; SLC’s visit to Mount McGregor, 72–73, 497. See also Fredonia; Quarry Farm

New York American, 517

New York City: SLC’s arrival from San Francisco, 38, 46; Tweed Ring and Tammany Hall, 13, 362, 388, 462, 464–65, 609, 612–13. See also Clemens family residences

places: Chase’s Tenth Street studio, 272, 580; Chickering Hall, 60, 202–3, 494, 554; Cooper Union, 38–40, 481–82; Delmonico’s Restaurant, 607, 631; Madison Square Garden, 384–85, 621–22, 647; Metropolitan Club, 105, 510; Murray Hill Hotel, 158, 224–25; The Players club, 426, 540, 565, 607; Savoy Hotel, 558; St. James Hotel, 42, 55–56, 423, 482, 491; Telharmonic Hall, 645; Union League Club, 387–90, 410, 622, 622–24. See also Carnegie Hall

New-Yorker Staats-Zeitung, 432, 640

New York Evening Post, 22, 470

New York Evening Sun, 11, 568–69

New York Herald, 32, 168, 170, 565, 583, 632, 633

New York Kindergarten Association, 272, 579–80

New York Saturday Press, 47, 485, 562, 650

New York State Association for Promoting the Interests of the Blind, 32, 477, 572

New York Sun: on Berlin disaster, 438–40, 443–44, 643; on Clara’s début and SLC, 569; on famine in Russia, 307–8, 592; editorial mentioning SLC, 317, 596; Harte’s “Thankful Blossom,” 419, 632–33; on Jessamy Harte, 427, 638; London correspondent on U.S. corruption, 115–16, 515–16; on Pennsylvania Railroad wreck, 440–41, 643; proprietors, 502, 633; on SLC and Grant’s Memoirs, 574; on SLC and Harte’s Ah Sin, 633–34; veteran’s letter, 372–74, 616–17; on Whiteley’s death, 447

New York Sunday Mercury, 484

New York Times: on Barnes, 3, 6–7, 11–12, 457, 459–60, 463; editorial staff, 484, 516; on Ends of the Earth Club, 558; on Harte’s Two Men of Sandy Bar, 631; on letters sold at auction, 10, 12–13, 462, 463; Root’s speech on government, 595; on Russian pogroms, 133, 524; on Russo-Japanese War, 369, 615; on San Francisco earthquake, 512–13; on SLC at billiards tournament, 621; SLC’s Associated Press speech, 246, 569; on SLC’s speech to college women, 14–15, 465; on Terry’s jubilee celebrations, 467; on Vassar benefit, 466; on Vesuvius eruption, 512; on Webster and Company bankruptcy, 504

New York Tribune, 10, 462, 484, 486, 503, 558, 633

New York Vaporizing Company, 490

New York Weekly Review, 513

New York World, 11, 15–16, 41–42, 465, 527

New Zealand, 81, 651

Nicaragua, 38, 549

Nicholas II (tsar), 134, 307–8, 524, 592

“No. 44, The Mysterious Stranger,” 146, 196–97, 530, 552

Nora (nurse), 542–43

Norfolk (Conn.), Clara’s singing début, 235, 240, 243, 567

North, S. N. D. (tariff-revision commissioner), 433–34, 640

North American Review (NAR): Briggs on virgin birth of Jesus, 131, 523–24; “King Leopold’s Soliloquy” rejected, 145, 529; Lowell as editor, 554; publication of autobiography chapters, 404, 463, 469, 522, 618, 620, 626–27, 652, 656–60; SLC on Christian Science, 144, 526, 528–29; SLC on Elisabeth of Romania, 507; SLC’s reading of dueling essay, 98, 507; Tennyson lines quoted, 612. See also Harvey, George

Nye, Edgar Wilson (Bill), 23, 26, 472

Nye, James W., 4–6, 20, 37, 458–59, 545

O’Brien, Fitz-James (possibly called Smith O’Brien), 153, 535

O’Brien, William Smith, 535

O’Connor, George, 511

489. See also Life on the Mississippi

Olney, Jesse, 360, 611

“The Only Reliable Account of the Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” 621

•Onteora Park (N.Y.), 250–53, 571, 573

Orr, Charles, 153–54, 535–36

Osgood, James R., 53–54, 489, 492, 501, 521

Overland Monthly, 120, 518, 520, 521

Owsley, William, 590

Oxford University, 291, 341, 587, 652

Oyster, D. William, 7

Page, B. B., 413–15, 629

Page, Thomas Nelson, 598

Paige, James W., 74, 80, 158–60, 505, 537, 539

Paine, Albert Bigelow: and billiards, 620–21; on “Captain Stormfield’s Visit to Heaven,” 550–51; at copyright hearings, 317, 596; on Hancock’s Reminiscences, 500; on “Luck,” 537; and Orion’s autobiography, 472–73; as photographer of SLC, 203, 204–10, 554; as posthumous editor of SLC’s works, 526, 530, 533, 462; shin-skinning coincidence, 403–4; on SLC’s reading of Suetonius, 614; mentioned, 511, 565, 652

Palace of Peace (The Hague), 172, 541

Palmistry: readings of SLC arranged by Stead, 336–37, 604; readings of SLC arranged by Harvey, and “Palm Readings” manuscript, 390–401, 624, 640; SLC’s longevity predicted, 392, 395, 396, 400, 640; SLC’s sense of humor discussed, 336–37, 390–91, 397, 399–400, 624. See also Fortune telling and divination; Phrenology

Panama City, 549

Parsloe, Charles T., 423–24, 636

Patents. See Inventions and patents

Patterson, Thomas MacDonald, 410, 628

Paul Jones (steamboat), 238, 566, 649

Peake, Humphrey, 300–303, 589, 590

Pearl, William H. (Billy Rice), 293–94, 587, 588

Pearmain, Sumner B., 246, 548

Penn, William, 340, 605

Pennsylvania (steamboat), 150–51, 531, 532

Pennsylvania Railroad, 116, 436, 440–41, 515

Pennsylvania Society, 595

Pensions: for Grant, with title restored, 68, 70–71, 496; for Lewis, 173, 175, 543; SLC’s scheme for providing, 279–81, 582–83; for teachers, 541; for veterans, 371–74, 387, 615–17

Perin, Carl Louis, 396–400, 624

Perkins, Eli (Melville D. Landon), 153, 534

Perkins, George W., 107, 511

Perkins, Mary Beecher, 643

Perkins Institute, 582

Perry, R. Ross, 7

Personal Memoirs (Ulysses S. Grant): Caesar’s “Commentaries” compared, 71–72; contract negotiations, 60–64, 493–94; publication and sales, 65, 73, 505, 651; royalties paid to Mrs. Grant, 73–76, 255, 497–99, 574; mentioned, 69, 269, 503

Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc, 197, 353, 608–9, 651

Peterson, Frederick, 579

“A Petition to the Queen of England,” 179–80, 545–46

Petroglyphs, 364, 613

Pets. See Clemens family pets

P. F. Collier and Son, 143–44, 528

Phelps, Elizabeth Stuart, 194, 550

Phelps, William Walter, 157, 536

Philadelphia American Courier, 561

Philadelphia Bar Association, 308–9, 592

Phillips, Wendell, 282, 584

Philological Society of London, 581

Phrenology, 334–36, 391, 603–4

Picard, Hélène Elisabeth, 28–29, 473–74, 474

“Pictur’ Department,” 561

Pigeon, Richard Walter, 560

Plasmon Company, 625

Platt, Thomas Collier, 3, 387, 457, 458

Playboy (periodical), 624

The Players club (N.Y.), 426, 540, 565, 607

Pliny the Younger (Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus), 110, 512

Poe, Edgar Allan, 323, 339, 563, 599, 619

•Pond, James B., 183–84, 280, 547, 583

•Pond, James B., Jr., 280, 583

Pool. See Billiards

Porter, Horace, 187, 547

Porter, Sarah, 278, 581

Practical jokes: Sage’s joke on Twichell, 251, 253–55; SLC’s joke on Jim Wolf, 262–63; SLC’s opinion, 4, 262, 263

“Prayer” (SLC note), 545

Presbyterians, 117, 175, 462, 468, 523

Price, Luther E., 559

•The Prince and the Pauper: children’s playacting (and photographs noted), 165–66, 216, 331, 540, 602; composition, 155–56, 196, 552; family’s opinion, 332, 353; publication, 52, 54, 353, 489, 651; readers’ opinions, 14, 16; review by Howells, 602; stage production, 557–58

Pseudonyms (SLC): “A Dog-be-Deviled-Citizen,” 561; Josh, 562, 566–67; Sergeant Fathom, 561; Thomas Jefferson Snodgrass, 231, 563; W. Epaminondas Adrastus Blab (W.E.A.B.), 560–61. See also “Mark Twain” pseudonym

Publishers. See American Publishing Company; Bliss, Elisha; Bliss, Francis E.; Carleton, George B.; Charles L. Webster and Company; Chatto and Windus; George Routledge and Sons; Harper and Brothers; Hotten, John Camden; Osgood, James R.; P. F. Collier and Son, 143–44, 528; Tauchnitz, Christian Bernhard von; Webb, Charles H.

Publishers’ Weekly, 144–45, 528–29, 597

Pudd’nhead Wilson, The Tragedy of, 543, 651

Pumpelly, Raphael, 555

Punishment: of Clemens children, 223–24, 327–29, 600; Darwin’s opinion, 223–24, 557; by God/Providence, 117, 130, 138–39, 142–43; of SLC in childhood, 177–78, 237, 545

Putnam, George Haven, 317, 597

Pyrrhus, 330

Quaker City excursion: 17–18, 48–49, 239, 466, 482, 486–87, 489. See also The Innocents Abroad

“Quaker” (game), 382–83

•Quarry Farm (Elmira, N.Y.): daily routine, 218; Date 1601 written, 155; Kipling’s visit, 175–77, 544; Lewis’s rescue of women, 173–74, 542–43; pets and other animals, 216–18, 223, 247–48, 257, 556; servants, 542; SLC conceives play idea, 19, 467; SLC’s history game, 351–52, 608; mentioned, 46, 242, 353, 497, 571, 650. See also Clemens family amusements

Quimby, Phineas, 247, 571

Rabelais, François, 155–56

Radolin, Hugo von (prince, formerly Count Radolinski), 594

Railey, Dr. (called Reyburn), 301, 590

Railroads: accidents, 359, 361, 436, 440–41, 612, 615; in Africa, 340, 605; invalid’s car for Olivia, 99, 507–8; and Stephenson, 289, 586

Raleigh, Walter, 155, 537

Ralston, William C., 193, 550

Randall, Samuel J., 598

Rawlinson, Henry Creswicke, 363–65, 613

Raymond, John T., 636

Raymond, Katherine B., 46, 484

Rayner, George, 646

Rayner, Horace, 447, 646

Reade, Charles, 346, 606

“A Record of the Small Foolishnesses of Susie & ‘Bay’ Clemens (Infants),” 222–25, 330, 557, 593

•Redpath, James: as abolitionist, 255–56, 574–75; as lecture agent, 40, 43–44, 256, 482, 483, 584; on SLC’s character, 255; and SLC’s Grant dictations, 493–94

Reed, Thomas B., 455, 648

Rees, George, 562

Rees, Thomas, 229, 230–33, 562,563

Rees, William S. (elder Rees), 234–35, 562, 563

Reese, “Professor” Bert (German clairvoyant), 401–3, 625–26

“The Refuge of the Derelicts,” 196, 198, 549, 552

Religion: changing constantly, 135–36, 371; mythologies shared, 130–31, 522–23. See also Bible; Christianity; God; Morality

Renwick, James, 23, 471

Review of Reviews, 604

Rhodes, Cecil, 605

Rice, Billy (William H. Pearl), 293–94, 587, 588

Rice, Clarence C., 158–59, 538

Richards, Charles B., 54, 490

Richardson, Abby Sage, 557–58

Richardson, Albert Deane, 48, 486

Richardson, Mason W., 7

Richardson, Robert, 376–77, 619

Richmond Theatre (Richmond, Va.), 301–3, 591

Ridder, Herman, 432–33, 640

Ridout, John, 7

Riggs, George Christopher, 270, 579

Riggs, Kate Douglas Wiggin, 270–72, 579, 580

Riley, James Whitcomb, 554

Ripler, Minna, 439, 443

Riverdale, 82, 99–107, 506–8, 511, 651

“River Intelligence,” 561

Robb, James Hampden, 595

lton Memorial Association, 14, 15, 59, 465, 493

Robinson, George M., 378–80, 620

Robinson, Henry, 79

Robson, Eleanor, 638–39

Robson, Stuart, 631–32

Rockefeller family, 116

Rogers, Anne Engle (Mrs. William Evarts Benjamin), 622

Rogers, Emilie Augusta Randel Hart, 582

Rogers, Mary (Mrs. William R. Coe), 572, 578

•Rogers, Henry Huttleston: Bahamas trip with SLC, 455, 648; bankruptcy advice for SLC, 79–80, 159–60, 162, 504; characterized by SLC, 161–62; and Helen Keller’s support, 582; and Lewis’s pension, 171, 172–73, 175; and Library of Humor,149, 531; political enemy of Clark, 623; SLC’s meeting, 158–59; and SLC’s investments, 80, 505, 539. See also Fairhaven; Kanawha; Standard Oil Company

Roman, Anton, 520

Rome: ancient, 323–24, 364–65, 369, 372, 614; modern, 344, 157

Roosevelt, Theodore: biographical information, 464; Barnes and Morris incident, 3, 6–8, 11–12, 460; called worst president, 9; food safety, 116, 516; pensions for veterans, 372, 616; and Simplified Spelling, 266, 274, 578, 580; SLC’s visit, 461; mentioned, 13, 312, 463, 476, 595

Root, Elihu, 312–14, 595

Root, R. T., 76, 499

Rosa (nurse). See Hay, Rosina

Rosetta stone, 363–64, 613

Rostopchine, Sophie, comtesse de Ségur, 556

Rottenburg, Franz von, 594

Roughing It: contents and characters, 458, 549, 566, 632; contract and publication, 50–53, 143, 487, 488, 527–28, 608, 641, 650; English edition, 641, 650; and Fuller, 37, 480; Higbie’s use, 169–70; Monk-Greeley anecdote, 200–203, 554; praised, 351

Routledge, Edmund, 435–36, 641–42. See also George Routledge and Sons

Rowbotham, George B., 41, 483

Rowley, Thomas, 247, 570

Roxburghe (duke of), 415, 629–30

Royalty Theatre (London), 560

Rucker, D. H., 464

Rucker, Irene (Mrs. Philip H. Sheridan), 464

Ruhlin, Augustus, 12, 463

Russia: Chinese conflict, 13, 465; oppression and famine, 307–8, 592; pogroms, 132–34, 524;

Russo-Japanese War (1904–5), 134–35, 369–70, 525, 615

Rutland (Vt.) Globe, 22, 470–71

Sable Brothers (minstrel troupe), 588

Sacramento Union, 38, 239, 481, 567, 641, 650

Sage, Dean: biographical information, 536, 573; acquaintances, 251, 271; and Beecher trial, 574; practical joke on Twichell, 253–55, 574; and SLC’s Date 1601, 156

Sage, Henry W., 479, 480, 536, 574

Saint Bartholomew’s Day, 134, 534

Sala, George Augustus, 642

Salt Lake City (Utah), 37–38

Samossoud, Clara Clemens. See Clemens, Clara Langdon

Samossoud, Jacques, 655

Sanders, Burton, 325–26

Sandwich Islands: and Hornet disaster, 435, 641; SLC’s lectures, 38–40, 200, 280, 481–82, 553, 583; SLC’s letters for Sacramento Union, 38, 239, 567, 650

San Francisco: restaurants, 324, 599–600; SLC’s acquaintances and activities, 113, 118, 380–81, 514, 588; SLC’s arrival and departure, 20–21, 38, 46, 468, 470, 512; SLC’s experience of earthquake (1865), 112, 513; SLC’s journalism, 111–17, 239, 513–15, 549, 567, 588, 621; SLC’s lectures, 38, 200, 481, 553; SLC’s visit (1868), 512; treatment of Chinese, 115, 515; U.S. Mint, 117–19, 517. See also San Francisco earthquake and fire (1906)

San Francisco Alta California, 193, 514, 549, 550, 588

San Francisco Chronicle, 479, 632

San Francisco Dramatic Chronicle, 513, 621

San Francisco earthquake and fire (1906), 110–14, 117, 191–92, 245–46, 512–14, 516, 599, 621

San Francisco Evening Bulletin, 46, 484

San Francisco Minstrel Troupe, 588

San Francisco Morning Call: building, 117–18, 516–17; rumor of SLC’s second marriage, 565; SLC as local reporter, 114–17, 239, 514–15, 567, 621

San Francisco News Letter and California Advertiser, 517

Sargent, Epes, 588

Sartain, John, 562–63

Sartain’s Union Magazine of Literature and Art, 234, 562–63

Saturday Evening Post, 540

Saturday Morning Club, 419, 633

Saturday Press, 47, 485, 562, 650

Saturday Review, 475

Saunders, Millard, 630

Savage, Richard, 642

Savage Club (London), 435–36, 640–41, 642

Savarre, L. (called Savarin), 43, 483

Savoy Hotel (N.Y.), 558

Schaefer, Jacob, Sr., 384, 622

Schiller, Friedrich, 566

Schofield, John McAllister, 70, 496

Schooler, Martha (Patsy; SLC’s mother’s grandmother), 627

“Schoolhouse Hill,” 552, 588, 589

Schubert, Franz, 618

Scipio, Publius Cornelius Africanus, 330

Scotia (ship), 641

Scott, Frank M., 73–76, 498–99

Scovel (telephone man), 198–99

“Scraps from My Autobiography,” 576, 659–60

Scribners (Charles Scribner’s sons, publishers), 62, 148

Scribner’s Monthly, 572, 635, 638

Sears, Joseph H., 564

Selkirk, Alexander, 109, 512

Sellers, Isaiah, 230, 562

Sembrich, Marcella, 111–12, 512, 513

Senlac, battle of, 180, 546

Seventeenth Amendment (U.S. Constitution), 623

Shakespeare, William: folio edition discovered, 410–12, 628; Ireland’s forgeries, 247, 570–71; and palmistry, 390; and SLC’s Date 1601, 155–56, 537; and spelling, 277

references: “age has not withered . . .” (Antony and Cleopatra), 19; “feed fat the ancient grudge . . .” (The Merchant of Venice), 62, 158, 494, 538

Shaw, Henry Wheeler (Josh Billings), 153, 485, 534

Sheldon, George R. (president of the Union League), 389, 624

Sheridan, Irene Rucker, 464

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 13, 70, 181, 464, 500

Sherman, William Tecumseh, 62, 13, 70, 302, 464, 494, 496, 591

Sherry, Margaret (nurse), 102, 104, 107, 509

Sherry’s Restaurant (N.Y.), 272, 579

Shillaber, B. P., 153, 535

Shrady, George F., 66, 255, 495

Sikes, William Wirt, 45

Simms, William Gilmore, 563

Simmons (mesmerist), 298–300

“A Simplified Alphabet,” 578

Simplified Spelling: early movement (1883), 275, 581; later movement (1906), 273–74, 578, 580; SLC’s sketch set in Egypt, 266–69, 578; SLC’s speech to Associated Press, 245–46, 274–77, 563–64, 569

Sinclair, Upton, 116, 515–16

1601. See Date 1601

“Skeleton Novelette” (planned by Howells and SLC), 548

Sketches, New and Old, 53, 542, 602, 641, 650

Skinner, Otis, 466–67

Slavery: abolitionists, 255–56, 464, 573–75, 584; African, 461, 529; undesirable work as, 316–17

Slee, John D. F., 56, 491

Slosson, George F., 622

Slote, Daniel, 55, 489–90

Slote, Woodman and Company, 55, 490

Smalley, George W., 432, 640

Smarr, Sam, 590

Smiles, Samuel, 586

Smith, Elizabeth W. (Aunt Betsey), 296–97, 588

Smith, F. Hopkinson, 271–72, 579–80

Smith, George, 523

Smith, Joseph (Mormon), 247, 571

Smith, Joseph Lindon, 200, 203, 214–15, 553, 555–56

Smith, Roswell, 61, 63

Smith College, 16, 17, 465

Smoking, 66, 258, 405–6, 409

Sneider, Charles, 489

Snodgrass letters, 231–35, 563

Socialist Revolutionary Party, 564

Solberg, Thorvald, 286, 585

“Some Rambling Notes of an Idle Excursion,” 549, 551, 611–12

Sons of Veterans of the United States of America, 623

South Africa, 81, 175, 543. See also Boer War

Spain, 145, 189–90, 547

Sparhawk (mesmerist), 589

Spaulding, Clara L., 166, 225, 540, 556

Spaulding, John S., 582

Spelling. See Cacography; Simplified Spelling; Clemens, Olivia Susan, biography of SLC

Spencer, Herbert, 392, 625

Spenser, Edmund, 277

Sperling, Capt., 438–40, 443

“Spontaneous oratory.” See Clemens, Samuel Langhorne: pet schemes

Standard Oil Company, 159, 161, 504, 564, 582, 623, 651

Stanley, Henry M., 280, 436, 583, 642

Stationers’ Company (London), 605

Statute of Anne (Britain, 1710), 605

Stead, William T., 336–37, 390, 604, 624

•Stedman, Edmund Clarence, 78, 376, 503, 504, 618

Steele, Henry Milford, 426, 638

Stengel-Sembrich, Guillaume, 111–12,
512

Stephen of Blois (later king of England), 351, 365–67, 614

Stephenson, George, 289, 586

Stevens, Ed, 545

Stewart, William M., 180–81

St. James Hotel (N.Y.), 42, 55–56, 423, 482, 491

St. Louis (Mo.): Barret family home, 609–10; government corruption, 116, 525; James Ross Clemens home, 11, 463; Moffett family home, 492, 588, 627, 653; newspapers and journals mentioned, 230, 561, 588, 588–89 (see also titles of newspapers); SLC’s last visit, 532, 651; SLC’s lecture (1867), 280, 583; SLC takes mother to minstrel show, 296–97; mentioned, 10, 237, 408, 532, 649

St. Louis Missouri Democrat, 280, 583

St. Louis Missouri Republican, 561

St. Louis Reveille, 588, 589

St. Nicholas (periodical), 572, 573

Stockbridge, Anne W., 246, 548, 569, 570

Stockbridge, William H., 246, 569

Stockton, Francis R., 247, 250, 259, 260, 572, 575–76

Stoddard, Charles Warren, 118

Stoddard, Richard H., 563

Stoker, Dick, 621, 636

The Stolen White Elephant, Etc., 54, 489, 551

Stone, Bessie, 346, 355–56, 609

Stone, Melville, 564

Stormfield (Clemenses’ house in Redding, Conn.), 509, 579, 652, 656

Story, William Wetmore, 593

Stowe, Charles, 606

Stowe, Eliza Tyler, 341, 606

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 225, 339, 341, 441–42, 605–6

Stowe, Harriet Beecher (Harriet’s daughter), 341, 606

Suetonius, 365, 614

Sullivan, Annie. See Macy, Annie Sullivan

Sullivan, Arthur, 333, 537, 560, 603

Sullivan, Marion Dix, 588

Sulzberger, Cyrus L., 607

Sumner, Charles, 13, 464

Sutton, George H., 384–85, 622

Swain, Robert B., 118, 119, 517

Swift, Jonathan, 271, 579

Switzerland, 225, 651

Sylva, Carmen (Elisabeth of Romania), 97–98, 507

Talcott Mountain (Bartlett Tower), 156, 536

“Taming the Bicycle,” 575

Tammany Hall, 362, 464, 609, 612–13. See also Tweed, William M.

Tate, Henry, 560

Tate Gallery (London), 560

Tauchnitz, Christian Bernhard von (father), 323, 599

Tauchnitz, Christian Karl Bernhard von (son), 323, 599

Taylor, Bayard, 34, 417, 477, 553, 563,
631

Telephone: scarcity in London, 448–49; SLC’s first, in Hartford house, 56–57, 354, 491–92; trouble with, 98–99; value as invention, 446–47

Telharmonium, 447, 645

Teller, Charlotte (Mrs. Johnson, later Mrs. Hirsch), 236, 564–65

Tennessee land, of Clemens family, 21, 469

Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 360–61, 612

Terry, Ellen, 19, 467, 560

Terwilliger, Horace K., 568

Thaw, Evelyn Nesbit, 454, 647

Thiele, Miss, 439, 443

The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories, 596

Thompson, Annie Weeks (Mrs. Frank Fuller), 40–42, 482

Thompson, Jacob H., 40, 42, 482

Thomson, Mortimer (Q. K. Philander Doesticks), 153, 535

Thorpe, Rose Hartwick, 215, 556

“Those Extraordinary Twins,” 588

“Three Thousand Years Among the Microbes,” 196, 552

Thring (called Thwing), Henry, Lord, 288, 290–91, 339, 341, 586–87

Tiffany, Louis Comfort, 569, 571

Tiffany, Louise Comfort (Mrs. Rodman Gilder), 569

Tiffany and Company, 633

Tilden, Samuel J., 424–25, 519, 636–37

Tile Club, 579–80

Tillman, Benjamin, 3, 12, 457–58

Tilton, Elizabeth, 573

Tilton, Theodore, 573–74

Timothy (coachman), 542

Tobin, Miss, 100–102

Tom Sawyer. See The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

Tom Sawyer Abroad, 477

“Tom Sawyer’s Conspiracy,” 545, 590

“To the Person Sitting in Darkness,” 651

The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson, 543, 651

A Tramp Abroad: contents and characters, 16, 465, 539, 639; contract and publication, 51–52, 488, 651; Howells’s review, 602; sales and royalties, 52, 488; Wilhelm II’s appreciation, 431, 433–34

Travelers Accident Insurance Company, 55

Tremont Hotel (Boston), 256

Trevelyan, G. O., 586

A True Story, and the Recent Carnival of Crime, 489

“A True Story, Repeated Word for Word as I Heard It,” 542

Trumbull, James Hammond: characterized by SLC, 412–13, 629; and SLC’s idea for a play, 19–20, 467–68

Turner, Emily, 646

Turner, George Enoch, 238–39, 566

Turner, Louisa, 646

“The Turning Point of My Life,” 565

Tuskegee Institute, 8, 460–62

Tweed, William M. (“Boss”), 13, 388, 462, 464–65. See also Tammany Hall

•Twichell, Joseph H.: biographical information, 465, 511; bicycling, 258, 575; Clara visited by, 152; and Date 1601,155–56; handsomeness, 161; officiating at funerals, 108, 576; “Peters” alias, 194, 360, 612; Sage’s practical joke, 253–55, 574; school days, 360, 611; and Wakeman, 192, 194–95, 551

friendship with slc: Bermuda trips, 359–60, 611–12; correspondence, 103–7, 508, 510, 551; SLC’s gratitude, 160; SLC’s “Luck” based on report, 157, 344, 537; SLC’s sixty-seventh birthday dinner, 105, 510; travels in Germany, 15, 16, 181–82, 465, 546; walk to Bartlett (Talcott) Tower, 156, 536; walk to Boston, 380, 620, 643–44

Twichell, Julia Curtis (Judy), 107, 511

Twichell, Julia Harmony Cushman, 546

Typewriter, 445–47, 643–45

Underwood Johnson. See Johnson, Robert Underwood

Union League Club (N.Y.), 387–90, 410, 622, 622–24

Uniontown Northern Californian, 518

Upton House. See Dublin (N.H.)

U.S. Congress (House and Senate): Barnes’s appointment, 6, 11–12, 460; direct election of senators, 623; Grant’s pension and title restored, 70, 496; John Marshall Monument Fund authorized, 593; pension bills, 372–74, 431, 615–17; presidential election (1876), 636–37; Simplified Spelling, 580; SLC’s opinion of senators, 55–56, 387–88, 409–10, 490–91, 497, 622–23. See also Copyright

U.S. Constitution, 314, 322, 337, 599, 623

U.S. Mint (San Francisco), 117–19, 517

U.S. State Department, 8, 461

U.S. Steel Corporation, 505

U.S. Supreme Court, 308–9, 480, 592–93, 621–22

Utah Territory, 37–38

Vanderbilt family, 116

Van de Velde, Arthur, 635–36

Van de Velde, Hydeline de Seigneux, 635–36

van Dyke, Henry, 462, 510

Vassar College, 15–17, 465–66

Versen, Alice Clemens von, 593–94

Versen, Maximilian von, 432, 593–94

Vesuvius, Mount, 109–10, 512

Victoria (empress dowager of Prussia), 432

Victoria (queen of England): favorite recitations, 556; Jubilee, 134, 525; SLC’s “Petition,” 179–80, 545–46; mentioned, 352, 559, 599

Vienna (Austria): Clara’s piano study, 509, 655; Clemenses’ stay, 27, 80, 81, 162, 448, 651, 99, 162, 473, 507; Hotel Krantz, 227–28, 559; Hotel Metropole, 507; and Lindau, 312, 594; mesmerism incident, 304–6, 591–92; SLC’s works composed, 574, 602

Villa di Quarto. See Florence

“Villagers of 1840–3,” 626

Virginia: letter from SLC admirer, 351; Old Point Comfort resort, 100, 107, 508; Richmond Theatre burned, 301–3, 591; Virginians living in Hannibal, 301–3, 590

Virginia City (Nev.): ball, 24, 471; SLC’s acquaintances, 481, 484, 514; SLC’s arrival and departure, 468, 567

Virginia City Territorial Enterprise: SLC as reporter, 5, 238–39, 458, 567; SLC’s “Josh” letters, 562, 566–67, 649; SLC’s sketches, 485, 513. See also Goodman, Joseph T.

Virginia City Union. See Fitch, Thomas

Wagner, Richard, 164, 294, 539

•Wakeman, Edgar (Ned): biographical information, 193, 548–49; as inspiration for SLC’s writing, 192–94, 198, 549–

Wakeman, Edgar (continued)
51; SLC’s appeal for financial aid, 193, 550; spelling, 195, 413; and Twichell, 192, 194–95, 551; work: The Log of an Ancient Mariner, 549

•Wakeman, Mary E. Lincoln, 193, 549

Waldorf-Astoria Hotel (N.Y.), 32, 477, 563–64, 595, 640

Walpole, Horace, 247, 570

Walters, William Thompson, 77, 502

Walters Art Museum (Baltimore), 502

Wambold, David, 293–94, 588

Ward, Artemus (Charles Farrar Browne), 46, 153, 484, 484–85

Ward, Ferdinand, 61–62, 66–67

Ward, John, 411, 628

Ward, Lewis P., 113, 514

Warner, Charles Dudley: death, 260, 576; family, 540; and the Fiskes, 34–35, 477–49; guest at Onteora, 251; on Susy and Clara, 224; tribute for SLC’s fiftieth birthday, 259, 260, 575, 577, 578; work: The Gilded Age (with SLC), 533, 641, 650

Warner, Elisabeth Gillette (Lilly; Mrs. George H. Warner), 331, 540, 557, 602

Warner, Frank, 166, 333, 540

Warner, George H., 165–66, 176–77, 540

Warner, Susan (Susy; Mrs. Charles Dudley Warner), 34, 251, 330, 333, 478, 602

•Warner, Margaret (Daisy), 333, 602

“The War-Prayer,” 526, 651

Washington (D.C.): Clara’s public singing, 567; John Marshall Monument, 306, 308–9, 592–93; proposed murals for Capitol, 535; SLC’s visits, 8, 180, 461. See also Copyright; U.S. Congress

Washington, Booker T., 8, 414–15, 460–61

Washington, George, 9, 335, 496, 589

Washington Evening Star, 6–7, 12

Washington Ladies’ Literary Association, 597–98

Washington Post, 572, 576

“Was it Heaven? Or Hell?,” 83–96, 103–4, 107, 506

Wasps. See Insects

Watt, James, 586

W.C.T.U. (Woman’s Christian Temperance Union), 362, 613

Webb, Charles H.: biographical information, 484; Californian contributions, 118; The Celebrated Jumping Frog published, 46–48, 49–50, 143, 485, 487–88

•Webster, Annie Moffett (SLC’s niece), 21, 469 , 489, 492, 494, 653

•Webster, Charles L.: biographical information, 21, 77–78, 492, 496, 502–3; and bookkeeper’s embezzlement, 73–76, 499; books acquired or rejected, 76–77, 78, 499–502; characterized by SLC, 58–59, 64–66, 68, 73–77, 497–98, 505; Jewish ancestry suggested, 69, 496; salary, 54, 57–58, 64, 65, 493, 494, 495, 499; and SLC’s patents, 54, 57, 489–90. See also Charles L. Webster and Company

Webster, Samuel Charles, 494–95, 498

Wells, Samuel R., 335, 604

Wenneberg, Mrs., 439, 443

West Point Military Academy, 72, 155, 157, 496, 497, 535–36

What Cheer House (San Francisco), 324, 599

What Is Man?: composition and publication, 332, 399, 527, 602–3, 625, 652; SLC dictation that reprises philosophy, 140–43, 527

“ ‘What Ought He to Have Done?’: Mark Twain’s Opinion,” 328–29, 600–601

•Wheeler, Candace, 247, 571

•Wheeler, Dora, 247, 571

“Which Was It?,” 196, 552

Whitcher, Frances Miriam Berry (Widow Bedott), 45, 483

White, Andrew Dickson, 33, 477, 478, 479–80

White, Cool, 588

White, Stanford, 429, 454–56, 607, 647

Whiteley, William, 447–52, 645–46

Whitford, Daniel: biographical information, 493; characterized by SLC, 59, 66, 75, 493; and Webster’s employment contracts, 58, 59, 64, 78, 495, 503

Whitman, Walt, 13, 464, 619

Whittier, John Greenleaf, 339

The Whole Family (collaborative novel), 190, 547–48

“Why Not Abolish It?,” 647–48

Whyte, Frederic, 603

Wiggin, Kate. See Riggs, Kate Douglas Wiggin

Wilbur, Homer C., 234, 562–63

Wiley and Putnam, 597. See also Putnam, George Haven

Wilhelm II (emperor of Germany and king of Prussia): appreciation of SLC’s books, 310, 315, 431, 433–34; SLC’s dinner with, 309, 310–12, 430–32, 593–95

Wilhelmina (queen of the Netherlands), 444, 643

Wilkerson (fictional name of palm reader), 403, 404

Willard, Frances, 414, 629

William I (the Conqueror; king of England), 351

William IV (king of England), 228, 560

William Rufus (king of England), 351–52

Williams, Henry (father), 514

Williams, Henry Alston (son), 514

Williams, Richard, 113–14, 514

Williams, Theresa Ann Gillis, 514

Williams, Thomas E., 588

Williams, William, 549

Wilson, James H. (Ends of the Earth Club chairman), 226, 558

Wolf, Jim, 260–63, 589

Wolseley, Garnet Joseph, Lord, 157, 344–45, 537, 537–38

Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.), 362, 613

Women’s University Club, 14–18, 465–66

Wood, Charles Erskine Scott, 155, 350, 535–36, 536, 607

Wood, Howard Ogden, 511

Wood, Leonard, 9, 462

Woolsey, Sarah Chauncey (Susan Coolidge), 375–76, 617

Wootton, Francis H., 480

Wordsworth, William, 347

Work, Henry Clay, 591

Worth, Charles Frederick, 43, 483

Wright, Foster P. (judge), 151, 533

•Wright, Laura Mary (Mrs. Charles T. Dake), 531–32; fortune teller on romance with SLC, 404–5, 407, 408; letters to SLC (1906), 151, 211, 405, 533, 554; SLC’s reminiscences, 149–51, 211, 531–33

Wright, Orville and Wilbur, 612

“Ye Sentimental Law Student,” 562, 567

York Harbor (Maine), 82, 97, 101, 506–8, 552

Young, Andrew, 587

Young, Warren, 12

Youngblood, William C., 211, 531, 532

Young Men’s Christian Association, 8–9, 462

“Yreka,” source of name, 118, 415, 517. See also Harte, Bret

Yung Wing, 551

Zodiac (astrology), 226, 558–59