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Autobiographical Dictation, 10 October 1906 ❉ Textual Commentary

Source documents.

TS1 ribbon      Typescript, leaves numbered 1330–40, made from Hobby’s notes and revised.
TS1 carbon      Typescript carbon, leaves numbered 1330–40, revised.
NAR 22pf (lost)      Galley proofs of NAR 22, typeset from the revised TS1 carbon and further revised (conjecturally); now lost.
NAR 22      North American Review 186 (September 1907), 8–12: ‘Susy has . . . to suffer.’ (251.27–253.17); ‘Along about . . . with it.” ’ (253.17–255.9).

Clemens revised TS1 ribbon, and then Lyon transferred most of his revisions to TS1 carbon. Clemens then further revised TS1 carbon to serve as printer’s copy for NAR 22. NAR editor David Munro added several revisions of his own, and the dictation was published with an excerpt from the AD of 19 January 1906 (dated 12 March 1906 in NAR) and the entire AD of 20 December 1906. Several substantive changes that were introduced in NAR 22 text have been adopted as authorial revisions on the missing proofs (‘contribution’ changed to ‘interruption’ at 252.29, ‘Sage’ to ‘He’ at 253.28, and ‘eats’ to ‘gorges’ at 255.6). Punctuation changes in NAR 22 have been deemed editorial and rejected. On a separate sheet of paper, originally pinned to p. 1336 of TS1 carbon (near ‘attack of dysentery’ at 253.27), Lyon wrote the following note:

Dear Mr. Munro:

Instead of “attack of dysentery” read “illness”—?

I make the suggestion at Miss Clemens’s request. I.V.L.

That “softening” is rejected from the present text.

Marginal Notes on TS1 carbon Concerning Publication in NAR

Location on TS Writer, Medium Exact Inscription Explanation
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 Lyon, ink, canceled in ink by SLC to be corrected  
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink 1 use as the first section of the NAR installment
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink Begin at bottom of this p. begin the excerpt at ‘Susy has’ (251.27)
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink, canceled in ink Usable—down to end of first ¶ on 1334 SLC originally planned to end the excerpt at ‘of me.’ (253.3) and then changed his mind
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink 4 R pages number of NAR pages
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink leave out omit the text from ‘I couldn’t’ to ‘night before.’ (251.18–26)
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 SLC, ink Begin here begin the excerpt at ‘Susy has’
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 Munro, pencil summary paragraph deleted  
TS1 carbon, p. 1330 unidentified NAR editor, pencil 1879 1890 years of the events in this AD
TS1 carbon, p. 1335 SLC, ink STOP. SKIP to next page. omit the text from ‘In ’73’ (253.17) to ‘your life.’ (253.26)
TS1 carbon, pp. 1335–36 SLC, ink leave out ‖ Leave out on each page omit the text from ‘In ’73’ to ‘your life.’
TS1 carbon, p. 1336 SLC, ink Begin here & go on to the end resume the text at ‘Along about’ (253.27)
Wednesday,textual note October 10, 1906

The visit to Onteora—Dinner at Mrs. Dodge’s—Mr. Clemens’s method of quieting the racket at table—Some of the practical jokes which Dean Sageexplanatory note played on Mr. Twichell.

I couldn’t finish, yesterday. It was one of those exasperating times when the brain is clogged and muddy and the words refuse to come: atextual note body may know quite well what he wants to say; the idea in his mind may have shape and form, but by no ingenuity can the right words be found for the phrasing. Sometimes dogged persistency and determined effort will eventually improve the conditions and turn on the words and make them flow, but this does not often happen. The thing that does happen is that you may lose your temper, break some furniture, and quit for the day. That is what happened yesterday. When the words will not come there is always a good reason for it, and always the same reason—broken sleep the night before.

Susytextual note has named a number of the friends who were assembled at Onteora at the time of our visit,textual note but there were others—among them Laurence Hutton, Charles Dudley Warner, and Carrolltextual note Beckwithexplanatory note, and their wives.textual note It was a bright and jollytextual note company. Some of those choice spirits are still with us; the others have passed from this life: Mrs. Clemens, Susy, Mr.textual note Warner, Mary Mapes Dodge, Laurence Hutton, Dean Sage—peace to their ashes!textual note Susy is in error in thinking Mrs. Dodge was not there at that time; we were her guestsexplanatory note.textual note

We arrived at nightfall, dreary from a tiresome journey; but the dreariness did not last. Mrs. Dodge had provided a home-made banquet, and the happy company sat down to it, twenty strong, or more. Then the thing happened which always happens at large dinners, and is always exasperating: everybody talked to his elbow-matestextual note and all talked [begin page 252] at once, and graduallytextual note raisedtextual note their voices higher, and higher, and higher, in the desperate effort to be heard. It was like a riot, an insurrection; it was an intolerable volume of noise. Presently I said to the lady next me—textual note

“I will subdue this riot,textual note I will silence this racket. There is only one way to do it, but I know the art. You must tilt your head toward mine and seem to be deeply interested in what I am saying; I will talk in a low voice; then,textual note just because our neighbors won’t be able to hear me, they will want textual note to hear me.textual note If I mumble long enough—say two minutes—you will see that the dialogues will one after another come to a standstill, and there will be silence, not a sound anywhere but my mumbling.”textual note

Then in a very low voice I began:

“When I went outtextual note to Chicago, eleven years ago, to witness the Grant festivitiesexplanatory note, there was a great banquet on the first night, with six hundred ex-soldiers present. The gentleman who sat next me was Mr. Medill, proprietor of the Chicago Tribune textual note explanatory note. He was very hard of hearing, and he had a habit common to deaf people of shouting his remarks instead of delivering them in an ordinary voice. He would handle his knife and fork in reflective silence for five or six minutes at a time and then suddenly fetch out a shout that would make youtextual note jump out of the United States.”textual note

By this time the insurrection at Mrs. Dodge’s table—at least that part of it in my immediate neighborhood—had died down, and the silence was spreading, couple by couple, down the long table. I went on in a lower and still lower mumble, and most impressively—

“During one of Mr. Medill’stextual note mute intervals, a man opposite us approached the end of a story which he had been telling his elbow-neighbortextual note. He was speaking in a low voice—there was much noise—I was deeply interested, and straining my ears to catch his words—textual notestretching my neck, holding my breath, totextual note hear, unconscious of everything but the fascinating tale. I heard him say,textual note ‘At this point he seized her by her long hair—she shrieking and begging—bent her neck across his knee, and with one awful sweep of the razor——’textual note

“ ‘HOWtextual note DO YOU LIKE CHICA-A-AGO!!!’ ”textual note

That was Medill’stextual note interruptiontextual note, hearable at thirty miles.textual note By the timetextual note I had reached that place in my mumblings Mrs. Dodge’s dining roomtextual note was so silent, so breathlessly still, that if you had dropped a thought anywhere in it you could have heard it smacktextual note the floor.* When I delivered that yell the entire dinner company jumped as one person, and punchedtextual note their heads throughtextual note the ceiling, damaging it, for it was only lath and plaster, and it all came down on us, and much of it went into the victuals and made them gritty, but no one was hurt.textual note Then I explained why it was that I had played that game, and begged them to take the moral of it home to their hearts and be rational and merciful thenceforth,textual note and cease from screamingtextual note in mass, and agree to let one person talk at a time and the rest listen in grateful and unvexed peace. They granted my prayer, and we had a happy time all the rest of the evening;textual note I do not think I have ever had a better time in


*This was tried. I well remember it. M.T., Oct., ’06. textual note [begin page 253] my life.textual note This was largely because the new terms enabled me to keep the floor—now that I had it—andtextual note do all the talking myself. I do like to hear myself talk. Susy has exposed this in her Biography of me.textual note

Dean Sage was a delightful man, yet in one way a terror to his friends, for he loved them so well that he could not refrain from playing practical jokes on them. We have to be pretty deeply in love with a person before we can do him the honor of joking familiarly with him. Dean Sage was the best citizen I have known in America. It takes courage to be a good citizen, and he had plenty of it. He allowed no individual and no corporation to infringe his smallest right and escape unpunished. He was very rich, and very generous, and benevolent, and he gave away his money with a prodigal hand; but if an individual or a corporationtextual note infringed a right of his, to the value of ten cents, he would spend thousands of dollars’ worth of time and labor and moneytextual note and persistence on the matter, and would nottextual note lower his flag until he had won his battletextual note or lost it.

He and Reverendtextual note Joe Twichelltextual note had been classmates in collegeexplanatory note, and to the day of Sage’s death they were as fond of each other as a pair of sweethearts.textual note It follows, without saying, that whenever Sage found an opportunity to play a joke upon Twichell, Twichelltextual note was sure to suffer. In ’73, when Reverendtextual note Henry Ward Beecher was being tried in Brooklyn, the luster of his nametextual note and the national interest in the scandal involved in the trialtextual note brought Congregational clergymen to Brooklyn from all over America, and kept the Brooklyn streets populous with clerical coats and clerical white cravats as long as the trial lasted. Twichell went there to help watch the trial, and of course was a guest in the Sage mansionexplanatory note. Twichell and Sage would walk down the street dailytextual note with arms locked—Twichell of course wearing the costume that advertised his sacred office to all spectators—and whenever they got within earshot of a group of clergymen Sage would burst out with an impassioned irruption of profanity,textual note slap Twichell on the back, and say approvingly,

“Your very remark,textual note Dominie, and you never said a truer thing in your life!textual note

Along about 1873textual note Sage fell a victim to an attack of dysenterytextual note explanatory note which reduced him to a skeleton, and defiedtextual note all the efforts of the physicians to cure it. Hetextual note went to the Adirondacks and took Twichelltextual note with him. Sage had always been an active man, and he couldn’t idle any day whollytextual note away in inanition, but walked every day to the limit of his strength. One day, toward nightfall, the pairtextual note came upon a humbletextual note log cabin which bore these words painted upon a shingle: “Entertainment for Man and Beast.” Theytextual note were obliged to stop there for the night, Sage’s strength being exhausted. They entered the cabin,textual note and found its owner and sole occupant there, a rugged and sturdy and simple-hearted man of middle agetextual note. He cooked supper and placed it before the travelerstextual note—salt junk, boiled beans, corn breadtextual note and black coffee. Sage’s stomach could abide nothing but the most delicate food, therefore this banquet revolted him, and he sat at the table unemployed, while Twichelltextual note fed ravenously, limitlessly,textual note gratefully; for hetextual note had been chaplain in a fighting regiment all through the war, and had kept in perfection the grand and uncritical appetite and splendidtextual note physical vigortextual note which those four years of tough fare and activity had furnished him. Sage went supperless to bed, and tossed and writhedtextual note all night upon a shuck mattress that was full of attentive and interested corn-cobstextual note. In the morning Joetextual note was ravenous [begin page 254] again, and devoured the odious breakfast astextual note contentedlytextual note and as delightedly as he had devoured its twin the night before. Sage sat upon the porch, empty, and contemplated the performance and meditated revenge. Presently he beckoned to the landlord and took him aside and had a confidential talk with him. He said,

“I am the paymaster. What is the bill?”

“Two suppers, fifty cents; two beds, thirty cents; two breakfasts, fifty cents—totaltextual note a dollar and thirty cents.”

Sage said, “Go back and make out the bill,textual note and fetch it to me heretextual note on the porch. Make it thirteen dollars.”

“Thirteen dollars! Whytextual note it’s impossible! I am no robber. I am charging you what I charge everybody. It’s a dollar and thirty cents, and that’s all it is.”

“My man, I’ve got something to say about this as well as you. It’s thirteen dollars. You’lltextual note make out your bill for that, and you’ll take textual note it, too, or you’ll not get a cent.”

The man was troubled, and said,textual note “I don’t understand this. I can’t make it out.”

Well,textual note I understand it. I know what I am about. It’s thirteen dollars, and I want the bill made out for that. There’stextual note no other terms. Get it ready and bring it out here. I will examine it and be outraged. You understand?textual note I will dispute the bill. You must stand to it; youtextual note must refuse to take less. I will begin to lose my temper; you must begin to lose yours. I will call you hard names; you must answer with harder ones. I will raise my voice; you must raise yours. You must gotextual note into a rage—foam at the mouth, if you can; inserttextual note some soap,textual note to help it along. Now go along and follow your instructions.”

The man played his assignedtextual note part,textual note and played it well. He brought the bill and stood waiting for results. Sage’stextual note face began to cloud up, his eyes to snap, and his nostrils to inflate like a horse’s; then hetextual note broke out with—

Thirteen dollars! textual note You mean to say that you charge thirteen dollars for these damned inhuman hospitalities of yours? Are you a professional buccaneer?textual note Is it your custom to——textual note

The man burst in with spirit:textual noteNowtextual note I don’t want any more out of you—that’s a plenty. The bill is thirteen dollars,textual note and you’ll pay textual note it—that’s all. Atextual note couple of characterless adventurers, bilking their waytextual note through this country and attempting to dictate terms to a gentleman! atextual note gentleman who receivedtextual note you supposing you were gentlemen yourselves, whereas in my opinion hell’stextual note full of——textual note

Sage broke in—

“Nottextual note another word of that!—textual noteI won’t have it. I regard you as the lowest downtextual note thief that ever——textual note

“Don’ttextual note you use that word again!textual note By ——textual note I’ll take you by the neck and——”

Twichelltextual note came rushing out, and just as the two were about to grapple he pushed himself between them and began totextual note implore—

Ohtextual note Dean, don’t, don’t! textual notenowtextual note Mr. Smith, control yourtextual note Oh, think of your family, Dean!—think what a scandal——”textual note

But they burst out with maledictions, imprecations,textual note and all the hard names they [begin page 255] could dig out of the rich accumulations oftextual note their educatedtextual note memories, and in the midst of it the man shouted,textual note

“When gentlemen textual note come to this house, I treat them as textual note gentlemen. When people come to this house with the ordinary Christiantextual note appetites of gentlemen, I charge them a dollar and thirty cents for what I furnished you; but when a man brings a hellfiredtextual note Famine here that gorges atextual note barrel of pork and four barrels of beans at two sittings—”textual note

Sage broke in,textual note in a voice that was eloquent with remorse and self-reproach,textual note

“Itextual note never thought of that, and I ask your pardon;textual note I am ashamed of myself and of my friend.textual note Here’s your thirteen dollars, and my apologies along with it.”

Textual Notes Wednesday, October 10, 1906
  Wednesday, ●  Wednesday, (TS1 ribbon)  Wednesday, Dictated  (TS1 carbon-SLC) 
  come: a ●  come: . A a period mended to a colon; ‘A’ marked for lowercase with a slash and ‘l.c.’  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon) 
  Susy ●  Susy (TS1 ribbon)  . . . . [Dictated, October 10, 1906.] Susy SLC inserted the ellipses; Munro canceled them and inserted the dateline  (TS1 carbon SLC + Munro)  [Dictated, October 10, 1906.] Susy (NAR 22) 
  visit, ●  visit, (TS1 ribbon, NAR 22)  visit, visit,  (TS1 carbon-SLC) 
  Carroll ●  Carrol (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  Carroll (NAR 22) 
  Beckwith, and their wives. ●  Beckwith. (TS1 ribbon)  Beckwith. , and their wives.  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Beckwith, and their wives. (NAR 22) 
  1890  ●  1890  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-SLC)  (1890.) inset  (NAR 22) 
  jolly ●  jolly and gifted  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  jolly (NAR 22) 
  Mr. ●  Mr.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  Mr  (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  Mr. (NAR 22) 
  ashes! ●  hallowed ashes. ! period mended to an exclamation point  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  ashes! (NAR 22) 
  Susy is in error in thinking Mrs. Dodge . . . guests. ●  Susy is in error in thinking Mrs. Dodge . . . guests.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  Susy is right in error in thinking Mrs Dodge . . . guests. (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  Susy is in error in thinking Mrs. Dodge . . . guests. (NAR 22) 
  elbow-mates ●  elbow-mates  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  elbow-mates (NAR 22) 
  and gradually ●  and gradually  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  and gradually (NAR 22) 
  raised ●  raising (TS1 ribbon)  raising ed  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  raised (NAR 22) 
  me— ●  me (TS1 ribbon)  me  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  me— (NAR 22) 
  riot, ●  riot. (TS1 ribbon)  riot. ,  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  riot, (NAR 22) 
  then, ●  not in  (TS1 ribbon)  then,  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  then, (NAR 22) 
  want  ●  want ‘want’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  want  (NAR 22) 
  me. ●  me. As I mumble along you will find that other people’s talk will become disjointed; next it will stop.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  me. (NAR 22) 
  mumbling.” ●  mumbling.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  mumbling.” (NAR 22) 
  out ●  down out  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  out (NAR 22) 
  Medill, proprietor of the Chicago Tribune  ●  Medill, proprietor of the Chicago Tribune  (TS1 ribbon)  Medill, proprietor of the Chicago Tribune X. X. ‘leave out’ written in the margin  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  X. X. (NAR 22) 
  you ●  me almost you  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  you (NAR 22) 
  the United States.” ●  my clothes.” the United States.”  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  the United States.” (NAR 22) 
  Medill’s ●  Medill’s (TS1 ribbon)  Medill’s X. X.’s  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  X. X.’s (NAR 22) 
  elbow-neighbor ●  elbow-neighbor (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  elbow-neighbor (NAR 22) 
  words— ●  words— (TS1 ribbon)  words ,  (TS1 carbon-Munro)  words, (NAR 22) 
  to ●  straining to (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  to (NAR 22) 
  say, ●  say,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Munro)  say, (NAR 22) 
  razor——’ ●  razor——’ (TS1 ribbon)  razor—— single quotation mark mended to double  (TS1 carbon-Munro?)  razor—’ (NAR 22) 
  “ ‘HOW ●  “HOW (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  CHICA-A-AGO!!!’ ” ●  CHICA-A-AGO?” !!!”  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  CHICA-A-AGO? !!!”  (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  CHICA-A-AGO?!!!” (NAR 22) 
  Medill’s ●  Medill’s (TS1 ribbon)  Medill’s X. X.’s  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  X. X.’s (NAR 22) 
  interruption ●  contribution (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  interruption (NAR 22) 
  miles. ●  yards. miles.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  miles. (NAR 22) 
  time ●  time that (TS1 ribbon)  time that  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  time (NAR 22) 
  dining room ●  dining-room (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  smack ●  hit smack  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  smack (NAR 22) 
  punched ●  bumped punched  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  punched (NAR 22) 
  through ●  against through  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  through (NAR 22) 
  ceiling, damaging it, for it was only lath and plaster, and it all came down on us, and much of it . . . hurt. ●  ceiling., ceiling, damaging it, for it was only lath and plaster and all came down on us, and much . . . hurt.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  ceiling | ceiling., ceiling, damaging it, for it was only lath and plaster, and it all came down on us, and much of it . . . hurt. Lyon transferred the sentence from TS1 ribbon; SLC inserted the comma, ‘it’, and ‘of it’  (TS1 carbon-Lyon + SLC)  ceiling, damaging it, for it was only lath and plaster, and it all came down on us, and much of it . . . hurt. (NAR 22) 
  merciful thenceforth, ●  merciful, thenceforth,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  merciful thenceforth, (NAR 22) 
  screaming ●  screaming,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  screaming no typed comma visible  (TS1 carbon)  screaming (NAR 22) 
  evening; ●  evening. ; period mended to a semicolon  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  evening; (NAR 22) 
  floor.* footnote: *This was tried. I well remember it. M. T., Oct., ’06.  ●  floor.* This was tried footnote: * Note This was tried. M. T. I well remember it. □ M. T., Oct., ’06. symbol for an em space  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  floor.* footnote: This was tried. I well remember it. □ M. T., Oct., ’06. symbol for an em space  (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  floor.* footnote: This was tried. I well remember it.—M. T., October, ’06. (NAR 22) 
  life. ●  life. (1890) date typed in the margin and deleted in ink  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  life. (NAR 22) 
  keep the floor—now that I had it—and ●  not in  (TS1 ribbon)  keep the floor—now that I had it—and  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  keep the floor—now that I had it—and (NAR 22) 
  Biography of me. ●  biography. (TS1 ribbon)  b Biography. of me.  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Biography of me. (NAR 22) 
  a corporation ●  a corporation (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  corporation (NAR 22) 
  money ●  patience money  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  money (NAR 22) 
  not ●  never (TS1 ribbon)  never not  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  not (NAR 22) 
  battle ●  battle,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  battle (NAR 22) 
  Reverend ●  Rev. (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  Joe Twichell ●  Joe Twichell (TS1 ribbon)  Joe Twichell Mr. Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Mr. Harris (NAR 22) 
  a pair of sweethearts. ●  a pair of sweethearts. (TS1 ribbon)  a an engaged pair. of sweethearts.  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  an engaged pair. (NAR 22) 
  Twichell, Twichell ●  Twichell, Twichell (TS1 ribbon)  Twichell, Twichell Harris, Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Harris, Harris (NAR 22) 
  1873  ●  (’73) (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  not in  (NAR 22) 
  Reverend ●  Rev. (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  name ●  name,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon) 
  trial ●  trial,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon) 
  daily ●  daily  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon) 
  profanity, ●  profanity, words of a highly gamey character  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  profanity, words of a highly gamey character, Lyon transferred the revision; SLC probably canceled it when he decided to omit the passage  (TS1 carbon-Lyon + SLC) 
  remark, ●  words, remark,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon) 
  life! ●  life. ! period mended to an exclamation point  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  life. (TS1 carbon) 
  1873 ●  that time (TS1 ribbon)  that time 1873  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  1873 (NAR 22) 
  attack of dysentery ●  attack of dysentery (TS1 ribbon)  attack of dysentery illness revised in pencil in an unidentified hand; revision requested by CC  (TS1 carbon-?)  illness (NAR 22) 
  defied ●  which defied (TS1 ribbon)  which defied (TS1 carbon-SLC)  defied (NAR 22) 
  He ●  Sage (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  He (NAR 22) 
  Twichell ●  Twichell (TS1 ribbon)  Twichell Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Harris (NAR 22) 
  wholly ●  wholly  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  wholly (NAR 22) 
  the pair ●  they (TS1 ribbon)  they pair  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  the pair (NAR 22) 
  humble ●  wretched humble  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  humble (NAR 22) 
  They ●  The pair (TS1 ribbon)  They pair  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  They (NAR 22) 
  cabin, ●  cabin,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  cabin (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  middle age ●  middle-age (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  middle age (NAR 22) 
  travelers ●  travelers (TS1 ribbon)  travellers (TS1 carbon-Munro)  travellers (NAR 22) 
  corn bread ●  corn- | bread (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  corn bread (NAR 22) 
  Twichell ●  Twichell (TS1 ribbon)  Twichell Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Harris (NAR 22) 
  limitlessly, ●  limitlessly,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  limitlessly, (NAR 22) 
  he ●  Twichell he  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  he (NAR 22) 
  splendid ●  prodigious splendid  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  splendid (NAR 22) 
  vigor ●  adventure vigor  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  vigor (NAR 22) 
  writhed ●  squirmed writhed  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  writhed (NAR 22) 
  corn-cobs ●  corn- | cobs (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  corn-cobs (NAR 22) 
  Joe ●  Joe (TS1 ribbon)  Joe Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Harris (NAR 22) 
  as ●  as  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  as (NAR 22) 
  contentedly ●  contentedly,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  contentedly (NAR 22) 
  total ●  total (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  total, (NAR 22) 
  bill, ●  bill,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  bill (TS1 carbon)  bill (NAR 22) 
  here ●  here  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  here (NAR 22) 
  Why ●  Why (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  Why, (NAR 22) 
  You’ll ●  You’ll  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  You’ll (NAR 22) 
  take  ●  take ‘take’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  take  (NAR 22) 
  said, ●  said,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Munro)  said, (NAR 22) 
  Well, ●  Well,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Munro)  Well, (NAR 22) 
  There’s ●  There’s is  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  There’s (NAR 22) 
  You understand? ●  You understand?  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  You understand? (NAR 22) 
  it; you ●  it. ; You (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  it. You (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  You must go ●  You must Go (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  You must go (NAR 22) 
  insert ●  insert  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  insert (NAR 22) 
  soap, ●  soap,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  soap (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  assigned ●  assigned  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  assigned (NAR 22) 
  part, ●  part,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  part, (NAR 22) 
  Sage’s ●  Sage’s  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  Sage’s (NAR 22) 
  face . . . he ●  worked up his temper and face . . . he  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1carbon-Lyon)  face . . . he (NAR 22) 
  Thirteen dollars!  ●  Thirteen dollars? ! ‘Thirteen dollars!’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  Thirteen dollars!  (NAR 22) 
  buccaneer? ●  robber? buccaneer?  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  buccaneer? (NAR 22) 
  to—— ●  to—— (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  to— (NAR 22) 
  burst in with spirit: ●  broke in and said burst in with spirit:  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  burst in with spirit: (NAR 22) 
  Now ●  Now (TS1 ribbon)  Now,  (TS1 carbon-Munro)  Now, (NAR 22) 
  dollars, ●  dollars,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  dollars (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  pay  ●  pay ‘pay’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  pay (TS1 carbon)  pay  (NAR 22) 
  all. A ●  all; a . A corrected on the typewriter  (TS1 ribbon-Hobby)  all; a (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  adventurers, bilking their way ●  adventurers, roaming bilking their way  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  adventurers roaming bilking their way  (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  adventurers bilking their way (NAR 22) 
  a ●  A a  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  a (NAR 22) 
  received ●  has received (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  received (NAR 22) 
  hell’s ●  hell’s is  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  hell’s (NAR 22) 
  of—— ●  of—— (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  of— (NAR 22) 
  [¶] “Not ●  “Not (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  [¶] “Not (NAR 22) 
  that!— ●  that!dash retraced  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  that!— (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  that!— (NAR 22) 
  lowest down ●  lowest down (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  lowest-down (NAR 22) 
  ever—— ●  ever—— (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  ever— (NAR 22) 
  “Don’t ●  The Man. “Don’t (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  “Don’t (NAR 22) 
  again! ●  again. ! period mended to an exclamation point  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  again! (NAR 22) 
  By —— ●  By ——  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  By —— , Lyon transferred the revision and Munro added the comma  (TS1 carbon-Lyon + Munro)  By ——, (NAR 22) 
  Twichell ●  Twichell (TS1 ribbon)  Twichell Harris  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  Harris (NAR 22) 
  to ●  to talk and  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  to (NAR 22) 
  Oh ●  Oh (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  Oh, (NAR 22) 
  don’t!  ●  don’t! ‘don’t!’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  don’t ‘don’t’ underscored  (TS1 carbon-Lyon)  don’t  (NAR 22) 
  now ●  now (TS1 ribbon, TS1 carbon)  now, (NAR 22) 
  yourself! ●  yourself! , don’t——”  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  yourself! (NAR 22) 
  Oh . . . scandal——” ●  Oh . . . scandal——”  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  Oh . . . scandal—” (NAR 22) 
  maledictions, imprecations, ●  maledictions, imprecations, against each other  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  maledictions, imprecations (NAR 22) 
  the rich accumulations of ●  the rich accumulations of  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  the rich accumulations of (NAR 22) 
  educated ●  not in  (TS1 ribbon)  educated  (TS1 carbon-SLC)  educated (NAR 22) 
  shouted, ●  shouted,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  shouted— (NAR 22) 
  gentlemen  ●  gentlemen ‘gentlemen’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  gentlemen  (NAR 22) 
  as  ●  as ‘as’ underscored  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  as  (NAR 22) 
  Christian ●  Christian  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  not in  (NAR 22) 
  hellfired ●  hell-fired marked to close up  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  hell-fired (NAR 22) 
  gorges a ●  eats a engulfs eats a  (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  eats a (TS1 carbon-SLC)  gorges a (NAR 22) 
  sittings—” ●  sittings—  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-SLC)  sittings—” (NAR 22) 
  in, ●  in,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Munro)  in, (NAR 22) 
  in . . . self-reproach, ●  in . . . self-reproach,  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  in . . . self-reproach, (NAR 22) 
  [¶] “I ●  ¶] “I (TS1 ribbon-SLC)  no “I (TS1 carbon, NAR 22) 
  pardon; ●  pardon. ; period mended to a semicolon  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  pardon; (NAR 22) 
  I . . . friend. ●  I . . . friend.  (TS1 ribbon-SLC, TS1 carbon-Lyon)  I . . . friend. (NAR 22) 
Explanatory Notes Wednesday, October 10, 1906
 

Laurence Hutton, Charles Dudley Warner, and Carroll Beckwith] Clemens’s friendship with drama critic and editor Laurence Hutton (1843–1904) probably began in 1883, when Hutton invited Clemens to join the Kinsmen, an informal club of writers, artists, and actors. James Carroll Beckwith (1852–1917), a famous artist and teacher, painted a portrait of Clemens in 1890; it is now at the Mark Twain House and Museum in Hartford ( AutoMT1 , 498–99 n. 113.10; N&J3, 10 n. 10; for Warner see AD, 10 Apr 1906, note at 34.27–28).

 

Dean Sage] See the Autobiographical Dictation of 31 July 1906, note at 156.26–34.

 

Susy is in error . . . we were her guests] Clemens apparently conflates two different visits to Onteora. Susy described the first one, which took place in August 1885 (see AD, 8 Oct 1906, note at 247.28), but the Clemenses returned for a nearly three-month stay in the summer of 1890—as the marginal date Clemens provides here indicates. The dinner hosted by Mary Mapes Dodge must have occurred in 1890, because she did not build her Onteora summer home until 1888.

 

Chicago, eleven years ago, to witness the Grant festivities] Clemens described the banquet held in General Grant’s honor at the convention of the Grand Army of the Republic in 1879 in “The Chicago G. A. R. Festival” ( AutoMT1 , 67–70).

 

Mr. Medill, proprietor of the Chicago Tribune] Joseph Medill (1823–99) was a founder of the antislavery Republican party, a strong Lincoln supporter, and a radical Reconstructionist after the Civil War. He bought an interest in the Chicago Tribune in 1855, and after becoming a majority stockholder in 1874 he remained the active manager of the newspaper until his death (Mott 1950, 284, 347–48).

 

Dean Sage . . . He and Reverend Joe Twichell had been classmates in college] Sage and Twichell were already close friends when Clemens met them in the late 1860s, but no record of Sage’s attending Yale has been found. He earned his law degree at Albany Law School in 1861 (Courtney 2008, 141–42; Yale Alumni Directory 1920).

 

In ’73, when Reverend Henry Ward Beecher was being tried . . . guest in the Sage mansion] Beecher was accused of committing adultery with Elizabeth Tilton, a parishioner, and in August 1874 her husband, Theodore, sued him for alienation of affection. The newspapers reported daily on the trial, which ended in a hung jury in July 1875 (see AutoMT1 , 575 n. 314.38–315.1). The Sage family had a special interest in the case because Henry W. Sage had been a trustee of Beecher’s Plymouth Church for many years, and employed Beecher’s son William in his lumber business. On 13 April 1875 Clemens and Twichell arrived at the Sages for a two-night stay, and they attended Beecher’s trial together the following day ( L5: MEC and SLC to JLC and PAM, 26 Nov 1872, 231 n. 3; 3 Dec 1872 to OLL, 237–38, nn. 7–11; L6: 29? July 1874 to Twichell, 202–3 n. 2; link note preceding 18 Apr 1875 to OLC, 446, 448–49).

 

Along about 1873 Sage fell a victim to an attack of dysentery] Clemens recorded an incomplete version of the following anecdote at the end of the manuscript of “My Autobiography [Random Extracts from It],” written in Vienna in 1897–98. He deleted the passage when revising the manuscript in 1906 for inclusion in the autobiography (see the Textual Commentary for that sketch at MTPO ).