Explanatory Notes
Apparatus Notes
MTPDocEd
[begin page 353]
[mark twain improves “fitz smythe”]
§ 135. Remarkable Dream
8–10 February 1866

“Remarkable Dream” is part of Clemens' “San Francisco Letter” written on 6 February 1866 and probably published in the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise sometime between February 8 and 10. A clipping of the entire letter is preserved in the Yale Scrapbook.1

Some care and much evident pleasure went into this fanciful satire on Albert Evans. Clemens had good reason to suggest, as this sketch does at elaborate length, that Fitz Smythe was a liar. Evans' column in the January 29 issue of the Gold Hill News implied not only that Clemens had been locked up for drunkenness, but that he had associated with thieves and resisted arrest. Under the guise of giving advice Evans had said, “When you have been searched, and your tobacco and toothpick safely locked up, go quietly into the cell and lay down on your blankets, instead of standing at the grating, cursing and indulging in obscene language until they lock you up.” On February 9, perhaps having read “Remarkable Dream,” Evans said in another letter to the Gold Hill News: “I am pained beyond measure, friend of my heart, to learn that Mark Twain insists on regarding as personal that friendly advice I gave in my letter of two weeks since. . . . I beg leave to assure you that nothing personal was intended. Having due regard for my reputation for veracity, I cannot, of course, take it upon myself to deny that Twain might not at one time have profited by the advice.”2 Considering the snide tone of both Evans' letters, the restraint and good humor of Clemens' reply are notable.

[begin page 354]

Clemens' knowledge of Cervantes, whom he had read as early as 1860, probably helped shape his portrait of Fitz Smythe astride his steed—a kind of debased, timeserving Don Quixote or, as Tom Pepper expresses it in the sketch, one of “those noble knights whose nature it is to war against truth wherever they find it.” The sketch was, at any rate, sufficiently successful for Clemens to revise it extensively in the Yale Scrapbook, and to consider reprinting it in the 1867 Jumping Frog book. Although it was not ultimately included there, it was memorable enough to the editor of the Californian's “Lion's Mouth” column for him to mention it late in August 1867, while Mark Twain was in the Holy Land:

Mark will first direct his steps to the spot rendered to him sacred by association with Ananias, an individual whose regard for veracity was fully equal to that of Mark himself. It is not unlikely that Ananias' shade will accompany Mark throughout his wanderings, a mutual, beautiful, and natural sympathy being established between them, more particularly arising from Mark's efforts to repopularize Ananias about a year and a half ago, when he introduced him to the San Francisco public, as engaged in the business of swapping lies with Fitz-Smythe, on the outskirts of hell.3

Editorial Notes
1 Another selection from the same letter, “Ministerial Change” (no. 174), appears in its chronological position in this collection.
2 “Our San Francisco Correspondence,” Gold Hill News, 29 January 1866, p. 2; ibid., 12 February 1866, p. 2. For a fuller account of the quarrel, see MTCor , pp. 38–40.
3 “Mark Twain,” Californian 7 (31 August 1867): 1. The item appeared under “City Gossip” in “The Lion's Mouth.”
Textual Commentary

The first printing appeared in the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, probably sometime between 8 and 10 February 1866. The only known copy of this printing, in a clipping in the Yale Scrapbook, pp. 40–40A (YSMT), is copy-text. Since Mark Twain extensively revised this sketch, he must have considered reprinting it in JF1. The revised clipping remains intact in the scrapbook, however, and Mark Twain did not reprint it in JF1 or elsewhere. We have adopted one change in YSMT as a correction.

[begin page 355]
Remarkable Dream

I dreamed last night that I was sitting in my room smoking my pipe and looking into the dying embers on the hearth, conjuring up old faces in their changing shapes, and listening to old voices in the moaning winds outside, when there was a knock at the door and a man entered—bowed—walked deliberately forward and sat down opposite me. He was dressed in a queer old garb of I don't know how many centuries ago. He said, with a perceptible show of vanity:

“My name's Ananiasexplanatory note—may have heard of me, perhaps?”

I said, reflectively, “No—no—I think not, Mr. Anan——”

“Never heard of me! Bismillah! Och hone! gewhil——. But you couldn't have read the Scriptures!”

I rose to my feet in great surprise: “Ah—is it possible?—I remember now—I remember your history. Yes, yes, yes, I remember you made a little statement that wouldn't wash, so to speak, and they took your life for it. They—they bounced a thunderbolt on your head, or something of that sort, didn'talteration in the MS they?”

“Yes, but drop these matters and let's to business. The thief sympathizes with the thief, the murderer with the murderer, the vagabond with the vagabond: I, too, feel for my kind—I want to do something for this Fitz Smythetextual note——alteration in the MS

“Give me your hand!—this sentiment does you honor, sir, it does you honor! And this solicitude of the Prince of Liars for the humble disciple Fitz Smythe is well merited, it is indeed—for [begin page 356] although, Sire, his efforts may not be brilliant, they make up for that defect in bulk and quantity; such steady persistence as his, such unwearying devotion to his art, are deserving of the highest encomium.”

“You know the man—I see that—and he is worthy of your admiration. As you say, his lies are not brilliant, but they never slack up—they are always on time. Some of them are awkward—very stupid and awkward—but that is to be expected, of course, where a man is at it so constantly and exhaustively as Fitz Smythealteration in the MS—or as we call him in hell, ‘Brother Smythe’emendation—we all take the Alta alteration in the MS. But they are strong!—they are awkward and stupid, but they are powerful free fromemendation truth! You take his mildest lie— take those he tells about Mark Twain,emendation for instance (who is the only newspaper man I have ever come across who wouldn't lie and couldn't lie, shame to him,)—take those lies—take even the very mildest of them, and don't you know they'd let a man out mighty quick in my time? Why there'd have been more thunder and lightning after him in two seconds!alteration in the MS If Fitz Smythealteration in the MS had lived in my time and told that little lie he told about you last—just that little one, even—he'd have been knocked from Jericho to Jacksonville quick as winking! Lord bless you but they were mighty particular in those days! Notice how they hazed me!”

“So they did, sir, so they did—they snatched you very lively indeed, sir.”

“But we'll come to business, now. No man's productions are more admired in the regions of the damned than Fitz Smythe'salteration in the MS. We have watched his career with pride and satisfaction, and at a meeting held in Perdition last night a committee of the most distinguished liars the world has ever produced was appointed to visit the earth and confer upon our gifted disciple certain marks of distinction to which we consider him entitled—orders of merit, they are—honors which he has laboriously earned. We wish to confer these compliments upon him through you, his bosom friend. Now, therefore, I, Ananias Chief of Liars by Seniority, do hereby create our worthy disciple Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggers, a Knight of the Grand Order of the Liars of St. Ananias, and confer upon him the freedom of hellalteration in the MS. And the symbol of this order being a horse, I do hereby present him this noble [begin page 357] animal, which manifests its preference for falsehood over truth by devouring daily newspapers in preference to any other food.”

I looked at the horse, as he stood there chewing up my last Bulletin, and recognized him as the beast Fitz Smythe rides every day. Ananias nowalteration in the MS bade me good evening, and said his wife, another member of the Committee, would now call upon me.

The door opened, and the ancient Sapphira, who was stricken with death for telling a lie, ages ago, stood before me. She said:

“I have heard my husband; he has spoken well; it is sufficient. I do hereby create Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggersalteration in the MS a Knight of the Order of the Liars of St. Sapphira, and clothe him with the regalia pertaining to the same—this pair of gray pantaloons—a sign and symbol of thealteration in the MS textual note matrimonial supremacy which I have enjoyed in my household from time immemorial.”

And she left the gray pantaloons and departed, saying the next member of the Committee who would appear would be the most noble the Baron de Munchausenalteration in the MS emendation explanatory note. The door opened and the world-famed liar entered:

“I come to do honor to my son, the inspired Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggers. It ill beseemeth a father to boast at length of his own offspring, wherefore I shall say no more in that respect, but proceed to create him a Knight of the Noble Order of the Liars of St. Munchausen, and invest him with the regalia pertaining to the same—this gray frock coat—which hath been a symbol of depravity in all ages of the world.”alteration in the MS explanatory note And the great Baron shed a few tears of paternal pride and murmured, “Kiss him for his father,” and went away. As he disappeared he remarked that the next and last member of the committee would now wait upon me, in the person of Thomas Pepperexplanatory note. And in a moment the renowned Tom Pepper, who was such a preposterous liar that he couldn't get to heaven and they wouldn't have him in hellalteration in the MS, was present! He said:

“I have watched the great Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggers with extraordinary interest. So we all have—but how heedless we are! Those who were with you within this hour praised him without stint and mentioned his excellencies—yet not one of them has discovered his crowning grace—his highest gift. It is this—he always tells the truth with such windy, wordy, [begin page 358] blundering awkwardness that nobody ever believes it, and so his truths usually pass for his most splendid falsehoods! [I could not help acknowledging to myself that this was so.] A man with such a talent as that is bound to achieve high distinction and do great service in our ranks; and for this talent of his more than for his wonderful abilities in distorting facts, I do hereby confer upon him the Sublime Order of the Knights of the Liars of St. Pepper, and present him with the symbol pertaining to the same—this grim, twisted, sharply-projecting, sunburnedemendation mustache, whose fashion and pattern are only permitted to be used by those noble knights whose nature it is to war against truth wherever they find it, and to go a long, long way out of their road to prospect for chances to lie. I am the only man the world ever produced who was so wonderful a romancer that he could neither get a show in heaven nor hellalteration in the MS, and Fitz Smythe will be the second one. It will be jolly. It is lonesome now, but when Smythe comes we two will loaf around on the outside of damnation and swap lies and be p-e-r-fectly happy. Good day, old Petrified Facts, good day.” And Tom Pepper, the most splendid liar the world ever gave birth to, was gone!

That was my dream. And don't you know that for as much as six hours afterwards I fully believed it was nothing but a dream? But just before three o'clock to-day I thought my hair would turn white with amazement when I saw Amigo Fitz Smythe issue from that alley near the Alta office riding the very horse Ananias gave him, and that horse eating a file of the Gold Hill News; and wearing the same gray pantaloons Mrs. Sapphira Ananias gave him; and the gray coat that Baron Munchausen gave him, and with his pensive nose overhanging those two skewers—that absurd sunburned mustache, I mean—which Tom Pepper gave him. So it was reality. It was no dream after all! This lets me out with Fitz Smythe, you know. I cannot associate with that kind of stock. I don't want the worst characters in hell to be running after me with friendly messages and little testimonials of admiration for Smythe, and blowing about his talents, and bragging on him, and belching their villainous fire and brimstoneemendation all through the atmosphere and making my place smell worse than a menagerie. I have too much regard for my good name and my personal comfort, and so this lets me out with Fitz Smythe.alteration in the MS

Editorial Emendations Remarkable Dream
  ‘Brother Smythe’ (I-C)  ●  “Brother Smythe”
  from (I-C)  ●  form
  Twain, (I-C)  ●  Twain.
  Munchausen (YSMT)  ●  Munchusen
  sunburned (I-C)  ●  sun- | burned
  and brimstone (I-C)  ●  brimstone
Alterations in the Manuscript Remarkable Dream
 it. . . . didn't] altered to ‘it, didn't’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Smythe——] altered to ‘Raymond—’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Fitz Smythe] ‘Smythe’ altered to ‘Raymond’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
  Alta] altered to ‘Alpha’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 seconds!] altered to ‘seconds!—gracious’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Smythe] canceled.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Smythe's] canceled.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 hell] altered to ‘Hades’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 now] altered to ‘then’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggers] altered to ‘Armand Adolphus Fitz Raymond’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 the] altered to ‘a’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Munchausen] corrected from ‘Munchusen’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 world.”] an asterisk and the following footnote added: ‘*The Baron's shameful satire was aimed at the police—they wear gray in San Francisco.’
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 hell] altered to ‘the other place’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 hell] altered to ‘Perdition’.
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
 Smythe.] an asterisk and the following footnote added: ‘*Published in the course of a newspaper controversy with a newspaper and correspondent who signed himself “Armand Adolphus Fitz Raymond.” ’
   Source: Yale Scrapbook
Textual Notes Remarkable Dream
 Smythe] Clemens replaced this name with “Raymond” here and again at 356.10 in YSMT. At 356.18 and 356.26 he merely canceled “Smythe,” expecting his editor or compositor to supply the new name in its place. At 357.10 he made a fuller substitution, however, crossing out “Armand Leonidas Fitz Smythe Amigo Stiggers” and writing “Armand Adolphus Fitz Raymond” instead.
 the] In YSMT Clemens replaced the definite article with a marginal a by drawing an insert line to canceled “the.” He also corrected the misspelling in the Enterprise, “Munchusen” (357.17), by drawing another line from the same marginal a to that word. We have deemed the first change a revision, and have not adopted it. We have deemed the second a correction of the copy-text, and have emended.
Explanatory Notes Remarkable Dream
 Ananias] See Acts 5:1–10. Ananias, a disciple in the church at Jerusalem, conspired with his wife, Sapphira, to hold back money derived from the sale of land and intended for the church. Peter denounced the falsehood, and because the couple “lied . . . unto God” they were killed by divine wrath.
 Baron de Munchausen] Baron Karl Friedrich Hieronymous von Münchhausen (1720–1797) was a German hunter and soldier who had served with distinction in Russian campaigns against the Turks. His name is proverbially associated with absurdly exaggerated exploits, from the attribution to him of a collection of fantastic tales entitled Baron Munchausen's Narrative of his Marvellous Travels and Campaigns in Russia (London: Smith, 1785). The actual author was probably Rudolf Erich Raspe (1737–1794), a scholar whose reputation for genius was surpassed only by his notoriety as a swindler (Thomas Seccombe, introduction to The Surprising Adventures of Baron Munchausen [London: Lawrence and Bullen, 1895], pp. v–xxviii).
 world.”] At this point in the Yale Scrapbook (p. 40) Mark Twain added a footnote: “The Baron's shameful satire was aimed at the police—they wear gray in San Francisco.”
 Thomas Pepper] Tom Pepper was a legendary nautical liar who was expelled from hell because of his unbelievable yarns (William Henry Smyth, The Sailor's Word Book [London: Blackie and Son, 1867], p. 685).