Explanatory Notes
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Apparatus Notes
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CHAPTER 24
[begin page 158]

CHAPTER 24emendation

I resolved to have a horse to ride. I had never seen such wild, free, magnificent horsemanship outside of a circus as these picturesquely-clad Mexicans, Californians and Mexicanized Americans displayed in Carson streets every day. How they rode! Leaning just gently forward out of the perpendicular, easy and non-chalant, with broad slouch-hat brim blown square up in front, and long riata swinging above the head, they swept through the town like the wind! The next minute they were only a sailing puff of dust on the far desert. If they trotted, they sat up gallantly and gracefully, and seemed part of the horse; did not go jiggering up and down after the silly Miss-Nancy fashion of the riding-schools. I had quickly learned to tell a horse from a cow, and was full of anxiety to learn more. I was resolved to buy a horse.

While the thought was rankling in my mind, the auctioneer came skurrying through the plaza on a black beast that had as many humps and corners on him as a dromedary, and was necessarily uncomely; but he was “going, going, at twenty-two!—horse, saddle and bridle at twenty-two dollars, gentlemen!” and I could hardly resist.

A man whom I did not know (he turned out to be the auctioneer’s brother) noticed the wistful look in my eye, and observed that that was a very remarkable horse to be going at such a price; and added that the saddle alone was worth the money. It was a Spanish saddle, with ponderous tapaderas explanatory note emendation, and furnished with the ungainly sole-leather covering with the unspellable nameexplanatory note. I said I had half a notion to bid. Then this keen-eyed person appeared to me to be “taking my measure;”emendation but I dismissed the suspicion when he spoke, for his manner was full of guileless candor and truthfulness. Said he:

“I know that horse—know him well. You are a stranger, I take it, and so you might think he was an American horse, maybe, but I [begin page 159] assure you he is not. He is nothing of the kind; but—excuse my speaking in a low voice, other people being near—he is, without the shadow of a doubt, a Genuine Mexican Plug!”

“you might think he wasemendation an american horse.”explanatory note

I did not know what a Genuine Mexican Plug was, but there was something about this man’s way of saying it, that made me swear inwardly that I would own a Genuine Mexican Plug, or die.

“Has he any other—er—advantages?” I inquired, suppressing what eagerness I could.

He hooked his forefinger in the pocket of my army-shirt, led me to one side, and breathed in my ear impressively these words:

“He can out-buck anything in America!”

“Going, going, going—at twent–ty-four dollars and a half, gen—”

“Twenty-seven!” I shouted, in a frenzy.

“And sold!” said the auctioneer, and passed over the Genuine Mexican Plug to me.

I could scarcely contain my exultation. I paid the money, and put the animal in a neighboring livery-stable to dine and rest himself.

In the afternoon I brought the creature into the plaza, and certain [begin page 160] citizens held him by the head, and others by the tail, while I mounted him. As soon as they let go, he placed all his feet in a bunch together, lowered his back, and then suddenly arched it upward, and shot me straight into the air a matter of three or four feet! I came as straight down again, lit in the saddle, went instantly up again,

unexpected elevation.
came down almost on the high pommel, shot up again, and came down on the horse’s neck—all in the space of three or four seconds. Then he rose and stood almost straight up on his hind feet, and I, clasping his lean neck desperately, slid back into the saddle, and held on. He came down, and immediately hoisted his heels into the air, delivering a vicious kick at the sky, and stood [begin page 161] on his forefeet. And then down he came once more, and began the original exercise of shooting me straight up again. The third time I went up I heard a stranger say:

“Oh, don’t he buck, though!”

While I was up, somebody struck the horse a sounding thwack with a leathern strap, and when I arrived again the Genuine Mexican Plug was not there. A Californian youth chased him up and caught him, and asked if he might have a ride. I granted him that luxury. He mounted the Genuine, got lifted into the air once, but sent his spurs home as he descended, and the horse darted away like a telegram. He soared over three fences like a bird, and disappeared down the road toward the Washoe Valley.

I sat down on a stone, with a sigh, and by a natural impulse one of my hands sought my forehead, and the other the base of my stomach. I believe I never appreciated, till then, the poverty of the human machinery—for I still needed a hand or two to place elsewhere. Pen cannot describe how I was jolted up. Imagination cannot conceive how disjointed I was—how internally, externally and universally I was unsettled, mixed up and ruptured. There was a sympathetic crowd around me, though.

universally unsettled.

[begin page 162] One elderly-looking comforter said:

“Stranger, you’ve been taken in. Everybody in this camp knows that horse. Any child, any Injun, could have told you that he’d buck; he is the very worst devil to buck on the continent of America. You hear me. I’m Curry. Old Curry. Old Abe Curryexplanatory note. And moreover, he is a simon-pure, out-and-out, genuine d—d Mexican plug, and an uncommon mean one at that, too. Why, you turnip, if you had laid low and kept dark, there’s chances to buy an American horse for mighty little more than you paid for that bloody old foreign relic.”

I gave no sign; but I made up my mind that if the auctioneer’s brother’s funeral took place while I was in the Territory I would postpone all other recreations and attend it.

After a gallop of sixteen miles the Californian youth and the Genuine Mexican Plug came tearing into town again, shedding foam-flakes like the spume-spray that drives before a typhoon, and, with one final skip over a wheelbarrow and a Chinaman, cast anchor in front of the “ranch.”

riding the plug.

Such panting and blowing! Such spreading and contracting of the red equine nostrils, and glaring of the wild equine eye! But was the imperial beast subjugated? Indeed he was not. His lordship the Speaker of the Houseexplanatory note thought he was, and mounted him to go down to the Capitol; but the first dash the creature made was over a pile of telegraph poles half as high as a church; and his time to the Capitol—one mile and three-quartersemendation—remains unbeaten to [begin page 163] this day. But then he took an advantage—he left out the mile, and only did the three-quartersemendation. That is to say, he made a straight cut across lots, preferring fences and ditches to a crooked road; and when the Speaker got to the Capitol he said he had been in the air so much he felt as if he had made the trip on a comet.

wanted exercise.

In the evening the Speaker came home afoot for exercise, and got the Genuine towed back behind a quartz wagon. The next day I loaned the animal to the Clerk of the Houseexplanatory note to go down to the Dana silver mineexplanatory note, six milestextual note, and he walked back for exercise, and got the horse towed. Everybody I loaned him to always walked back; they never could get enough exercise any other way. Still, I continued to loan him to anybody who was willing to borrow him, [begin page 164] my idea being to get him crippled, and throw him on the borrower’s hands, or killed, and make the borrower pay for him. But somehow nothing ever happened to him. He took chances that no other horse ever took and survived, but he always came out safe. It was his daily habit to try experiments that had always before been considered impossible, but he always got through. Sometimes he miscalculated a little, and did not get his rider through intact, but he always got through himself. Of course I had tried to sell him; but that was a stretch of simplicity which met with little sympathy. The auctioneer stormed up and down the streets on him for four days, dispersing the populace, interrupting business, and destroying children, and never got a bid—at least never any but the eighteen-dollar one he hired a notoriously substanceless bummer to make. The people only smiled pleasantly, and restrained their desire to buy, if they had any. Then the auctioneer brought in his bill, and I withdrew the horse from the market. We tried to trade him off at private vendue next, offering him at a sacrifice for second-hand tombstones, old iron, temperance tracts—any kind of property. But holders were stiff, and we retired from the market again. I never tried to ride the horse any more. Walking was good enough exercise for a man like me, that had nothing the matter with him except ruptures, internal injuries, and such things. Finally I tried to give him away. But it was a failure. Parties said earthquakes were handy enough on the Pacific coast—they did not wish to own one. As a last resort I offered him to the Governor for the use of the “Brigade.” His face lit up eagerly at first, but toned down again, and he said the thing would be too palpable.

Just then the livery-stableemendation man brought in his bill for six weeks’ keeping—stall-room for the horse, fifteen dollars; hay for the horse, two hundred and fifty! The Genuine Mexican Plug had eaten a ton of the article, and the man said he would have eaten a hundred if he had let him.

I will remark here, in all seriousness, that the regular price of hay during that year and a part of the next was really two hundred and fifty dollars a ton. During a part of the previous year it had sold at five hundred a ton, in gold, and during the winter before that there was such scarcity of the article that in several instances small quantities had brought eight hundred dollars a ton in coin! [begin page 165] The consequence might be guessed without my telling it: peopleemendation turned their stock loose to starve, and before the spring arrived Carson and Eagle Valleysemendation were almost literally carpeted with their carcasesexplanatory note! Any old settler there will verify these statements.

I managed to pay the livery bill, and that same day I gave the Genuine Mexican Plug to a passing Arkansas emigrantexplanatory note whom fortune delivered into my hand. If this ever meets his eye, he will doubtless remember the donation.

Now whoever has had the luck to ride a real Mexican plug will recognize the animal depicted in this chapter, and hardly consider him exaggerated—but the uninitiated will feel justified in regarding his portrait as a fancy sketch, perhaps.

Editorial Emendations CHAPTER 24
  24 (C)  ●  XXIV. (Prb A)  XXV. (Pra) 
  tapaderas  (C)  ●  tapidaros  (A) 
  measure;” (C)  ●  measure”; (A) 
  he was  (C)  ●  him  (A) 
  three-quarters (C)  ●  three quarters (A) 
  three-quarters (C)  ●  three quarters (A) 
  livery-stable (C)  ●  livery stable (A) 
  people (C)  ●  peopled (A) 
  Valleys (C)  ●  valleys (A) 
Textual Notes CHAPTER 24
 Dana silver mine, six miles] No evidence has been found that a mine of this name existed on the Comstock lode. It is possible that Mark Twain actually meant the famous Daney mine in the Devil’s Gate mining district, but that he (or the compositor) misspelled its name. Indeed, in 1861–62 the Mining and Scientific Press referred to the “Dana” mine when it clearly meant the Daney (“Summary of Mining News,” 4 [5 Oct 61]: 5, and 5 [1 May 62]: 5). On the other hand, the Daney mine was about twelve miles from Carson City, not “six,” as Mark Twain states here. Furthermore, he seems to have spelled the name “Daney” correctly on two recent occasions, in a May 1868 letter to the Chicago Republican and in a June 1870 Galaxy article (SLC 1868e, 1870h). On balance, therefore, the A reading does not seem a clear-cut error and has not been emended, despite the possibility that Clemens may have intended (and even written) “Daney.”
Explanatory Notes CHAPTER 24
  tapaderas] Stirrup covers, which protected the rider’s feet.
 the ungainly sole-leather covering with the unspellable name] Mark Twain refers to a mochila, a removable piece of heavy leather—usually rectangular—which covered the frame of a Spanish (i.e., western) saddle, with openings for the horn and cantle. Pony-express riders used mochilas fitted with mail pouches at each corner, [begin page 616] which could be rapidly switched from one saddle to another (Ahlborn, 39–40, 50, 54–55, 142).
  illus] In July 1871 Orion described the artist’s sketch of this illustration in a letter to Clemens: “I told Frank Bliss, i.e., Elisha’s son to take the tree out of Carson and put the auctioneer on the horse. He said he would take the tree out, but people here wouldn’t understand the idea of an auctioneer on a horse” (4 July 71, CU-MARK). Orion’s view clearly prevailed.
 Old Abe Curry] Abraham V. Z. Curry (1815–73) came from New York, where he had worked first as a baker and then in the shipping trade on Lake Erie. He emigrated to California in about 1852, and then to Eagle Valley, in what was then Utah Territory, in 1858. There he laid out Carson City and built many of its buildings, establishing himself as a leading merchant, zealous champion of his town, and a public-spirited citizen. In 1859 he and Alva Gould located a claim on the Comstock lode, which later became the immensely profitable Gould and Curry mine (see the note at 301.3–13). Curry later served in the second and third territorial legislatures (1862 and 1864). Mark Twain mentioned him frequently—always with admiration and affection—in his 1863–64 letters to the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise (“Abraham Curry,” Carson City Appeal, 21 Oct 73, 2; Mack 1936, 178; Marsh, 669–70 n. 37; MTEnt , passim).
 the Speaker of the House] The Speaker for the first Territorial Legislature (1861) was Miles N. Mitchell (b. 1819) of New York, who went to California in 1851 and then to Utah Territory in 1860. He served in the legislature again in 1862, was a member of the first constitutional convention (1863), and in January 1864 was elected governor. The election was invalidated, however, when the voters rejected the constitution. On 4 January 1864 Mark Twain correctly anticipated this outcome and posted a slate of candidates as “For Sale or Rent” to “any small State, lying around anywhere”; his advertisement for Mitchell read: “One Governor, entirely new. Attended Sunday-school in his youth, and still remembers it. Never drinks. In other respects, however, his habits are good. As Commander-in-Chief of the Militia, he would be an ornament. Most Governors are” (SLC 1864a; Marsh, 668 n. 24; Angel, 85).
 the Clerk of the House] The clerk in both the first and second territorial legislatures was William M. Gillespie (1838–85), a New York journalist who traveled to Nevada with Governor Nye in July 1861 and worked briefly on the Carson City Silver Age. He served as a delegate to the third Territorial Legislature, as well as the constitutional conventions of 1863 and 1864, earning from Clemens the nickname “Jefferson’s Manual” for his knowledge of parliamentary rules (SLC 1864b). Later in the decade Gillespie was the clerk and official reporter [begin page 617] for the Nevada State Assembly. He practiced law and journalism in Salt Lake City, Honolulu, and San Francisco, returning eventually to Virginia City (Marsh, 3, 668–69 n. 29).
 the Dana silver mine] Possibly a reference to the rich Daney mine, located in November 1861 on the Comstock lode in the Devil’s Gate district ( ET&S1 , 492; see the textual note).
 the regular price of hay . . . carpeted with their carcases] The prices given here may be somewhat exaggerated, but the description of the winter of 1859–60, “one of unusual length and severity,” is essentially true: “Hay, for example, sold at the rate of four and five and barley at six and eight hundred dollars per ton, provisions of all kinds being also excessively scarce and dear. Many of the horses and two-thirds of the cattle in the country died from starvation” (DeGroot 1876b).
 I gave the Genuine Mexican Plug to a passing Arkansas emigrant] This “emigrant” is almost certainly fictional; on 1 December 1861 Clemens sold a horse—presumably the model for the Mexican plug—to his friend William Clagett (see the note at 180.9–10) for forty-five dollars (PH of receipt in CU-MARK, courtesy of Fred Clagett, reproduced in L1 , 169 n. 18).