Explanatory Notes
Apparatus Notes
MTPDocEd
ABBREVIATIONS

The following abbreviations and location symbols have been used in annotations. Unless otherwise indicated, all materials quoted in the documentation are transcribed from originals in the Mark Twain Papers, Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. “DV” and “Paine” numbers are catalog numbers in the Mark Twain Papers. Volume numbers for multi-volume works appear before the abbreviation, thus, “37Z.”

MT      Mark Twain
MTP      Mark Twain Papers, Bancroft Library, University of California (Berkeley)
SLC      Samuel L. Clemens
TS      Typescript
Previously Published Texts
A1911      Anderson Auction Company, catalogue no. 892–1911 (“The Library and Manuscripts of Samuel L. Clemens”)
BAL      Jacob Blanck, Bibliography of American Literature (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1957), vol. 2
CG      Contributions to The Galaxy 1868–1871 by Mark Twain, ed. Bruce R. McElderry Jr. (Gainesville, Florida: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 1961)
C1951      “Mark Twain Library Auction,” Los Angeles, 10 April 1951
DAB      Dictionary of American Biography (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, n.d.)
Europe      Europe and Elsewhere (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1923)
HH&T      Mark Twain's Hannibal, Huck & Tom, ed. Walter Blair (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1969)
LE      Letters from the Earth, ed. Bernard DeVoto (New York: Harper & Row, 1962)
LLMT      The Love Letters of Mark Twain, ed. Dixon Wecter (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949)
MTA      Mark Twain's Autobiography, ed. Albert Bigelow Paine (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1924)
MTB      Albert Bigelow Paine, Mark Twain: A Biography (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1912)
MTCor      Mark Twain: San Francisco Correspondent, ed. Henry Nash Smith and Frederick Anderson (San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1957)
MTE      Mark Twain in Eruption, ed. Bernard DeVoto (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1940)
MTH      Walter Francis Frear, Mark Twain and Hawaii (Chicago: Lakeside Press, 1947)
MTHHR      Mark Twain's Correspondence with Henry Huttleston Rogers, ed. Lewis Leary (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1969)
MTHL      Mark Twain-Howells Letters, ed. Henry Nash Smith and William M. Gibson (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, Belknap Press, 1960)
MTL      Mark Twain's Letters, ed. Albert Bigelow Paine (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1917)
MTN      Mark Twain's Notebook, ed. Albert Bigelow Paine (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1935)
NF      Kenneth R. Andrews, Nook Farm: Mark Twain's Hartford Circle (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1950)
RP      Report from Paradise, ed. Dixon Wecter (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1952)
S&B      Mark Twain's Satires & Burlesques, ed. Franklin R. Rogers (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1967)
SCH      Dixon Wecter, Sam Clemens of Hannibal (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1952)
WIM      What Is Man? and Other Essays (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1917)
WWD      Mark Twain's Which Was the Dream? and Other Symbolic Writings of the Later Years, ed. John S. Tuckey (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1967)
Z      The Definitive Edition of the Writings of Mark Twain, 37 vols. (New York: Gabriel Wells, 1922–1925)