Explanatory Notes
Apparatus Notes
MTPDocEd
Reflections on the Sabbath

No manuscript extant. See the Explanatory Notes for consideration whether the piece first appeared in the Golden Era or the Territorial Enterprise. The present text is based upon the only text possibly authorized: Golden Era 14, no. 16 (18 March 1866): 3 (Bancroft Library, University of California). Two misprints in that text have been corrected, “Arevet” emended to Brevet (40.7) and “Prssbyterian” Presbyterian (40.9).

Modern printings: The Washoe Giant in San Francisco, ed. Franklin Walker (San Francisco: George Fields, 1938), pp. 115–116; Taper, pp. 235–237.

[begin page 39]
2 Reflections on the Sabbath

[1866]


The day of restexplanatory note comes but once a week, and sorry I am that it does not come oftener. Man is so constituted that he can stand more rest than this. I often think regretfully that it would have been so easy to have two Sundays in a week, and yet it was not so ordained. The omnipotent Creator could have made the world in three days just as easily as he made it in six, and this would have doubled the Sundays. Still it is not our place to criticise the wisdom of the Creator. When we feel a depraved inclination to question the judgment of Providence in stacking up double eagles in the coffers of Michael Reeseexplanatory note and leaving better men to dig for a livelihood, we ought to stop and consider that we are not expected to help order things, and so drop the subject. If all-powerful Providence grew weary after six days' labor, such worms as we are might reasonably expect to break down in three, and so require two Sundays—but as I said before, it ill becomes us to hunt up flaws in matters which are so far out of our jurisdiction. I hold that no man can meddle with the exclusive affairs of Providence and offer suggestions for their improvement, without making himself in a manner conspicuous. Let us take things as we find them—though, I am free to confess, it goes against the grain to do it, sometimes.

What put me into this religious train of mind, was attending church at Dr. Wadsworth'sexplanatory note this morning. I had not been to church [begin page 40] before for many months, because I never could get a pew, and therefore had to sit in the gallery, among the sinners. I stopped that because my proper place was down among the elect, inasmuch as I was brought up a Presbyterian, and consider myself a brevet member of Dr. Wadsworth's church. I always was a brevet. I was sprinkled in infancy, and look upon that as conferring the rank of Brevet Presbyterian. It affords none of the emoluments of the Regular Church—simply confers honorable rank upon the recipient and the right to be punished as a Presbyterian hereafter; that is, the substantial Presbyterian punishment of fire and brimstone instead of this heterodox hell of remorse of conscience of these blamed wildcat religions. The heaven and hell of the wildcat religions are vague and ill defined but there is nothing mixed about the Presbyterian heaven and hell. The Presbyterian hell is all misery; the heaven all happiness—nothing to do. But when a man dies on a wildcat basis, he will never rightly know hereafter which department he is in—but he will think he is in hell anyhow, no matter which place he goes to; because in the good place they pro-gress, pro-gress, pro-gress—study, study, study, all the time—and if this isn't hell I don't know what is; and in the bad place he will be worried by remorse of conscience. Their bad place is preferable, though, because eternity is long, and before a man got half through it he would forget what it was he had been so sorry about. Naturally he would then become cheerful again; but the party who went to heaven would go on progressing and progressing, and studying and studying until he would finally get discouraged and wish he were in hell, where he wouldn't require such a splendid education.

Dr. Wadsworth never fails to preach an able sermon; but every now and then, with an admirable assumption of not being aware of it, he will get off a firstrate joke and then frown severely at any one who is surprised into smiling at it. This is not fair. It is like throwing a bone to a dog and then arresting him with a look just as he is going to seize it. Several people there on Sunday suddenly laughed and as suddenly stopped again, when he gravely [begin page 41] gave the Sunday school books a blast and spoke of “the good little boys in them who always went to Heaven, and the bad little boys who infallibly got drowned on Sunday,” and then swept a savage frown around the house and blighted every smile in the congregation.

Explanatory Notes 2 Reflections on the Sabbath
 The day of rest] The sketch appeared in the Golden Era on a Sunday—18 March 1866—but Mark Twain's later reference to “this morning” could not have meant the 18th, for he arrived in Hawaii on that day. The Era was regularly issued on Sundays only, and he may have written the piece weeks earlier, to be used at the editor's discretion. The Era possibly took it from the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, but there was no acknowledgment of an earlier printing.
 Michael Reese] (1815–1878), a well-known realtor and capitalist in San Francisco. In 1866 he was a frequent butt in the Era, which ridiculed his vanity, pugnacity, and domestic troubles. Reese was unnecessary to the argument, and Mark Twain may have mentioned him to continue the Era's running attack. This is the strongest evidence that he wrote the piece for the Era, but for a claim that it first appeared elsewhere, see Lawrence E. Mobley, “Mark Twain and The Golden Era,” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 58, no. 1 (January–March 1964): 21.
 Dr. Wadsworth's] Rev. Charles Wadsworth (1814–1882), pastor of the Calvary Presbyterian Church in San Francisco. He went west in 1862, after long service at the Arch Street Church in Philadelphia. It is presumed that Emily Dickinson met him in Philadelphia in 1855, later developed a personal attachment, and suffered a severe trauma upon his departure for California. The sermon Mark Twain claims to have heard does not survive.